Gukururwa n'imibu ni ikibazo gikomeye, si byo se? (Gukururwa n'imibu) Reka tumenye byinshi kuri ibi!

Imibu ni inyamaswa y'ingenzi, ariko iteye ishozi cyane, mu ngo zacu no mu nkengero zacu, si byo se? Nubwo wasohoka hanze igihe gito, cyangwa ugasiga idirishya rifunguye, hari uzaza akakuruma. Ntacyo bitwaye niba uburyaryate butangiye nyuma. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iki kibazo cy'imibu, impamvu kibaho, n'icyakorwa kuri cyo.

Umubu ni iki? Kuki udutera ikibazo?

Mu magambo make, imibu ni udukoko duto, tuguruka. Urabizi, imibu ifite amaguru atandatu, n'umunwa muremure (umunwa) ikoresha mu gukurura amaraso n'imitobe. Ariko dore ikintu cy'ingenzi, imibu y'ingore ni yo yonyine inyunyuza amaraso yacu . Imibu y'ingore ni yo inyunyuza imitobe gusa.

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imibu ku isi. Hari ubwoko butatu ahanini: `Aedes`, `Culex` na `Anopheles`. Ubwo bwoko bw'imibu buboneka no muri Sri Lanka.

Akenshi, kurumwa n'umubu ntabwo bitera ingaruka mbi nyinshi. Bitera gusa kubabara no kuribwa mu gihe gito. Ariko, imibu ni mibi kuko yanduza indwara zishobora kwica.

Imibu yororoka ite? Igenda ite?

Uribuka igihe wari umwana, mu ishuri ry’ubuzima, bavugaga ko imibu yororokera mu mazi ahagaze? Nibyo koko. Imibu itera amagi yayo mu mazi magufi kandi adatemba. Urugero:

• Ibishanga
• Ibidendezi
• Ibigega by'amatanki
• Pisine z'abana
• Amazi akusanywa mu mapine ashaje
• Ubwogero bw'inyoni
• Ibishishwa by'ikokonati, amacupa y'ubusa, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, n'inkono z'indabyo hirya no hino mu ngo zacu ni ahantu amazi ahurira.

Ahantu nk'aha niho imibu yororerwa.

Kuki imibu inyunyuza amaraso yacu?

Iyi ni impamvu yoroshye cyane. Imibu y’ingore inyunyuza amaraso kugira ngo ishyigikire imikorere yayo yo kubyara, ari yo kugira ngo ibone poroteyine ikeneye kugira ngo itere amagi yayo. Nubwo imibu y’ingore ibaho kubera ifu gusa, imibu y’ingore itungwa n’ifu ndetse n’amaraso. Poroteyine iri mu maraso ni ingenzi mu iterambere ry’amagi yayo.

Mu by'ukuri, ni iki kibaho iyo umubu ukurumye?

Imibu ifite izuru rirerire, rimeze nk'urushinge ryitwa proboscis. Iyo umubu ukuruma, ushyira uru rushinge mu ruhu rwawe ukoresheje iyi zuru hanyuma ugashyira amacandwe mu maraso yawe uko urimo gukurura amaraso.

Kuki umubu urya cyane iyo uruma?

Icyo ni cyo kibazo. Iyo umubu ushyize amacandwe yawo mu maraso yawe, umubiri wawe umenya ko ayo macandwe ari allergen. Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwohereza imiti yitwa histamine aho warumwe kugira ngo ikureho allergen. Iyo histamine ni yo ituma agace gashya kabyimba. Abantu benshi bagira iki kibazo iyo barumwe n'umubu.

Ese ushobora kurwara imibu iruma? Ni iyihe?

Yego, ikibabaje ni uko imibu ikwirakwiza indwara. Imibu ni inyamaswa zitera indwara hagati y’inyamaswa n’abantu. Izi nyamaswa zitera indwara akenshi zikwirakwiza amaraso. Uretse imibu, inyamaswa nk’udusimba n’udusimba nazo ziri muri urwo rwego rw’udusimba.

