Ese uzi amaguru n'ibishyigikizo by'ubukorano? Ni nde uvura amenyo n'umuvuzi w'ingingo?

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bantu babiri b'ingenzi cyane mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bwacu, ariko wenda nta byinshi twumva kuri bo. Bitwa Abaganga b'Amagufwa n'Abaganga b'Inzobere. Ushobora kuba wibaza abo bantu n'icyo bakora. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Ni nde muganga w'amagufwa?

Tekereza ko ukuboko kwawe, ukuguru kwawe, cyangwa ikindi gice cy'umubiri wawe kidakora neza, cyangwa ko gikeneye inkunga. Icyo gihe ni bwo tuba dukeneye ubufasha bw'uyu muntu witwa orthotist. Muri make, orthotist ni umuganga ukora kandi agashyira ibikoresho byihariye, cyangwa orthotics, bifasha gushyigikira no kurinda sisitemu n'imitsi yacu. Izi orthotics zirimo ibintu nk'imitsi ifata imitsi , imitsi ifata imitsi , n'inkweto zihariye zo gushyiramo imitsi . Ibi bishobora gutuma ibice bitandukanye by'umubiri wacu bihagarara neza, kubihindura, guhindura uburyo ibiro bikwirakwizwa, cyangwa kugabanya ingendo zidakenewe. Niba ufite ubumuga bw'umubiri cyangwa imvune, orthotist ashobora kuyisuzuma no gukora orthosis yihariye kugira ngo ihuze nayo.

Ni izihe ndwara umuganga w'amagufwa avura?

Noneho reka turebe igihe ugomba kujya kwa muganga w’amagufwa. Ushobora gusaba ubufasha kwa muganga w’amagufwa niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Gukomereka kw'imitsi n'amagufwa: Tekereza ku igufwa ryavunitse cyangwa gukomereka. Muri ibyo bihe, orthotics zishobora gufasha guhagarika, gutuza no kurinda agace kakomeretse mu gihe gakira. Bishobora kandi gufasha kugabanya umuvuduko ku gikomere.
• Ubusembwa bw'imitsi n'amagufwa: Urugero, indwara nka scoliosis ( kugorama k'umugongo), dysplasia y'ikibuno (ubusembwa bw'igufwa ry'ikibuno), cyangwa ubusembwa bw'ibirenge nk'ibirenge birambuye cyangwa ikirenge cy'ikirenge (ibirenge bifite ubusembwa). Izi orthoses zishobora gufasha gukosora ubu busembwa cyangwa kuzirinda ko burushaho kuba bubi.
• Indwara y'imitsi itera intege nke z'imitsi cyangwa kugorama kwayo (spasticity): Kimwe n'indwara nka cerebral palsy cyangwa stroke , izi orthotic devices zishobora gutanga ubufasha ku bice byacitse intege no kugabanya ingaruka z'imitsi kugorama.
• Ububabare budakira bugira ingaruka ku mitsi n'amagufwa yawe: urugero , rubagimpande ,Ibintu nka carpal tunnel syndrome, cyangwa imvune idakira. Izi orthoses zishobora gukura ibiro ku gice kibabara zikabyohereza ahandi hantu.

None se ni nde muganga w’inzobere?

Noneho reka turebe uwo ari we. Umuganga w’inzobere ni inzobere mu gukora no gushyira ibice by’inzobere (prostheses) kugira ngo bisimbuze ibice by’umubiri wacu bibura. Tekereza ko hari umuntu udafite ukuboko, ukuguru, ukuboko, ikirenge, cyangwa urutoki. Muri icyo gihe, umuganga w’inzobere ashobora gukora ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru by’inzobere bikubereye, bihuye n’ibyo ukeneye, kandi bisa neza. Si ibyo gusa, aranagufasha kubimenyera, kubikosora, no kubisana uko bikenewe.

Ni ibihe bibazo umuganga w’inzobere avura?

