Ese ufite impungenge ko umwana wawe ashobora kuba afite autisme? Reka turebe icyo twakora!

Ese ufite impungenge cyangwa gushidikanya ku mikurire cyangwa imyitwarire y'umwana wawe? Ese utekereza ko umwana wawe ashobora kuba afite indwara ya autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? Ni ibisanzwe kumva umeze utyo. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukuganira na muganga kuri ibyo bibazo niba ufite impungenge kandi ugakorerwa ibizamini bikenewe. Kubera ko abana bafite izi ndwara bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye, kandi iyo izi ndwara zimenyekanye hakiri kare, ubuvuzi bushobora gutangira vuba. Hanyuma ibisubizo biba byiza cyane.

Kuki ugomba gukora ubushakashatsi kuri ibi mbere y'igihe?

Mu magambo make, indwara ya autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ni indwara ikomeye igira ingaruka ku mikurire y'ubwonko bw'umwana. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibanire y'umwana n'abandi, ku bushobozi bwe bwo kuvugana n'abandi, ndetse no ku myitwarire ye. Ariko, si indwara, ahubwo ni indwara .

Ibikoresho bishya byo gusuzuma ubu bidufasha kumenya izi ndwara hakiri kare. Niba umwana wawe akeneye ubufasha bwihariye, ni byiza gutangira hakiri kare. Muri ubwo buryo, umwana wawe azahabwa ubufasha bwinshi kugira ngo agere ku bushobozi bwe bwose.

None se, wagombye gukora iki?

Niba ufite gushidikanya nk'uko ku mwana wawe, hari intambwe nke ushobora gutera. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

1. Banza uganire na muganga w'umwana wawe.

Iyi ni intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi cyane. Ganira neza impungenge zawe zose n'ibyo ushidikanyaho n'umuganga w'abana cyangwa umuganga w'umuryango w'umwana wawe.

• Ni iyihe myitwarire idasanzwe ubona?
• Ese umwana ntabwo abanye neza n'abandi bana?
• Ese byatinze cyane kuvugana?
• Cyangwa uhora ukora ikintu kimwe inshuro nyinshi?

Sobanura ibintu nk'ibi neza. Niba bishoboka, fata amashusho y'umwana wawe akora ikintu kidasanzwe mu rugo, cyangwa imyitwarire iyo ari yo yose ubona ko iteye amakenga. Muri ubwo buryo, bizorohereza muganga/umuganga gusobanukirwa ikibazo.

Tekereza kuri ibi, hari igihe twumva nk'aho umuganga atatumviye, cyangwa se atabifashe nk'ibikwiye. Muri ibyo bihe , ntugatinye kongera kubaza ibibazo. Niba utaranyurwa, ufite uburenganzira bwo kubonana n'undi muganga. Inyungu z'umwana ni zo z'ingenzi cyane.

2. Reba inzobere

Umuganga w'umwana wawe azakumva ibyo uvuga, asuzume umwana wawe, kandi niba afite gushidikanya, azakohereza undi muganga w'inzobere.

Hari inzobere nyinshi zishobora koherezwa mu bihe nk'ibi:

• Impuguke mu by'imitekerereze y'abana: Inzobere mu bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe n'imyitwarire y'abana.
• Impuguke mu by'Iterambere ry'Abana: Inzobere mu kuvura gutinda n'ibibazo mu mikurire y'umubiri, mu mutwe no mu myitwarire y'abana.

Ushobora gutegereza igihe kugira ngo ubone izi nzobere (ushobora kuba uri ku rutonde rw'abategereje), bityo rero ni ngombwa cyane kwiyandikisha vuba bishoboka.

3. Shaka isuzumabumenyi ku bijyanye n'indwara ya autisme

Inzobere izakora isuzuma ryimbitse ry’umwana. Ibi bizareba neza niba umwana agaragaza ibimenyetso bya autisme.

Iri suzuma rishobora kuba rikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kubona amakuru aturutse ku babyeyi ku mikurire y'umwana, imyitwarire ye, n'amateka y'umuryango we.
• Kwitegereza imyitwarire y'umwana, uburyo bwo kuvugana n'abandi, n'ubuhanga bwe mu mibanire n'abandi.
• Wenda hakoreshejwe ibizamini bisanzwe n'ibibazo.

Ibisubizo by'iri suzuma bizagena serivisi zihariye zo kuvura umwana wawe akeneye, nko kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa kuvura indwara z'akazi. Kubwibyo, baza inzobere yawe mbere y'igihe ku bipimo bizakorwa n'igihe bizamara.

4. Isuzuma rimwe na rimwe rishobora no kuba ubuntu!

Ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'igihugu. Ariko, mu bihugu byinshi, cyane cyane ku bana bato (urugero: bari munsi y'imyaka 3), hari serivisi zo gusuzuma ku buntu kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibidindiza iterambere. Izi serivisi zishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa nka gahunda za "Gutabara Hakiri kare".

• Niba umwana wawe akiri muto cyane, banza ubaze ibiro by’abaganga b’ubuzima (MOH) byo mu gace utuyemo, ibitaro by’abana, cyangwa ibigo birera abana.
• Niba umwana wawe afite imyaka irenga 3, ushobora kubona isuzumabumenyi ry’iterambere ku buntu binyuze muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi yo mu gace utuyemo (urugero: amashami y’uburezi bwihariye). Ni byiza kugisha inama inzego zibishinzwe kuri ibi.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Abana benshi bafite ibibazo byo kudakura neza cyangwa ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bungukirwa cyane n'ubuvuzi nka:

• Ubuvuzi bwo mu Mitwe: Bufasha mu bibazo byo kuvuga, ingorane zo gusobanukirwa no gukoresha ururimi.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Bufasha mu mirimo ya buri munsi (kwambara, kurya, gukorana n'ibikinisho) ndetse n'ibibazo byo kumva.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Bufasha mu bintu nko gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kuringaniza imitsi no kuyikomeza.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire: Bufasha kugabanya imyitwarire idakwiye no guteza imbere imyitwarire myiza. Isesengura ry'imyitwarire rikoreshwa (ABA) ni uburyo buzwi cyane muri iki cyiciro.