Iyo umubu unyunyuje amaraso, ntabwo unyunyuza amaraso gusa, ahubwo unashyiramo amacandwe yawo. Hanyuma, amazi ahinduka hagati y’umubu n’amaraso yacu. Tekereza, niba umubu wanyunyuje amaraso y’umuntu urwaye cyangwa inyamaswa (ni ukuvuga umubu wanduye) uje ukaruma umuntu muzima, iyo ndwara ishobora kwanduza undi muntu.

Imibu ikunze konka amaraso ikoresheje uburyo bwitwa "gutanga amaraso make." Ibi bivuze ko yonka amaraso ahantu henshi no ku bantu benshi, aho konka amaraso yose ikeneye icyarimwe. Ibi byongera ibyago byo kwanduza indwara ku bantu benshi.

Hari indwara nyinshi zikomeye zandurira mu gihugu cyacu no mu bindi bihugu hirya no hino ku isi:

Dengue

Iyi ni indwara twese twumvise kandi dutinya. Dengue ikwirakwizwa n'umubu wa Aedes. Ibimenyetso birimo umuriro, kubabara umubiri, kuribwa umutwe, no kugira isesemi. Hari n'igihe ishobora no kwica.

Chikungunya

Ibi kandi byanduzwa n'umubu wa Aedes. Ibimenyetso birimo umuriro, kubabara ingingo, kubabara imitsi, kuribwa umutwe, isesemi, no kubabara umubiri.

Malariya

Indwara yahoze ikwirakwira muri Sri Lanka, ubu iri mu nzira yo kuyirwanya cyane. Yandurira mu mibu ya Anopheles. Ibimenyetso birimo umuriro, kuribwa umutwe no kuruka. Malariya ishobora no kwica.

Virusi ya Zika

Iyi ni virusi yandurira mu mubu wa Aedes. Iyo umubyeyi utwite yanduriye iyi virusi, umwana uri mu nda ashobora kuyirwara. Nanone, iyi virusi ishobora kwandurira mu bantu binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Izindi ndwara

Uretse ibi, indwara nka "virusi ya West Nile" na "Yellow fever" nazo zishobora kwanduzwa n'imibu. Ariko, ntabwo zikunze kugaragara cyane mu gihugu cyacu.

Ni nde urumwa cyane n'imibu? Uri umwe muri bo?

Imibu ishobora kuruma umuntu uwo ari we wese, ariko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma irushaho kuba nziza. Reba niba ibi bikureba:

• Kwambara imyenda yijimye: Imibu ikurura cyane amabara nk'umukara n'ubururu bwijimye.
• Gukoresha imibavu: Imibavu imwe n'imwe ishobora gukurura imibu.
• Ubwoko bw'amaraso: Abantu bafite ubwoko bumwe bw'amaraso bivugwa ko bashobora kurumwa n'imibu cyane.
• Ubushyuhe bw'umubiri: Imibu ikurura cyane abantu bafite ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'umubiri.
• Kujya mu turere twibasiwe n'indwara ziterwa n'imibu.
• Kumara umwanya hafi y'amazi adatemba.

Iyo umubu ukurumwe, biba bimeze bite? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?

Nyuma yuko umubu w’ingore ukuruma, havuka udusebe duto, twazamutse ku ruhu rwawe. Aka gasebe gashobora guhindura ibara. Hari igihe ubona akadomo gato k’umukara hagati. Utwo dusebe niho umubu wakurumye.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe:

• Kuryarya no kubabara.
• Ahantu umubu warumwe n'umubu hagaragara ikibyimba cyizengurutse.

Ibimenyetso bikomeye kurushaho (ibi ni ibyo kwitondera):

• Uburyo bwo kurwara indwara ya allergie: Kurwara uduheri ku ruhu (uduheri), kubyimba mu muhogo, kuzungera no kugira isesemi.
• Ibimenyetso by'indwara iterwa n'umubu: umuriro, kuribwa umutwe, kubabara umubiri, uduheri ku ruhu, isesemi, amaso atukura, n'umunaniro, bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'indwara.

