Isuzuma rya mbere ry'umwana wawe (Gusura umwana ukiri muto): Reka tuvuge kuri ibi!

Turagushimiye wowe n'umuryango wawe! Ibyishimo ugira iyo umwana muto aje muri iyi si ntibishobora kugaragazwa mu magambo. Rero, umwana akimara kuvuka, azasuzumwa bwa mbere na muganga mu bitaro. Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Reka turebe uko bizagenda muri iki gihe n'icyo ukwiye kwitega.

Ni iki kiba mu bitaro?

Mu bitaro, umuganga n'umuforomo bazafatanya kwita ku mwana wawe. Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayika, ibi byose bikorwa ku buzima bw'umwana.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura imikurire y'umwana

Ubwa mbere, bapima ibiro by'umwana wawe, uburebure bwe, n'umuzenguruko w'umutwe we . Hanyuma bandika ibi bipimo ku "mbonerahamwe y'imikurire". Uku ni ko basobanukirwa niba umwana arimo gukura neza.

Ibibazo bikugenewe, Inama zigufitiye

Hanyuma, umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azabaza ibibazo bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kwita ku mwana wawe. Iki ni igihe cyiza cyo kuganira na we ku bibazo cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite. Bazaguha inama z'ingirakamaro.

Kugaburira

• Konsa : Bavuga ko amashereka ari yo ndyo nziza ku mwana . Ariko, niba rimwe na rimwe konsa bigorana, amashereka y'ifu ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gutanga indyo ikenewe ku mwana wawe. Abana bavutse bagomba kugaburirwa iyo bashonje. Ibi bivuze ko buri saha 1 kugeza kuri 3. Muganga cyangwa umuforomo ashobora kukwitegereza umwonsa kandi akagufasha niba hari ikibazo.
• Kugaburira amata y'ifu: Umwana wonsa amata y'ifu azanywa ingano ya ounces 1-1.5 (mililitiro 30-45) icyarimwe.
• Kugaburira inyana: Ntukibagirwe kugaburira inyana gusa iyo yuzuye kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa yuzuye nyuma yo kugaburira. Uko inyana ikura, ingano y'amata inywa iriyongera, bityo umubare w'amata yo kugaburira ku munsi ugabanuka.

Uburyo bwo Kwiyuhagira no Kunyara

• Ingano yo kunyara : Umwana wonsa azanyara rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi kugeza igihe amashereka ya nyina azagera neza. Mu minsi 3-5, buri mwana agomba kuba amaze kurya amashereka agera kuri 6 ku munsi .
• Uko banyara: Abana bavutse bashobora kwinyara rimwe ku munsi mu minsi mike ya mbere. Mu minsi mike ya mbere, amabyi yabo aba umukara wijimye kandi agakomeza . Nyuma y'iminsi 3-4, ahinduka nk'amazi kandi asa n'icyatsi kibisi n'umuhondo . Abana bonsa bakunze kwinyara inshuro nyinshi ku munsi, mu gihe abana bonsa amata badakunda kwinyara kenshi. Ibi ni ibisanzwe.Ntutinye, sibyo?

Gusinzira

Umwana uvutse ashobora gusinzira amasaha agera kuri 14-17 mu masaha 24. Ariko, ahora abyuka (haba ku manywa na nijoro) kugira ngo yonse.

• Abana bonsa bakunze kubyuka kugira ngo bonse buri saha 1-3 .
• Abana bonsa amata bakunze gusinzira igihe kirekire, bakanguka buri masaha 2-4 (amata atwara igihe kirekire kugira ngo agogorwe, bityo umwana yumva yuzuye).
• Kugeza igihe icyana cy’imbwa kigize ibiro neza, ari na byo byumweru bike bya mbere, ntukagireke kiryama amasaha arenga 4 hagati yo kugitanga. Nyuma y’ibyo, nta kibazo kirimo ko cyaryama igihe kirekire.