Saba muganga wawe kohereza serivisi zo kuvura. Hari ubwishingizi bumwe na bumwe bushobora gutanga serivisi. Kubwibyo, banza ubaze ikigo cy'ubwishingizi cyawe kugira ngo urebe uko serivisi zitangwa.

Reka turebere hamwe gato ibijyanye n'ubwishingizi.

Nubwo umwana wawe yaba ataranduye indwara ya autisme, ubwishingizi bwawe bushobora kuba bufite gahunda zo kugisha inama ababyeyi cyangwa gahunda zo guhugura ababyeyi. Baza ikigo cy’ubwishingizi cyawe kugira ngo umenye neza. Hari gahunda z’ubwishingizi zishobora kandi kuba zifite isaha imwe y’ubuvuzi bw’imyitwarire mu cyumweru.

Ibintu ushobora gukora uri kumwe n'umwana wawe mu rugo

Hamwe na serivisi z'ubuvuzi n'ubuvuzi, ushobora kandi gukora ibikorwa byinshi bishimishije mu rugo bifasha umwana wawe guteza imbere ubumenyi bwe mu rurimi n'imibanire ye.

Ese tuzakina hamwe?

• Icara hasi ukine n'umwana wawe. Shyira byibuze iminota 20 ku munsi kuri ibi. Hitamo umukino umwana wawe akunda, maze umureke awuyobore. Mufatanye nawe mu mukino we. Ibi bizanakomeza umubano wanyu n'umwana wanyu.

Reka twigishe mu ntambwe nto.

• Mu gihe wigisha umwana wawe ubuhanga bushya, ntumwigishe bwose icyarimwe, ahubwo gabanyamo intambwe nto kandi zoroshye. Garagaza intambwe imwe hanyuma ufashe umwana wawe kubikora. Iyo umwana wawe amaze gukora intambwe neza, mushimire cyane (urugero, "Hooray! Umuhungu wawe/umukobwa wawe ni umunyabwenge cyane!") hanyuma ukomeze ku ntambwe ikurikiraho.

Tekereza, uramutse urimo kwigisha kwambara inkweto, wabanza kubigisha kwambara inkweto, hanyuma ukabigisha gufata imishumi, hanyuma ukabigisha kuzihambira. Ubu buryo burakora cyane.

Inkunga ituruka muri leta n'izindi nzego

Mu bihugu byinshi, hari imiryango ya leta n'itegamiye kuri leta ifasha imiryango ifite abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe. Ushobora no kureba ahantu hatanga serivisi nk'izo muri Sri Lanka.

• Ibigo bya leta nka Minisiteri y'Imibereho Myiza y'Abaturage .
• Imiryango itari iya leta (ONG) ikorera abana bafite ibibazo byihariye.
• Amatsinda y'Ababyeyi Ashyigikira.

Ushobora kubona amakuru, ubuyobozi, ndetse wenda n'ubufasha bw'amafaranga mu turere nk'utwo.

Ni iki kindi wifuza kumenya?

Hari amakuru menshi yerekeye autisme kuri interineti, ni ukuvuga kuri interineti. Ariko, si yose yizewe. Amwe mu makuru ashobora kuba atari yo cyangwa se ntagire icyo ageza ku mwana wawe.

Kubwibyo, gerageza gushaka amakuru gusa ku masoko yizewe kandi yizewe.

Urugero:

• Imiryango mpuzamahanga nka OMS (Umuryango w’Abibumbye wita ku Buzima).
• Amashyirahamwe y’abaganga yemewe mu gihugu cyawe (urugero, Ishyirahamwe ry’abaganga b’abana bo muri Sri Lanka).
• Imiryango yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga y’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (urugero: Komite Ihuza Ibigo Birwanya Ubwonko `(IACC)`, Ishyirahamwe ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe n’ubwonko`(AANE)`, Ishyirahamwe ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, Ishyirahamwe ry’abafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe `(AANE)`).

Amakuru ari ku mbuga za interineti z'ibigo nk'ibyo akenshi aba ari ukuri kandi agezweho.

Ibuka nk'incamake (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Niba ufite gushidikanya ku mwana wawe, ntukabibike mu mutima wawe ngo ugire agahinda.

• Vugana na muganga ako kanya.
• Reba inzobere niba bibaye ngombwa.
• Kora isuzuma rikwiye.
• Ha umwana serivisi zikenewe zo kumuvura.
• Korana n'umwana wawe mu rugo mu rukundo no kwihangana.
• Ntabwo uri wenyine. Hari abandi babyeyi, abaganga, n'abavuzi bahuye n'ibibazo nk'ibyo nawe wahuye na byo kugira ngo bagufashe muri uru rugendo.

Wibuke ko gufata ingamba hakiri kare ari yo mpano y'agaciro kurusha izindi ushobora guha umwana wawe. Ubikoze, ushobora kumuha imbaraga n'ubuhanga akeneye kugira ngo agire ubuzima bwiza kandi bugire icyo bugeraho.

Ubwenge bwo mu mutwe, imikurire y'umwana, inzobere mu by'imivugire, uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, ubufasha bw'ibanze, ubufasha bw'ababyeyi, ibimenyetso by'indwara zo mu mutwe