Umuganga w’inzobere afasha cyane cyane abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kubura amaguru n’amaboko. Ushobora kubonana n’umuganga w’inzobere niba ufite:

• Ufite itandukaniro ryavutse (ubumuga bwo kuvukana) mu kuboko cyangwa ku maguru yawe.
• Niba ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru byaraciwe .

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'umuganga w'amagufwa n'umuganga w'amagufwa?

Hari isano ikomeye hagati y’abaganga b’amenyo n’abaganga b’inzobere. Hari igihe umuntu umwe akora byombi. Abandi ni bo bihariye mu gice kimwe gusa. Ariko, bombi bakorana n’ikoranabuhanga rikorana n’imitsi n’amagufwa yacu. Ibi bivuze ko ibikoresho bakora bifasha guhindura cyangwa kunoza imikorere y’imibiri yacu. Baba bakora igishyigikizo cy’ivi cyangwa ivi ry’inzobere, bakoresha amahame amwe y’imikorere y’umubiri .

Mu magambo make, abahanga mu by’ubugororangingo bakora ibice by’ubugororangingo kugira ngo basimbuze ibice byabuze cyangwa byangiritse by’umubiri wacu. Niba waravutse udafite urwego rukora, cyangwa niba waraciwe urwego, ushobora gukenera kubonana n’umuganga w’ubugororangingo.

Ku rundi ruhande, abaganga b'amagufwa bavura abantu benshi bafite ububabare bw'imitsi cyangwa indwara z'imitsi. Bafasha abantu mu gushyiraho ibisubizo bibafasha kwicara, guhagarara no kugenda neza kandi mu mutekano.

Ese abaganga b'amenyo n'abaganga b'inzobere bajya mu mashuri y'ubuganga?

Oya. Abaganga b'amagufwa n'abakora poroteyine ni abajyanama b'ubuzima bafatanyije.Abandi bari mu cyiciro cy’inyongera. Aba ni nk’abatanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi zihariye bafasha abaganga n’abaforomo, bongera ubuvuzi bwabo. Ntibajya mu ishuri ry’ubuganga, ariko bafite uburezi bwihariye n’amahugurwa yo gutura mu rugo mu rwego rwabo. Babona impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu bijyanye n’amagufwa n’ubugororangingo.

Abaganga b'amagufwa n'abakora poroteyine biga iki?

Umuganga w’amagufwa cyangwa umuganga w’amagufwa agomba kuba afite ubumenyi bwinshi mu masomo menshi ya siyansi. Amwe muri yo ni:

• Imiterere y'umubiri: Inyigo y'uburyo ibice byose by'imitsi n'amagufwa byacu bifitanye isano.
• Biomekanike: Inyigo y'uburyo imbaraga za mekanike bikora mu mitsi yacu.
• Kinesiology: Ubumenyi bw'ingendo n'uburyo igira ingaruka ku mibiri yacu.
• Pathology: Inyigo y'uburyo indwara zivura zivuka kandi zigakura.
• Ubuhanga mu by'ubwubatsi: Ubuhanga bwo gukora ibikoresho bishobora gukoresha ingufu mu buryo bugoye.
• Igishushanyo n'ubuhanga: Uburyo bwo gukora ibi bikoresho, byaba hakoreshejwe ibikoresho by'intoki cyangwa mudasobwa.

Ni ubuhe buhanga umuganga w'amagufwa n'umuganga w'inzobere agomba kuba afite?

Kugira ngo ube umuganga mwiza w’amagufwa cyangwa umuhanga mu by’ubugororangingo, ugomba kuba ufite ubu buhanga bukurikira:

• Isuzumabumenyi: Bagomba kuba bashobora gusuzuma neza imikorere y'umubiri wa buri muntu bavura, icyabatera kumererwa nabi, n'icyakorwa kuri ibyo.
• Ubuhanga mu mibanire y’abantu: Bagomba kuba ari abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi bashobora kuvugana neza n’abo bavura, gukorana n’ababitaho, no gukorana n’abandi batanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi.
• Ubuhanga mu gukora amaboko: Abaganga b'amagufwa n'abakora amaboko bakora n'amaboko yabo. Ibi bivuze ko bagomba kugira ubuhanga mu gukora amaboko kugira ngo bakore ibikoresho byakozwe neza kandi bikwiranye n'umubiri wawe neza. Bagomba kandi kuba bashobora kubikosora no kubisana.
• Ubuhanga mu gukemura ibibazo: Kubona igisubizo gikwiye cyo gukoresha imitsi cyangwa ibyuma bigufasha gusimbuza amenyo bishobora kuba inzira igoye. Iyo habayeho ikibazo, umuganga w’amenyo cyangwa umuhanga mu by’imitsi azagikosora hanyuma agerageze kongera kugerageza.

Ese abaganga b'amenyo n'abaganga b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi ni abanyamwuga?

Yego rwose. Abaganga b'amagufwa n'abakora poroteyine bakorana neza n'abantu bavura mu bitaro. Basuzuma indwara yawe ku giti cyabo, bakaganira ku byo ukeneye n'intego zawe, kandi bagapima ndetse wenda n'imiterere y'umubiri wawe mu gihe bashushanya orthosis cyangwa poroteyine yawe. Bagenzura uko igikoresho cyawe gikorwa kandi kigashyirwa mu mwanya wacyo, kandi bakakwigisha uburyo gikoreshwa. Banasuzuma uburyo gikora.

Nubwo hari abantu bashobora gukenera ubufasha bw'umuganga w'amagufwa by'agateganyo gusa, abantu benshi bafite indwara zidakira bashobora gukenera kwitabwaho mu buzima bwabo bwose. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, abantu babana n'inzobere bashobora gukenera kwitabwaho n'umuganga w'amagufwa mu buzima bwabo bwose. Ibi bituma abaganga b'inzobere n'inzobere mu by'amagufwa bubaka umubano urambye n'abantu bavura. Bashobora kumenya ibibazo byawe by'umubiri n'ibyo ukeneye ku rwego rwawe bwite.

Abaganga b'amagufwa n'abakora poroteyine ni abahanga mu by'ubuzima bifatanyije nabo, bakaba ari bo babigize umwuga mu gukora ibikoresho byo kwambara mu kuvura indwara z'imitsi n'amagufwa. Mu gusobanukirwa imikorere y'umubiri, bashobora gukorana n'umubiri wawe kugira ngo bakore ibisubizo byihariye bigufasha gukora neza kuri wewe. Waba ukeneye kwambara orthosis cyangwa prosthesis, imiterere myiza n'uburyo igukwiriye bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka

Sawa, reka turebere hamwe ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze:

• Umuganga w’amagufwa ni umuntu ukora ibikoresho byo gupfuka amagufwa, nk'imigozi n'udupira, bifasha gushyigikira, gutuza, cyangwa kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'igice cy'umubiri wawe.
• Umuganga w’inzobere ni umuntu ukora ibice by’ubukorano (prostheses) kugira ngo asimbure igice cy’umubiri cyabuze, nk’ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru.
• Aba bombi si abaganga, ariko ni abahanga mu by'ubuzima bakomeye cyane mu rwego rw'ubuzima. Bafite uburezi bwihariye muri uru rwego.
• Niba ufite igufwa ryavunitse, ikibazo cy'umugongo, ububabare bwa rubagimpande, ubumuga wavukanye, cyangwa gutakaza urugingo rw'umubiri, ubufasha bw'aba bantu ni ingenzi cyane kuri wewe.
• Inyunganizi cyangwa icyuma gikozwe neza kandi gikozwe neza gishobora kuguha ihumure n'uburyohe bwiza mu buzima bwawe. Rero, niba bibaye ngombwa, ntutinye kubonana n'inzobere nk'iyi. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe.

` Umuganga w'amagufwa, Umuganga w'inzobere, Amaguru y'ubukorano, Ibikoresho bifasha, Uduce tw'amagufwa, Abahanga mu by'ubuzima, Ivuriro ry'umubiri