Ese hari ikibazo cya ogisijeni mu maraso? Reka twige kuri methemoglobinemia!

Ese wigeze ubona uruhu n'iminwa by'umuntu bihinduka ibara ry'ubururu ridasanzwe? Cyangwa se wigeze wumva ko hari abana bavuka bafite ubururu buke? Impamvu imwe ishobora kuba indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane, ariko ishobora kuba ikomeye mu maraso. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara , methemoglobinemia . Hari n'abantu bayita "syndrome y'ubururu bw'abana."

Methemoglobinemia ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, methemoglobinemia ni indwara aho uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso yacu tudashobora gutwara ogisijeni ku tundi turemangingo n'uturemangingo mu mubiri. Tekereza nawe, uturemangingo dutukura ni two dufasha gutwara ogisijeni mu mibiri yacu, sibyo? Utwo turemangingo dutukura dufite poroteyine yihariye yitwa hemoglobin . Ni nk'imodoka, kandi iyi hemoglobin itwara ogisijeni mu mubiri wose.

Ariko, muri iki kibazo cyitwa ``Methemoglobinemia``, ikibaho ni uko ``Hemoglobin`` yacu itwara ogisijeni ihinduka igahinduka ubwoko butandukanye bw'ikintu cyitwa ``Methemoglobin``. Ikibazo ni uko iyi ``Methemoglobin`` idashobora gutwara ogisijeni. Ni nk'aho bisi itwara ogisijeni yangirika kandi idashobora gutwara abagenzi.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuragwa (mu buryo bw'uturemangingo) ku bantu bamwe na bamwe. Ariko akenshi iterwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe dukoresha, imiti yo kwidagadura, cyangwa guhura n'imiti imwe n'imwe . Hari igihe ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, cyane cyane ku bana bavutse bafite ubwoko bukomeye bw'iyi ndwara no ku bantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge. Ariko, akenshi, abaganga bashobora kuguha imiti yo kugabanya urugero rwa ``Methemoglobin``` no gukuraho ibimenyetso.

Ibi bigira ingaruka zite ku mubiri wanjye?

Abantu benshi barwaye methemoglobinemia bahura n'indwara yitwa cyanosis . Cyanosis ni igihe inzara zawe, ururimi, iminwa, n'uruhu bihinduka ibara ry'ubururu cyangwa umuhengeri. Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso yawe adafite ogisijeni ihagije. Nkuko nabivuze mbere, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso ni two dusanzwe dutwara ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Poroteyine yitwa hemoglobin ifasha muri ibi.

Muri methemoglobinemia, "Methemoglobinemia" ibaho iyo "Hemoglobin" ihindutse "Methemoglobin", byaba bitewe n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo cyangwa indi mpamvu yo hanze. Kubera ko "Methemoglobin" idashobora gutwara ogisijeni, ingano ya ogisijeni mu maraso iragabanuka maze ukagira "Cyanosis".

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Methemoglobinemia?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi, kandi biterwa n'ubwoko bw'indwara ufite. Reka turebere hamwe uburyo ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara.

Ibimenyetso bya Methemoglobinemia yabonetse

Abantu benshi barwara iyi ndwara nyuma yo gufata imiti igabanya ububabare, imiti igabanya ububabare, cyangwa gukoresha ibintu by'uburozi . Ibi byitwa acquired methemoglobinemia. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara birimo:

• Uruhu rwerurutse (rwera cyane)
• Kumva unaniwe cyane (umunaniro)
• Intege nke
• Umutwe

Hari igihe abantu bafite methemoglobinemia bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse . Ibi birimo:

• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Gusinzira cyane, kuvuga nabi, no gutinda gusubiza: Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko .
• Gutakaza ubwenge cyangwa gukora ibintu mu buryo butunguranye (nk'igicuri): Ibi ni ibimenyetso by'igicuri .
• Guhumeka vuba, gutera k'umutima cyane, no kwitiranya ibintu: Ibi ni ibimenyetso by'indwara yitwa metabolic acidosis .

Icy'ingenzi: Niba hari umuntu uri kumwe nawe ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso by'igicuri, `(Acidosis Metabolic)` cyangwa `(Ihungabana ry'Imitsi yo mu Mutwe wo Hagati)`, ugomba guhita uhamagara 1990 ugahamagara imbangukiragutabara .

Ibimenyetso bya Methemoglobinemia yo mu gihe cy'ivuka

Methemoglobinemia y’ababyeyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ni bake cyane bagaragaye ku isi yose. Hashingiwe kuri ayo makuru, abaganga bayigabanyijemo ubwoko butatu bw’ingenzi: Ubwoko bwa 1, Ubwoko bwa 2, n’indwara ya Hemoglobine M (HbM) .

