Ese umwana wawe afite ubwivumbure ku biribwa? Reka tuvuge ku bipimo abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo bamenye (Gupima ubwivumbure ku biribwa)!

Ese wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ikibazo kidasanzwe cyangwa kidasobanutse nyuma yo kurya amafunguro? Ese wigeze ugira uburibwe, uduheri dutukura, cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka nyuma yo kurya ubwoko runaka bw'ibiryo? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bw'ibiryo . Reka tuvuge uburyo abaganga bashobora gusuzuma indwara y'ibiryo n'ibizamini bakora, sibyo? Nta mpamvu yo gutinya cyangwa guhangayikishwa n'ibi bintu bitari ngombwa. Ariko kumenya aya makuru bizakugirira akamaro cyane.

Ni gute abaganga bapima allergie y'ibiryo?

Ubusanzwe, umuganga, cyane cyane umuganga w’inzobere mu kuvura indwara z’ubwivumbure – tunamwita “umurwayi w’indwara z’ubwivumbure” – akoresha uburyo bubiri bw’ingenzi bwo gupima kugira ngo yemeze niba hari indwara y’ubwivumbure mu biribwa. Ibi ni ibizamini by’uruhu n’ibipimo by’amaraso . Hari igihe umuganga ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukora ibi bizamini byombi. Ibi bigaragazwa no gusuzuma ibintu byinshi, nko ku miterere y’umurwayi n’imiterere y’ibimenyetso.

Ikizamini cyo gutobora uruhu ni iki? Kikorwa gute?

Ibi ntabwo ari binini cyangwa bigoye nkuko wabitekereza. Ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyane. Tekereza ko ukeka ko umwana wawe muto afite ubwivumbure ku kintu runaka iyo anyoye amata. Hanyuma umuganga w’indwara z’ubwivumbure cyangwa umuforomo wabyigiye azakora iki kizamini gutya:

1. Ubwa mbere, sukura neza uruhu rwawe cyangwa urw'umwana wawe cyangwa igice cy'umugongo.

2. Hanyuma, ibintu bishobora gutera allergie biri mu biribwa ukeka (mu rugero rwacu, amata) - ni ukuvuga ikintu gishobora gutera allergie, tubyita "allergie" - bifatwa nk'akantu gato cyane kayo mu buryo bw'amazi, maze ayo mazi agashyirwa mu ruhu hakoreshejwe ikintu gito cyane, nk'agapira, cyangwa hakoreshejwe agace gato ku ruhu. Ibi si ububabare bukomeye, bimera nk'aho ari agato cyane, nk'umubu uruma. Nta kintu cyo gutinya.

3. Siga amazi ku ruhu rwawe gutya hanyuma utegereze iminota 15.

4. Noneho ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Iyo ahantu hakoreshejwe amazi ya "allergen" hahindutse umutuku, hakabyimba gato, hakagaragara agahu gato kameze nk'udusebe (ibi kandi byitwa "wheal" n'abaganga), bigaragaza ko hashobora kuba hari allergy ku biribwa bivugwa.

5. Hanyuma, umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azakoresha agakoresho gapima neza ingano y'impeshyi n'agace gatukura kayikikije maze akabyandika.

Noneho tekereza, niba ukeka ko ufite ubwivumbure ku biryo bimwe gusa, ahubwo no ku bwoko butandukanye bw'ibiryo, cyangwa se niba bigoye kumenya neza ibiryo bitera ibyo bimenyetso by'ubwivumbure, muganga ashobora gupima uruhu rwawe arushyiramo "allergens" zitandukanye icyarimwe.

Nyuma yo gupimwa uruhu, ushobora gukanda ahantu hakorewe ikizamini igihe gito. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Ariko, ubusanzwe uburyaryate bugabanuka mu minota 30. Niba umwana wawe afite uburyaryate bukabije, muganga ashobora kuguha imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa steroid kugira ngo uyasige ahantu habyimbye. Ibi bizafasha kugabanya uburyaryate vuba.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri gipimwa amaraso?

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, uretse ikizamini cy'uruhu cyavuzwe haruguru, cyangwa niba hari impamvu zimwe na zimwe zituma ikizamini cy'uruhu kidashobora gukorwa (urugero, umuntu ufite uruhu rukomeye cyangwa umuntu ufata imiti runaka), muganga ashobora no kukugira inama yo gupima amaraso.

Ibi bikubiyemo gufata amaraso make cyane kuri wewe cyangwa ku mwana wawe ukayohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo akorerwe ibizamini byihariye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukureba niba amaraso arimo "antibodies za IgE," zikorwa n'ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri ku biribwa runaka.

Mu magambo make, izi antibodies za IgE ni ubwoko bwihariye bwa poroteyine ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wacu, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bukora iyo bwibeshye ko ibiryo bimwe na bimwe ari "bibi" cyangwa "umwanzi," maze bukagerageza kubirwanya. Rero, niba amaraso y'umuntu agaragaye ko arimo izi antibodies za IgE ku biryo runaka, bivuze ko hari amahirwe ko ashobora kuba afite ubwivumbure kuri ibyo biryo. Ni ikimenyetso gusa, kimwe n'ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry'uruhu.