Ni gute wagabanya uburyaryate nyuma yo kurumwa n'umubu? Hari ibintu ushobora gukora mu rugo?

Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Ntugakubite uruhu! Gukubite bishobora kwangiza uruhu, bigatuma mikorobe zinjira zigatera indwara. Niba wabishe uruhu ku bushake, oza neza n'isabune n'amazi kandi ubikomeze usukuye. Shyira igitambaro niba bibaye ngombwa.

Kuryarya kwatewe n'umubu bizashira mu minsi mike, ariko bishobora kugorana kwihanganira kugeza icyo gihe. Hari imiti ushobora kugura muri farumasi kugira ngo ugabanye kuribwa, ndetse n'imiti ushobora gukorera mu rugo.

Icy'ingenzi: Nubwo imiti yo mu rugo ari myiza ku bantu benshi, ni byiza kubanza kubaza muganga mbere yo gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe, kuko imwe ishobora gutera ubwivumbure ku ruhu rwawe.

Imiti ishobora gufatwa hakurikijwe inama za muganga

• Antihistamines: Izi zishobora gufatwa nk'ibinini cyangwa zigasigwa nk'amavuta cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga. Zigabanya imikorere ya histamine, ari nayo ituma imibu iryana.
• Amavuta ya Hydrocortisone: Ibi bigabanya uburyaryate no kubyimba. Ushobora kuyashyira ku ruhu rw'umubu.

Uburyo bwo kuvura ushobora kugerageza mu rugo

• Urubura: Zingira uduce duto tw'urubura mu gitambaro gisukuye hanyuma utwishyire ku rumo mu gihe cy'iminota 10. Ibi bizagabanya kubyimba, ububabare, no kwishimagura.
• Aloe vera: Fata agace gato ka aloe vera hanyuma ushyire ku ndumo y'umubu. Aside salicylic iri muri aloe vera ifasha kugabanya uburyaryate n'ububabare.
• Icyayi cya Chamomile: Shyira agapfunyika k'icyayi cya chamomile mu mazi ashyushye mu gihe cy'iminota 20. Iyo amazi ahindutse umukara mwiza, fata agapfunyika k'icyayi, kamura amazi arenze, hanyuma ukandagire ku ndumo y'umubu mu gihe cy'iminota 10. Hanyuma uhanagure n'igitambaro gisukuye. Ushobora kandi kubika aka gapfunyika muri firigo no kugakoresha umunsi wose.
• Ubuki: Siga ubuki butoshye gato ku bwonko. Imiterere y'ubuki izagabanya uburyaryate n'ububabare. Ushobora kandi gushyira igitambaro hejuru kugira ngo budafata.
• Ifu y'ingano:Shyiraho utubuto tw'ingano mu cyuma gisya ingano kugeza igihe bivanze neza (`colloidal oatmeal`). Shyiramo amazi ashyushye kugira ngo bibe umutobe mwinshi. Shyira iyi mutobe ku ndurwe n'umubu, uyirekere iminota 10, hanyuma uyihanagure n'igitambaro gisukuye.

Ni gute wakwirinda imibu? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuyirinda?

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu. Ni ngombwa cyane kubukurikiza, cyane cyane mu gihe indwara nka dengue zikunze kugaragara.

• Kuraho aho amazi aturuka: Sukura buri gihe aho amazi aturuka hirya no hino mu nzu, nk'ibishishwa by'amasaka, amapine, amacupa y'ubusa, n'inkono z'indabo. Menya neza ahantu hose amazi ashobora guhurira.
• Irinde kujya mu turere dukunze kugaragaramo indwara ziterwa n'imibu.
• Gukoresha umuti utera udukoko: Koresha umuti utera udukoko wemewe na leta urimo DEET.
• Ambara imyenda miremire kandi miremire: Imibu ishobora kuruma imyenda mito, bityo rero ambara imyenda minini kandi ipfutse uko bishoboka kose.
• Gushyira ecran ku madirishya no ku nzugi.
• Kuguma mu nzu mu gihe imibu iba ikunze kugaragara cyane (mu mugoroba na kare mu gitondo).
• Gushyira imiti yica imibu ku myenda, amahema, n'ibipfundikizo by'imyenda.
• Kuryama munsi y'umuyoboro w'uburinzi.