• Abantu barwaye indwara ya hemoglobin M (HbM) bakunze kugira cyanosis (uruhu rw'ubururu), ariko muri rusange baba bafite ubuzima bwiza.
• Nubwo abantu bafite ubwoko bwa 1 methemoglobinemia (Type 1 MetHb) nabo bafite cyanosis, izindi ngorane zikomeye z'ubuzima ntizikunze kubaho.
• Ariko, abana bavutse bafite ubwoko bwa 2 methemoglobinemia (Type 2 MetHb) bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye by'imitsi mu gihe bazaba bafite amezi agera kuri 9. Ikibabaje ni uko abo bana bataramba.

Kuki methemoglobinemia ibaho?

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuragwa, cyangwa, nk'uko nabivuze mbere, ishobora no guterwa nyuma n'imiti imwe n'imwe, imiti, cyangwa imiti y'uburozi.

Impamvu zitera Methemoglobinemia yabonetse

• Imiti igabanya ububabare nka benzocaine na lidocaine (cyane cyane iboneka muri gels zo mu bwoko bwa spray) hamwe na antibiyotike dapsone bishobora gutera ibi.
• Nitrati zikoreshwa mu miti imwe n'imweNitrites, zishobora kuba ziri mu biryo bibungabunga ibiribwa no mu mazi amwe n'amwe, ndetse no guhura n'imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu buhinzi nabyo ni intandaro.
• Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge byo kwidagadura nka amyl nitrite (izwi kandi nka poppers), nitrous oxide (gas aseka), hamwe n'imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ububabare ivanze n'ibiyobyabwenge nka kokayine bari mu kaga ko kugira ibibazo by'uburwayi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga bitewe n'urugero ruri hejuru cyane rwa methemoglobin.

Impamvu za Methemoglobinemia yo mu gihe cy'ivuka

Methemoglobinemia yo mu nda (Congenital MetHb) iterwa n'impinduka ebyiri zitandukanye mu ngirabuzimafatizo.

• Mu bwoko bwa 1 na 2 , impinduka muri gene CYB5R ibangamira uburinganire hagati ya hemoglobin na methemoglobin mu turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso.
• Indwara ya Hemoglobin M (HbM) iterwa n'impinduka mu turemangingo twinshi twa Hemoglobin M.

Methemoglobinemia yo mu nda ni indwara iterwa no kurwara indwara ya autosomal recessive . Mu magambo make, kugira ngo umwana agire iyi ndwara, ababyeyi bombi bagomba kuba ari bo batwara iyo mihindukire y’uturemangingo kandi umwana agomba kuragwa iyo mihindukire iturutse kuri bombi.

Indwara ya Hemoglobin M (HbM) ni indwara ifata umubiri wose . Ibi bivuze ko umwana ashobora kuyirwara nubwo yaba yarazwe na mutation y’uturemangingo ku mubyeyi umwe gusa.

Abaganga bapima iki kibazo gute?

Abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara basuzuma amateka yawe yose y’ubuzima no gukora isuzuma ry’umubiri . Iyo umuntu afite ibimenyetso bya methemoglobinemia, ashobora kubaza imiti akoresha cyangwa imiti y’uburozi ashobora kuba yarahuye nayo.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ibi?

Ibi bizamini bikunze gukorwa:

• Gupima Amaraso: Amaraso yakuwe mu mitsi y'abantu bafite iyi ndwara akenshi aba afite ibara ry'umukara wijimye. Iri bara ry'umukara wijimye risobanura ko imitsi idatwara umwuka wa ogisijeni neza mu maraso.
• Ikizamini cya Methemoglobin (MetHb): Iki gipimo gipima ingano ya methemoglobin iri mu maraso yawe.
• Imikorere ya enzyme ya CYB5R: Iyo imikorere y'iyi enzyme iri hasi ugereranyije n'isanzwe, ni ikimenyetso cya methemoglobinemia ivukanwa.
• Gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo: Niba ukeka ko ufite methemoglobinemia yavukanye, ADN yawe izasuzumwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo kugira ngo hemezwe ko yanduye. Ibi bishobora kandi gufasha kumenya ubwoko bw'indwara.
• Electrophoresis ya Hemoglobin:Ubu ni uburyo bwo gupima "Hemoglobin" mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Iki kizamini gishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara ya hemoglobin M (HbM).

Ibi bivurwa bite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwa methemoglobinemia ufite. Urugero, uburyo bwo kuvura umwana uvutse afite ubwoko bwa 2 butandukanye cyane n'uburyo bwo kuvura umuntu wagize iyi ndwara binyuze mu gukoresha imiti cyangwa imiti ihumanya.

• Abantu barwaye Methemoglobinemia yo mu bwoko bwa 1 cyangwa Hemoglobin M bashobora kudakenera kuvurwa. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, abaganga bashobora gukoresha iyi miti kugira ngo bagabanye urugero rwa Methemoglobin:
• Methylene Ubururu: Uyu ni wo muti w'ingenzi wa methemoglobinemia.
• Vitamine C na Vitamine B2.