Ni gute abaganga basobanura ibisubizo by'ibizamini? Ibi ni ingenzi cyane!

Dore ikintu ugomba kuzirikana. Kuba ikizamini cy'uruhu cyangwa ikizamini cy'amaraso byagaragaje ko umuntu yakira ibiryo neza ntibivuze ko aba yizeye 100% ko afite ubwivumbure kuri ibyo biryo. Bigaragaza gusa ko hari amahirwe yo kugira ubwivumbure.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Hari abantu bavukana uruhu rworoshye cyane. Nubwo uruhu rwabo rwaba rwarakajwe gato n'ikintu runaka, nk'ikintu kitari ikintu cyapimwe, rushobora guhinduka umutuku, rukabyimba gato, cyangwa se rukabyimba. Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko biba ari allergie. Nanone, hari abantu bashobora kuba bafite antibodies za IgE mu maraso yabo ku biribwa runaka, ariko bashobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso bya allergie iyo bariye ibyo biribwa. Ibi tubyita "sensitivity," bitandukanye na "allergie."

Kubwibyo, umuganga ntazigera afata icyemezo cya nyuma ku bijyanye no kuba umuntu afite aleriji y'ibiryo ashingiye gusa kuri ibi bisubizo by'ibizamini. Nta gushidikanya ko azakubaza ibindi bintu byinshi, nko:

• Ni ibihe bimenyetso byihariye wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite? (urugero: kuribwa? uduheri? kugorwa no guhumeka? kubabara mu nda?)
• Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara nyuma y'igihe kingana iki urya ibiryo? (Iminota? Amasaha?)
• Ibimenyetso birakomeye gute? (Ese ni ukuryarya gato gusa? Cyangwa ni bikomeye cyane ku buryo umubiri wawe wose ubyimba ntushobore guhumeka?)
• Hari undi muntu mu muryango wawe (mama, papa, abavandimwe) ufite ubwo bwoko bw'allergie ku biribwa cyangwa izindi allergie (urugero: asima, allergie y'umukungugu)?

Umuganga amenya neza ikibazo cy’uburwayi bw’ibiryo nyuma yo gusuzuma amateka y’uburwayi bw’umurwayi, imiterere y’ibimenyetso bye, n’ibisubizo by’ibizamini.

Ikibazo cyo kurya ibiryo biryoshye ni iki? Ese ni akaga?

Noneho tekereza ko ibisubizo by'ikizamini cy'uruhu n'ikizamini cy'amaraso byavuzwe haruguru bitagaragara neza. Cyangwa, niba umwana wawe yari afite ubwivumbure bw'ibiribwa akiri umwana, none amaze gukura gato, urashaka kumenya neza niba ubwo bwivumbure bwarashize, ni ukuvuga "bwararenze", muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo kongera gupima. Iki ni cyo twita "ikibazo cyo kurya mu kanwa" .

Dore uko byagenze:

1. Ibiryo bikekwaho kuba allergie (allergie ishobora kuba iy'ibiribwa) bishyirwa mu rugero ruto cyane, wenda kimwe cya cumi cy'ikiyiko, kandi bikiyongera buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita.

2. Ibi byose bikorwa mu buryo butaziguye kandi bukurikiranwa na muganga. Umuganga cyangwa abakozi b’abaganga bahuguwe bazaba bakurikiranira hafi ibimenyetso byose by’ubwivumbure. Ibintu nk’umuvuduko w’umutima, uburyo bwo guhumeka, n’impinduka z’uruhu bihora bigenzurwa.

3. Ntukagerageze gukora iki kizamini mu rugo. Ibi bigomba gukorerwa kwa muganga gusa (ivuriro) cyangwa mu bitaro bifite ibikoresho byose bikenewe kugira ngo bivure ikibazo cyihutirwa. Ibi biterwa nuko habaho allergie itunguranye, yitwa "anaphylaxis".Iyo habayeho ikibazo gishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga (allergie ikomeye), imiti yihutirwa n'abaganga n'abakozi bo kwa muganga bahuguwe (inzobere n'abakozi bo kwa muganga) bagomba kuba bahari kugira ngo bakivure vuba.

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane: Ntuzigere, ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose, ugerageza "Ikigeragezo cy'ibiribwa byo mu kanwa" uri mu rugo udafite ubuyobozi bwa muganga, sibyo? Kuko rimwe na rimwe ubwivumbure bw'ibiribwa bushobora kuba bubi cyane. Bushobora no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Akenshi, iki kizamini cya "oral food challenge" gikorwa kugira ngo hemezwe niba allergie y'ibiribwa yabanje yarakize, bivuze ko nta kibazo kirimo kurya ibyo biryo ubu. Urugero, umwana wari ufite allergie y'amagi akiri umwana ashobora gukura mu buryo busanzwe iyo allergie mu myaka mike uko agenda akura. Bityo iki kizamini ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kubimenya neza.