Ugomba kwitonda cyane cyane niba ugiye mu turere twanduye virusi ya Zika, cyane cyane mu gihe utwite. Iyo umugore utwite yanduye virusi ya Zika, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwana uri mu nda. Nanone, kubera ko iyi virusi ishobora no kwanduzwa binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, wowe n'umukunzi wawe mugomba kwirinda niba mwaragiye mu gace kanduye virusi ya Zika.

Ese ibi byariwe n'umubu? Cyangwa byari indi nyamaswa?

Hari igihe hashobora kubaho utudomo turengana n'udukoko twarumwe n'umubu, ariko mu by'ukuri tukaba twatewe n'udukoko dutandukanye.

Udukoko two mu buriri n'imibu

Udukoko two mu buriri na two dutonyanga amaraso yacu kandi tugashyira amacandwe mu maraso yacu. Udukoko two mu buriri dushobora gusa n'udukoko two mu buriri. Ariko , utwo dukoko dukunze kugira utudomo tuba mu murongo ugororotse cyangwa mu buryo buziba. Udukoko two mu buriri dutera imbere nijoro. Turuma ku ruhu rugaragara (mu maso, mu maboko, ku maguru) mu gihe usinziriye.

Udusimba n'imibu

Udusimba twongera amaraso no gutera amacandwe. Udusimba twongera dushobora kumera nk'udusimba two mu buriri cyangwa udusimba two mu buriri. Ariko, kubera ko udusimba twimuka, utwo dusimba dushobora kuba twihariye, atari ahantu hamwe. Niba ufite inyamaswa zo hanze nk'imbwa n'injangwe mu rugo rwawe, ushobora kubabazwa cyane n'udusimba.

Niba umaze igihe kinini urwaye ubwo bwoko bw'udukoko, gana muganga kugira ngo amenye ubwoko bw'urumogi kandi aguhe inama.

Ese ngomba kujya kwa muganga? Ryari?

Ubusanzwe, kurumwa n'umubu ntibisaba ubuvuzi. Ariko, ugomba kujya kwa muganga mu bihe bikurikira:

• Niba ufite ubwivumbure bukomeye nyuma yo kurumwa n'umubu (urugero: kugorwa no guhumeka, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, gucika intege).
• Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'indwara iterwa n'umubu (nk'umuriro, kuribwa umutwe cyane, kubabara umubiri, kuruka, impiswi) nyuma yo kurumwa n'umubu.
• Niba uherutse kujya mu gace gakunze kugaragaramo indwara ziterwa n'imibu kandi ukaba ufite ibimenyetso.
• Niba umubu umaze iminsi irenga mike urimo, urimo kwiyongera, cyangwa ugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

• Imibu ni udukoko tw’ingore dukurura amaraso dushobora kwanduzanya indwara.
• Birorokera mu mazi adatemba, bityo ni ngombwa cyane kubungabunga ibidukikije.
• Iyo umubu ukurumye, urarya bitewe n'ingaruka za 'histamine' mu mubiri wacu. Ntukararye!
• Kugira ngo ugabanye uburyaryate, ushobora gukoresha imiti yo mu rugo nka barafu na aloe vera. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, ushobora gufata imiti nka antihistamine ukurikije inama za muganga.
• Koresha inzitiramibu, imiti yo kwirukana imibu, n'imyenda ipfuka umubiri kugira ngo wirinde imibu.
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso nk'umuriro n'ububabare bw'umubiri, cyane cyane mu gihe cya dengue, menya neza ko wagisha inama kwa muganga.

Imibu ni ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko, iyo tubizi kandi tugafata ingamba zikenewe, dushobora kwirinda iki kibazo cyane cyane.

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