Iterambere ry'Umwana

Abana bavutse bagomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Bareba cyane amasura n'ibintu bifite urumuri rwinshi biri nko kuri santimetero 20-30 uvuye aho bari.
• Asubiza amajwi - ashobora kwirengagiza ijwi rya mama cyangwa papa, kwicara bucece, guhumeka , kunyeganyega, cyangwa kurira.
• Amaboko n'amaguru biguma binamye .
• Izi myitwarire karemano (`reflexes z'impinja`) zigomba kuba nziza:
• Gushyira imizi no konka : Iyo ikintu gishyizwe hafi y'iminwa, umwana ahindukiza umutwe we muri urwo cyerekezo maze agatangira konka amata.
• Gufata neza: Iyo ushyize urutoki mu kiganza cyawe, uzarufata neza.
• Ishusho ya Fencer: Iyo umutwe werekejwe ku ruhande rumwe, ukuboko kuri urwo ruhande kurambura naho ukuboko ku rundi ruhande kuragorama.
• Moro reflex (igisubizo cyo gutungurwa): Iyo bitunguranye, amaboko n'amaguru bijugunywa hanze hanyuma bigasubizwamo.

Isuzuma ry'umubiri wose

Imbere yawe, umwana azamburwa imyenda maze hakorwe isuzuma ry’umubiri wose . Ibi bizaba birimo gusuzuma amaso y’umwana, kumva umutima w’umwana, kugenzura uko umutima utera, kugenzura umuvuduko w’inkari, no kugenzura uruti rw’umugongo rw’umwana, ikibuno n’amaguru.

Bimwe mu Bipimo Bidasanzwe byo Gusuzuma

Hakorwa kandi ibizamini byinshi byihariye (`ibipimo byo gusuzuma`) kugira ngo harebwe indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwangiza umwana.

• Ibi bizamini bikorwa hakoreshejwe igitonyanga gito cy'amaraso mu gatsinsino k'imbwa .
• Nanone, mbere yo kuva mu bitaro , umwana apimwa uburyo yumva (`hearing test`) kandi hagapimwa urugero rwa ogisijeni .

Inkingo za Mbere

Umwana wawe agomba guhabwa inkingo ze za mbere mu bitaro. Izi nkingo zirinda abana indwara zikomeye zo mu bwana.Ni ngombwa kubona inkingo zawe ku gihe. Gahunda y'inkingo ishobora gutandukana gato, bityo vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye neza ibirimo kuba.

Ibi ujye ubibuka kugeza igihe uzasuzumirwa ubutaha

Wite kuri ibi bintu kugeza igihe uzasuzumirwa ubutaha, bizaba mu minsi mike.

Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kugaburira

Ku babyeyi bonsa

• Fasha umwana wawe gufunga neza : Fungura umunwa wawe cyane, shyira ururimi rwawe munsi yawo, hanyuma winjize igituza cyawe mu kanwa uko bishoboka kose.
• Ntugakoreshe amacupa cyangwa uturindantoki kugeza igihe umwana wawe amenyerewe neza konsa.
• Konsa umwana wawe igihe cyose ashonje .
• Itondere ibimenyetso byerekana ko umwana wawe yuzuye (urugero, kwikura ku ibere, kumupfuka umunwa).
• Fata vitamine yawe yo mu gihe cyo kubyara cyangwa multivitamine buri munsi.

Ku babyeyi bonsa amata y'ifu

• Ha umwana wawe amata y’ifu akozwe mu byuma .
• Kurikiza amabwiriza ari ku ipaki ya formula neza neza mugihe ukora kandi ubika amacupa.
• Ntugashyiremo amazi y'inyongera ku ifu y'umwana wawe.
• Ntugafate amacupa cyangwa ngo uryamishe umwana wawe afite icupa mu kanwa ke.
• Ha umwana wawe icupa ry'amata igihe cyose ashonje .
• Itondere ibimenyetso byerekana ko umwana wawe yuzuye (urugero, kuva mu icupa, kumupfuka umunwa).

