Ese umaze igihe ubabara umugongo? Ushobora kuba waramaze kubonana na muganga kandi ukaba warakorewe ibizamini nka X-ray, CT scan, cyangwa MRI scan. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, ndetse n'ibi bizamini ntibishobora kugaragaza impamvu nyayo y'ububabare bwawe. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora ikizamini cyihariye gishobora gusuzuma ikibazo mu buryo bwimbitse. Ibyo nibyo tugiye kuvugaho muri iyi nkuru uyu munsi. Byitwa myelogram .
Mu magambo make, myelogram ni iki?
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo: X-ray isanzwe imeze nk'ifoto y'umukara n'umweru y'amagufwa yacu. Igaragaza ibintu nk'amagufwa yavunitse n'amagufwa yavunitse neza cyane. Ariko ntiyerekana ibintu byoroshye cyane nk'imitsi n'umugongo biri mu mugongo neza.
Indwara ya myelogram ni uburyo butuma ibi bintu bitoroshye bigaragara neza. Irangi ryihariye, cyangwa ibikoresho bitandukanya isura, rikoreshwa muri ibi. Iyo iri bara rishyizwe mu mugongo, rirabagirana umweru kuri X-ray cyangwa CT scan. Kimwe no kumurika itara mu cyumba cyijimye, iri bara rituma muganga abona ibintu byose biri mu mugongo, harimo n'umugongo, inzira z'imitsi, n'imiyoboro iri hagati y'amagufwa.
Muri iki kizamini, muganga ashobora kureba irangi rinyura mu mugongo wawe nk'uko bigaragara kuri videwo. Ubu buryo bwitwa fluoroscopy .
Ushobora kuba warumvise umuganga avuga ibintu nka 'cervical myelogram' cyangwa 'lumbar myelogram'. Ibyo ntibigutere ubwoba. Ntabwo ari ibizamini bibiri bitandukanye. Byerekeza gusa aho ikizamini kiri gukorwa mu mugongo wawe. Urugero, niba igice cy'ijosi ryawe (cervical spine) kirimo gupimwa, ni 'cervical myelogram'. Niba igice cy'umugongo wawe wo hasi (lumbar spine) kirimo gupimwa, ni 'lumbar myelogram'.
Kuki muganga yategeka ko muganga apima myelogram?
Ubusanzwe, iyo urwaye umugongo, muganga abanza kukugira inama yo gupima CT cyangwa MRI. Akenshi, ibi bizamini bishobora gufasha kumenya impamvu. Ariko, niba nta na kimwe muri ibyo bizamini gihamya, akenshi hasabwa myelogram kugira ngo hamenyekane byinshi.
Iki kizamini gikora cyane cyane mu kumenya indwara zikurikira.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Disiki ifite herniated | Disiki ya herniated ni indwara aho igice cy’umugongo kiri hagati y’amagufwa abiri kigaragara nk’umusemburo gisohoka kigakanda imitsi. Iyi ni indwara ifata abantu benshi. |
| Indwara ya rubagimpande mu ngingo z'umugongo | Uko imyaka igenda ikura cyangwa bitewe n'izindi mpamvu, ingingo ziri hagati y'umugongo zirashaje, zirabyimba, kandi zikagira ububabare. |
| Stenosis yo mu mugongo | Igice cy'umugongo kimeze nk'umuyoboro aho uruti rw'umugongo n'imitsi binyura kiragabanuka, bigatera imitsi gukanda. |
| Amagufwa atera amagufwa / Osteophytes | Uretse imitsi yo mu bwonko, hari uduce duto tw’amagufwa tubaho, dukwirakwira ku mitsi, bigatera ububabare. |
| Ibibyimba by'umugongo | Ibibyimba bya kanseri cyangwa bitari kanseri biba ku ruti rw'umugongo bigashyira igitutu ku mitsi. |
Byongeye kandi, niba uherutse kubagwa umugongo kandi ukaba waragize ububabare bushya cyangwa ibinya mu maguru yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa myelogram kugira ngo amenye impamvu.
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora myelogram?
Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse neza ku byo ugomba gukora mbere y'iki kizamini. Ariko muri rusange, reka turebe uko wakwitegura. Gukurikiza izi ntambwe ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ikizamini kigende neza, sibyo?
| Icyo gukora | Ingingo z'ingenzi |
|---|---|
| Tegura imodoka. | Ntuzashobora gutwara imodoka wenyine nyuma yo gupimwa kuko ushobora guhabwa umuti wo kugabanya ububabare kugira ngo usinzire. Kubwibyo, ushobora gukenera guhamagara inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango kugira ngo agutware mu rugo. |
| Nywa amazi menshi. | Guhera umunsi umwe mbere y'ikizamini, tangira kunywa ikirahuri cy'amazi (ounces 4-8) buri masaha abiri. Ni ngombwa kwirinda umwuma. |
| Kwiyiriza ubusa | Ntukarye ibiryo bikomeye amasaha atandatu mbere yo gupimwa. |
| Ibinyobwa by'amazi | Ushobora kunywa ibinyobwa bidafite umwanda kugeza ku masaha atandatu mbere yo gupimwa. Urugero, harimo amazi, icyayi kidafite amata/amata, ikawa yirabura, soda idafite umwanda, umutobe w'imbuto udafite isukari, n'umutobe w'isupu. |
| Niba urwaye diyabete: | |
| Insulini | Fata urugero rwawe rusanzwe rwa insuline, ariko banza uganire na muganga wawe kuri ibi. |
| Ubumenyi | Ibutsa abakozi ko urwaye diyabete ukimara kujya kwa muganga kwipimisha. |
Ubusanzwe, gupima amaraso ntibisabwa mbere y'iki kizamini. Ariko, niba ufite ikibazo cy'amaraso, nko kubura amazi mu mubiri cyangwa indwara idakira y'impyiko (CKD), muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gupima ibikenewe.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?
Muri iki gihe ntuzaba umeze nk'utazi ubwenge burundu, ariko ushobora guhabwa imiti igufasha kuruhuka. Inzobere mu by'imirasire n'ikoranabuhanga bazaba bari kumwe nawe mu cyumba mu gihe cyose cy'ikizamini, bityo nta mpamvu yo gutinya.
Dore isesengura ry'ibiba mu gihe cy'ikizamini intambwe ku yindi:
1. Kwitegura: Ubwa mbere, uzaryamishwa ku meza yo gupimwa, haba mu nda cyangwa ku ruhande.
2. Gusukura: Umugongo wawe wo hasi uzasukurwa neza n'umuti wica udukoko.
3. Kubabara: Hanyuma, haterwa agace gato k'ikinya kugira ngo agace k'urushinge kabashe kumera nabi, kugira ngo utababara.
4. Gutera irangi: Ubu ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane. Umuganga w'imirasire azashyira irangi ryihariye (ibintu bitandukanya) mu gafuka kuzuyemo amazi gakikije uruti rw'umugongo wawe. Ushobora kumva ubabaye gato kuri iki gihe.
5. Kurambika igitanda: Kugira ngo irangi rigende neza mu mugongo wawe, umusuzuma azarambika igitanda uriho gato. Ushobora kandi gusabwa kuzunguza umutwe wawe gato.
6. Gufata amafoto: Iyo irangi rimaze kugera ahantu hakwiye, hafatwa amafoto atandukanye ya X-ray na CT scan.
Ubusanzwe igikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe. Hashobora kubaho kubabara cyangwa umutwe muto.
Bigenda bite nyuma yo gupimwa? Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?
Nyuma yo gupimwa, uzaguma mu bitaro mu gihe cy'isaha imwe. Uzemererwa gutaha gusa nyuma yuko byemejwe ko byose bimeze neza. Uzahabwa amabwiriza yanditse yo gukurikiza nyuma yo gutaha. Umuganga w'indwara zo mu maraso azohereza raporo y'ikizamini kwa muganga wawe w'ibanze (PCP).
Ubusanzwe uzasubira mu buzima busanzwe mu masaha 24. Kuruhuka muri iki gihe ni ingenzi cyane kuko bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kuva amaraso mu bwonko no mu ruti rw'umugongo (CSF). Ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe nyuma y'umunsi umwe.
Menya neza ko uzakora ibi bintu mugihe urimo gukira uri mu rugo:
- Komeza umutwe wawe uzamutse: Komeza umutwe wawe uzamutse hejuru y'ibindi bice by'umubiri wawe uko bishoboka kose. Koresha imisego ibiri cyangwa itatu mugihe uryamye.
- Lala wubitse umugongo: Gerageza kuryama wubitse umugongo mu buriri uko bishoboka kose.