Ni iki gikurikiraho iyo ikizamini cyemejwe ko afite aleriji?

Noneho reka tuvuge ko ibizamini byavuzwe haruguru byemeje ko umwana wawe cyangwa wowe ufite aleriji y'ibiryo. Ntugatinye icyo gihe, si iherezo ry'isi. Muganga wawe azagufasha rwose gutegura gahunda isobanutse neza y'uburyo bwo kubaho mu mutekano kandi mu buryo busanzwe muri iki kibazo gishya.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo gukora ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Kwirinda cyane ibiryo bigira ingaruka ku mubiri:

• Muganga azaguha urutonde rusobanutse rw'ibiribwa bitakubereye wowe cyangwa umwana wawe, kandi azaguha no gusobanukirwa neza ibyo kurya bishobora kuba birimo ibintu byihishe.
• Ugomba kugira akamenyero ko gusoma neza ibyapa by'ibiribwa biri kuri buri paki cyangwa icupa uguze mu iduka. Kuko rimwe na rimwe ibiryo tutatekerezaho, urugero nk'isosi, isupu, na biscuits, bishobora kuba birimo ibyo biribwa bigira ingaruka ku mubiri (urugero: amata, amagi, soya, ubunyobwa , ingano).
• Niba umwana wawe agiye ku ishuri, ni ngombwa cyane kumenyesha umwarimu w'ishuri, abakozi ba resitora, n'abandi. Nanone, iyo ugiye mu ngo z'abavandimwe, mu ngo z'inshuti, cyangwa mu birori, kubimenyesha abandi mbere y'igihe bishobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi bitari ngombwa.

2. Gufata imiti yihutirwa hafi:

• Allergie zimwe na zimwe mu biribwa zishobora kuba zikomeye cyane. Ibyo bivuze ko, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, hashobora kubaho ikibazo gikomeye kandi gishyira ubuzima mu kaga cyitwa "anaphylaxis" , gishobora gutera ingorane zitunguranye zo guhumeka, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu buryo butunguranye, no guta ubwenge.
• Iyo bibaye ikibazo nk'iki, hita ugikoresha. Muganga azakwandikira umuti wihariye. Witwa "Adrenaline" (Epinephrine).Ibi akenshi biza mu gikoresho cyoroshye gukoresha gisa n'ikaramu (epinephrine auto-injection). Muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo azaguhugura uburyo bwo kugikoresha.
• Ugomba guhora ubika uyu muti wa "Adrenaline" (Epinephrine) hafi yawe, cyangwa uri kumwe n'umwana wawe, igihe cyose. Ugomba kuwujyana mu gikapu cyawe cy'ishuri, iyo ugiye gukina, iyo ugiye mu rugendo, aho ujya hose. Ni nk'igikoresho kirokora ubuzima.
• Nanone, ni ngombwa ko wowe, abagize umuryango wawe, n'abazaba bari kwita ku mwana wawe, nk'abarimu b'umwana wawe, mumenya neza uburyo bwo gukoresha uyu muti mu gihe cy'impanuka. Muganga azagusobanurira neza kandi aguhe amahugurwa nibiba ngombwa.

Ubutumwa bw'ingenzi cyane bwo kujyana mu rugo muri ibi byose ni ubu:

Niba ufite amakenga make y’uko hari ubwivumbure mu biribwa, ntugafate icyemezo cyo kureka cyangwa gutangira ibiryo bishya uko ubyifuza. Menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga w’inzobere, ugahabwa inama zikwiye, kandi ugakorerwa ibizamini bikwiye nibiba ngombwa.

• Uburyo bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubwivumbure bw'ibiryo buterwa n'ibinini by'uruhu n'ibizamini by'amaraso bigamije gushaka ubudahangarwa bwa IgE .
• Ibisubizo by'ibizamini "byagaragaje ubwabyo" ntabwo byemeza ko umuntu afite aleriji. Muganga azasuzuma ibintu byinshi, harimo ibimenyetso, amateka y'ubuzima bw'umurwayi, na aleriji yo mu muryango, kugira ngo afate umwanzuro wa nyuma.
• Hari igihe, cyane cyane iyo ibisubizo bitarasobanuka neza, hashobora gukorwa ikibazo cyo kurya mu kanwa kugira ngo harebwe niba aleriji yarashize. Ariko, ibi bigomba gukorwa gusa munsi y’ubugenzuzi butaziguye bwa muganga no mu bitaro.
• Niba muganga yemeje ko ufite aleriji, ntugatinye cyangwa ngo ugire ubwoba, kandi kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukwirinda burundu ibiryo bitera aleriji no guhora ushyira agakoresho ko kwitera "adrenaline" (epinephrine) hafi yawe kugira ngo ukoreshe byihutirwa.

Niba ufite ibindi bibazo kuri ibi, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga w'umuryango wawe cyangwa inzobere mu by'ubwivumbure. Barahari kugira ngo baguhe ubuyobozi bukwiye. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

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