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya Methemoglobinemia yabonetse

Bitewe n'uburwayi, methemoglobinemia iboneka ishobora kuba ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi. Muri ibyo bihe, amazi mu mitsi n'umwuka wa ogisijeni bishobora kuba ngombwa . Akenshi, abantu bafite methemoglobinemia iboneka bahabwa methylene y'ubururu .

Ni izihe ngorane zigira mu kuvura?

Iyo umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kubura G6PD (nabyo bikaba ari indwara ya genetiki) ahawe ubuvuzi bwa methylene blue buri gihe, indwara yitwa hemolysis ishobora kubaho. Hemolysis ni ugusenyuka kw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura mbere y'igihe cyangwa bitari ngombwa.

Ese nshobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara methemoglobinemia?

• Abantu bavukana ubwoko bw'iyi ndwara bagomba kwirinda imiti ihumanya (urugero: imiti yica udukoko), imiti imwe n'imwe, hamwe n'indi miti myinshi yo mu gace runaka ishobora kongera urugero rwa methemoglobine. Niba ufite iyi ndwara, baza muganga wawe icyo ushobora kuba ufite ubwivumbure.
• Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge nka amyl nitrite cyangwa kokayine bishyira mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara methemoglobinemia. Niba ukoresha iyi miti kandi ukeneye ubufasha bwo kuyireka, vugana na muganga ku miti ihari.

Bizagenda bite iyo ngize iyi ndwara?

Kenshi na kenshi, ubuvuzi bushobora kugabanya ibimenyetso. Abantu benshi barwaye indwara ya Hemoglobinemia yo mu bwoko bwa 1, cyangwa Hemoglobinemia, bagaragaza ibimenyetso bike. Akenshi bamara igihe kirekire nk'umuntu udafite iyo ndwara.

Nitwara nte?

• Muri rusange, abantu bavukanye ubwoko bwa "congenital" bw'iyi ndwara bagomba kwitondera imiti n'imiti bishobora kongera ubukana bw'iyi ndwara. Kubera ko imimerere ya buri wese itandukanye gato, ni byiza kugisha inama muganga wawe.
• Abantu bafite indwara ya methemoglobinemia (Acquired MetHb) bagomba kwirinda burundu ibintu byayiteye - nk'imiti, imiti igabanya ububabare ikoreshwa mu gutwita, cyangwa imiti ihumanya.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

• Niba ufite ubwoko bw'imitsi yo mu maraso (methemoglobinemia), gana muganga niba ubonye impinduka mu mubiri wawe, nko kunanirwa cyangwa gucika intege. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uko uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tutagishoboye gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wawe wose.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye nka cyanosis (uruhu rw'ubururu) hamwe no gusinzira cyangwa gusinzira cyane, hamagara 911 ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu biro byita ku butabazi bw'ibanze biri mu bitaro biri hafi yawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Methemoglobinemia ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu maraso. Hari abantu bayirwara mu buryo budasanzwe (Congenital MetHb), ariko abantu benshi bayirwara nyuma (Acquired MetHb). Bitewe n'uko urwaye, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

Ku bijyanye na Acquired Methemoglobinemia (Acquired MetHb):

• Kuki ibi byambayeho?
• Ese kuvurwa bizakuraho ibimenyetso byanjye?
• Ese ibimenyetso byanjye bishobora kugaruka?
• Ni iki nakora kugira ngo ngire icyo kintu nk'iki kitazongera kubaho?

Ku bijyanye na MetHb yo mu bwoko bwa 1 Congenital:

• Ese cyanosis (uruhu rw'ubururu) ni ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuvuzi?
• Ese nzahora ngomba gufata imiti ya methemoglobinemia (MetHb)?
• Ese nshobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso?
• Ese abana banjye bashobora kuragwa iki kibazo?

Ubwoko bwa 2 Congenital MetHb (niba ari ku mwana):

• Ni gute iyi ndwara izagira ingaruka ku mwana wanjye?
• Ese hari uburyo bwo kugabanya ibimenyetso by'umwana wanjye?
• Nakora iki kugira ngo mfashe umwana wanjye?
• Ese niba mfite abandi bana, ibi bizababaho na bo?

Muri make (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Methemoglobinemia ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu maraso igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso mu gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri. Kuri bamwe, iravuka, ariko ku bantu benshi iterwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe, kwandura imiti y'uburozi, cyangwa gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu buryo bwo kwidagadura. Methemoglobinemia y'abana bato (cyane cyane ubwoko bwa 2) rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'imitsi, ariko akenshi ntabwo itera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Ariko, methemoglobinemia y'abana (methemoglobinemia y'abana) rimwe na rimwe ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Igikuru ni uko niba ubona ko ufite ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara, ntugatinye kubibwira muganga. Azakwishimira kugufasha.

Methemoglobinemia , Methemoglobinemia, Ubururu bw'uruhinja, Cyanosis, Kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso, Hemoglobin, Indwara z'amaraso, Indwara z'uturemangingo