- Nywa ibinyobwa byinshi: Nywa amazi menshi n'ibindi binyobwa. Ibi bizagufasha gukura irangi mu mubiri wawe no kugabanya ububabare bw'umutwe. Ariko irinde inzoga.
- Irinde guterura ibintu biremereye:Ntugaterure ibyuma biremereye cyangwa ngo ukore imyitozo ngororamubiri igoye mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri.
- Imiti y'umutwe: Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutwe, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibijyanye no gufata imiti igabanya ububabare nka parasetamol. Nanone, kunywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine (ikawa, icyayi) rimwe na rimwe bishobora gufasha kugabanya ikibazo cy'umutwe.
Ingaruka mbi n'igihe cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe
Abantu bagera kuri 10% bafashwe na myelogram bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi nto. Izi ngaruka zikunze kurangira burundu mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ibisanzwe n'ibikomeye.
| Ubwoko bw'ingaruka mbi | Ibiranga |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka mbi zikunze kugaragara kandi zikarangira mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri | |
| Umutwe | Iyi ni yo ngaruka mbi ikunze kugaragara cyane. |
| Isesemi no kuruka | Hari abantu bashobora kugira isesemi cyangwa kuruka. |
| Ibimenyetso bikomeye bigomba kumenyeshwa muganga wawe byihuse | |
| Kubabara umutwe bidashira | Umutwe ukabije udashobora gukemurwa n'imiti isanzwe igabanya ububabare cyangwa ikiruhuko. |
| Umuriro | Ubushyuhe bw'umubiri buri hejuru ya 101 Fahrenheit (38.3 Selisiyusi). |
| Ijosi rikomeye | Kugorama kw'ijosi no kubabara bituma bigorana kunama. |
| Kubyimba kw'amaguru/gucika intege | Kubura ibinya, gushya, cyangwa kumva nta buzima buri mu maguru. |
| Ibindi bintu | Amazi cyangwa ububabare buturutse aho urushinge rwatewe, kugorwa no kunyara, gucika intege. |
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, ntutinde. Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) by’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
Ese iki kizamini kibabaza cyane?
Ibi ntabwo ari kimwe kuri buri wese. Ariko si ikizamini kibabaza cyane. Ariko, ushobora kugira ububabare buke.
- Ushobora kumva urusaku rwinshi iyo umupfundikizo utobowe.
- Iyo urushinge rushyizwemo, ushobora kumva amashanyarazi akubita ku kibuno cyangwa ku kaguru mu gihe cy'isegonda rimwe.
- Iyo irangi ryinjiye mu mubiri, ushobora kumva ushyushye by'igihe gito, uburyohe bw'icyuma mu kanwa, cyangwa isesemi .
Wibuke ko itsinda ry’abaganga rihora rigerageza kugufasha kumva umerewe neza uko bishoboka kose no kurangiza ikizamini vuba bishoboka.
Hanyuma, myelogram ni igikoresho cy'ingirakamaro mu gushaka impamvu nyayo y'ububabare bw'umugongo bumaze igihe kinini bugutera ikibazo kandi butabonetse mu bipimo bisanzwe. Hamwe n'amakuru asobanutse neza atanga, muganga wawe ashobora gutangiza gahunda yo kuvura ikubereye. Rero, niba muganga agusabye iki kizamini, ntutinye gukomeza ukamenya amakuru arambuye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Isuzuma rya myelogram ni isuzuma rikoresha irangi ryihariye kugira ngo rigaragaze neza neza ishusho y'umugongo n'imitsi iwugize.
- Iki kizamini gikunze kuba cyiza iyo impamvu y’ububabare bw’umugongo idashobora kumenyekana neza hifashishijwe CT cyangwa MRI scans.
- Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga mbere yo kwipimisha (kwiyiriza ubusa, kunywa ibinyobwa bisindisha) na nyuma yo kwipimisha (kuruhuka, kwirinda gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iremereye).
- Nubwo ingaruka mbi nke nko kubabara umutwe no kugira isesemi ari ibintu bisanzwe, menyesha muganga wawe vuba niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye nko kugira umuriro mwinshi, ijosi rikomeye, cyangwa kugira ibinya mu maguru.
- Niba ufite impungenge cyangwa ubwoba ku isuzuma, ganira na muganga wawe ku mugaragaro.
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