Uburyo bwo kwita ku mwana wawe buri munsi (Ubuvuzi bw'abana bwa buri munsi)

• Karaba intoki zawe neza mbere yo gufata umwana. Jyana umwana kure y'abantu barwaye.
• Fata umwana, umwiteho. Ntushobora kwangiza umwana ukiri mu nda.
• Shyira agatambaro munsi y'umugozi w'inkondo y'umura kugira ngo kame. Umugozi w'inkondo y'umura ukunze kugwa mu minsi 10-14.
• Siga agahu gato k'amavuta ku gitsina cyangwa imbere y'igitsina cy'abahungu bakorewe imibonano mpuzabitsina .
• Umwana w'umukobwa ashobora kuva amaraso mu gitsina mu cyumweru cya mbere cy'ubuzima bwe . Ibi nta mpungenge bifite.
• Komeza umubiri utose ('kwiyuhagira mu cyuma') kugeza igihe umugozi w'inkondo uguye, kandi ku muhungu, aho gukebwa hakize. Gerageza amazi ushyiremo ukuboko kwawe kugira ngo urebe niba bishyushye cyane. Koresha amasabune n'amavuta yo kwisiga adafite impumuro nziza .

Igihe cyo Kubonana na Muganga

Muri ibi bihe, ugomba kubonana na muganga:

• Iyo urebye hepfo (mu gice cy'uruhinja) rw'uruhinjaNiba umuriro uri kuri dogere selisiyusi 38 cyangwa hejuru .
• Niba imbwa y'imbwa igaragaza ibimenyetso by'uburwayi , itarya, idakaraba , cyangwa ngo ivange.
• Niba utafashe neza cyangwa ngo wonse neza mu gihe wonsa.
• Niba utanyuzwe no konsa.
• Iyo umubiri usa n'umuhondo (jaundice) .
• Niba agace gakikije umukondo w'inkondo cyangwa aho basize ari umutuku kandi kameze nk'ibibyimba .
• Ntugatange umuti utabanje kuvugana na muganga.

Ubuzima bwiza bwa Mama nabwo ni ingenzi!

Ni ibisanzwe ko ababyeyi bavutse rimwe na rimwe bumva bananiwe kandi baremerewe . Ariko niba ibyo byiyumvo bikomeye cyane, niba wumva ubabaye, urakaye igihe cyose, cyangwa uhangayitse, vugana na muganga wawe .

Uhangayikishijwe n'imibereho?

Ese uhangayikishijwe n'imibereho yawe? Ese ufite ibintu ukeneye kugira ngo wite ku mwana wawe? Ese ufite ibiryo bihagije, ahantu hatekanye ho kuba, ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima? Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi. Ashobora kukubwira ibijyanye n'umutungo rusange cyangwa akakohereza ku mukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage.

Umutekano Mbere ya byose!

Ni gute wakwirinda indwara y’impfu z’uruhinja zitunguranye (SIDS)?

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. `SIDS` ni urupfu rutunguranye rw'umwana rudafite impamvu igaragara. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde ko rwaba:

• Mu gihe uryamisha umwana wawe, buri gihe umuryamishe areba hejuru, kuri matelas irambuye kandi ikomeye, mu gitanda cy'umwana cyangwa mu gitanda. Ntukaryamishe umwana wawe aryamye inda ye cyangwa ku ruhande. Ntugashyire amagufwa, ibiringiti, imisego, cyangwa ibikinisho byoroshye ku mpande z'igitanda cy'umwana.
• Konsa ibere niba bishoboka.
• Shyira umwana wawe mu cyumba cye cyo kuraramo, iruhande rw'igitanda cyawe, kugeza ku isabukuru ye ya mbere y'amavuko, cyangwa nibura mu gihe cy'amezi 6. Iki ni cyo gihe ibyago byo kurwara SIDS biba byinshi. (Gusangira igitanda ntibyemewe.)
• Komeza ubushyuhe bw'icyumba kandi wirinde ko umwana ashyuha cyane . Ambika umwana ukurikije ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, ntumwambike imyenda irenze urugero . Ntupfuke umutwe w'umwana mu gihe asinziriye. Reba niba afite ibyuya kandi niba umubiri we wumva ushyushye uwukozeho.
• Niba umwana wawe abikunze, mureke aryamane n'icyuma gikingira umwana . Niba umwana wawe yanze icyo gikingira umwana, ntukishyiremo agahato. Niba icyo gikingira umwana kimizwe asinziriye, ntukigaruremo. Niba wonsa, ntukamuhe icyo gikingira umwana kugeza igihe amenyereye konsa neza.
• Ntureke umwana wawe aryame ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose kitagenewe abana.Urugero, ibintu nk'ibikoresho byo kwicaraho (nk'intebe zo mu modoka), imisego yo kugaburira abana, n'udukarito tw'abana bato.
• Ntugakoreshe ibikoresho bivuga ko bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara SIDS (nk'ibikoresho byo guhagarara ku bitotsi cyangwa ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w'umutima w'umwana n'uburyo ahumeka). Nta bikoresho bikora ibi mu by'ukuri.
• Menya neza ko ahantu hose uryama cyangwa ikintu cyose ukoresha mu gusinzira k'umwana wawe byemewe n'ikigo cyizewe, nka Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w'ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi muri Amerika (CPSC). (Niba uri muri Sri Lanka, hitamo ibintu byemejwe ko bifite umutekano kandi byujuje ibisabwa.)

Izindi nama z'umutekano

• Ntukanywe itabi cyangwa ngo ukoreshe itabi ry'ikoranabuhanga. Ntukagire uwo ureka ngo anywe itabi cyangwa anywe umwuka wera hafi y'umwana wawe.
• Buri gihe shyira umwana wawe mu ntebe y'inyuma y'imodoka, mu ntebe y'inyuma y'imodoka .
• Ntuzigere usiga umwana wawe wenyine mu modoka.
• Ntugasige umwana wawe wenyine iyo ari maso, cyane cyane ahantu hirengeye cyangwa mu gihe arimo koga.
• Ntuzigere unyeganyeza umwana wawe - bishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu bwonko ndetse no gupfa. Niba wumva ushobora kubabaza umwana wawe, shyira umwana wawe mu buriri cyangwa ahantu hatekanye mu gihe cy'iminota mike hanyuma uhamagare inshuti, umuvandimwe, cyangwa muganga wawe kugira ngo agufashe.
• Rinda umwana wawe izuba umupfutse kandi umushyire mu gicucu uko bishoboka kose. Ntabwo byemewe ko ukoresha imiti yo kwisiga ku zuba ku bana bari munsi y'amezi 6. Ariko, niba igicucu n'imyenda bidatanga uburinzi buhagije, umwana uri munsi y'amezi 6 ashobora gusigwa amavuta make yo kwisiga ku zuba.

Izi mpapuro zo kwipimisha zijyanye n'amabwiriza ya American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)/Bright Futures.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Bityo rero, gusuzumwa kwa muganga w’uruhinja bwa mbere ni intambwe y’ingenzi cyane mu rugendo rw’ubuzima bw’uruhinja.

Ntutinye, ubaze ibibazo, kandi wumve neza ibyo muganga n'umuforomo bavuga. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe wowe n'umwana wawe.

Igikuru ni ukwita ku byo umwana arya, ibitotsi bye, imikurire ye, n'umutekano we. Nk'umubyeyi, ubuzima bwawe nabwo ni ingenzi. Niyo ufite ubuzima bwiza gusa ushobora kwita ku mwana wawe neza. Bityo rero, twese twifurije wowe n'umwana wawe intangiriro nziza kandi nziza y'uru rugendo rushya!

Ubuzima bw'uruhinja , isuzuma rya mbere ry'ubuzima, kwita ku ruhinja, konsa, amata, gusinzira kw'uruhinja, kwirinda indwara za SIDA