Niba urwaye indwara y’impyiko idakira (CKD), cyangwa uri kuvurwa na dialyse, muganga wawe ashobora kuba yarakwandikiye umuti witwa 'Fosphate Binders'. Ushobora kuba wibaza uti: "Uyu muti ni uwuhe? Kuki ngomba kuwufata?" Ntutinye. Uyu munsi, tuzaganira kuri ibi mu buryo bworoshye, bwumvikana kandi bwiza.
Reka tubanze turebe, iyi 'phosphate' ni iki?
Muri make, fosifate ni imyunyu ngugu y'ingenzi ku mibiri yacu. Nk'uko dukeneye sima n'amatafari kugira ngo twubake inzu, dukeneye fosifate kugira ngo twubake amagufwa n'amenyo meza, kugira ngo tubone ingufu ku turemangingo twacu, kandi tugakora molekile za ADN zirimo amakuru yacu ya genetiki. Ibi tubikura mu byo turya n'ibyo tunywa.
Ku muntu muzima, impyiko zikora nk'akayunguruzo. Zifata ingano ya fosifate umubiri ukeneye hanyuma zigasohora inyinshi mu nkari. Ariko, ku muntu urwaye impyiko zidakira, iyi mikorere y'impyiko irahungabana. Hanyuma , fosifate irenze itangira kwirundanya mu maraso aho gusohoka mu mubiri. Ibi tubyita hyperphosphatemia.
None se ibi bifunga fosfeti ni iki?
Noneho, igice cy'ingenzi kiraza. Fosfate binders ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'umuti bubuza fosfeti nyinshi mu byo turya kwinjira mu maraso yacu iva mu mara yacu.
Tekereza muri ubu buryo. Iyo ufata uyu muti uri kurya, ujya mu nda yawe ugafata ku duce twa fosifate mu byo urya. Ni nk'ingufu ifata ifu y'icyuma. Iyi fosifate "ihambiriye", kuko idashobora kwinjiza mu mubiri, isohoka mu mubiri wawe mu mwanda wawe. Ibi bifasha kugenzura ingano ya fosifate yirundanya mu maraso yawe.
Iyo urugero rwa fosifate mu maraso rwiyongereye, ruhurirana na kalisiyumu mu mubiri bigatuma amagufwa yacu acika intege. Ikibabaje kurushaho ni uko rushobora kwishyira ku nkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso ikayifunga. Ibi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke.
Ni ibihe biribwa birimo fosifate nyinshi? Reka tubimenye neza!
Kimwe no gufata imiti, ni ngombwa kandi kumenya no kugenzura ibiryo birimo fosifore nyinshi. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza bimwe mu biribwa bifite fosifore nyinshi. Ntabwo ugomba kubyirinda burundu, ariko ni ngombwa kugenzura ingano y'ibyo urya, ubigiriwemo inama na muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire.
| Icyiciro cy'ibiribwa | Ingero |
|---|---|
| Amata n'ibikomoka ku mata | Amata, yawurute, foromaje (cyane cyane foromaje yatunganyijwe) |
| Ibiryo byatunganyijwe n'ibiryo byihuse | Sosiso, inyama z'inyama, jambon, bacon, noodles zihuse |
| Imbuto n'ibinyamisogwe | Ifu y'ibishyimbo, ubunyobwa, intete, ubunyobwa, ibishyimbo bibisi |
| Ibinyobwa birimo karubone nka soda | Ibinyobwa bidasembuye bifite ibara ryijimye nka cola |
| Ibinyampeke by'ifu | Ingano, ingano, umuceri hamwe n'ibinyampeke |
Uyu muti ukoreshwa ute?
Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
Iyi miti igomba gufatwa hamwe n'amafunguro. Ibi biterwa nuko fosifate iri mu biryo igomba kwinjira mu gifu mbere yuko igera mu mara. Bitewe n'ubwoko bw'imiti ufata, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo:
- Guhekenya no kumira ibiryo iminota 10-15 mbere yo kurya.
- Guhekenya no kumira ukimara gutangira kurya.
- Mirira ikinini cyose hamwe n'iminwa ibiri cyangwa itatu ya mbere yuzuye ibiryo.
- Niba ari ifu, ishongeshe mu mazi hanyuma uyinywe hamwe n'ibiryo bibiri cyangwa bitatu bya mbere.
- Guhekenya no kumira ukimara kurangiza kurya.
Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe indi miti iyo ari yo yose ufata (vitamine, imiti y’izindi ndwara), kuko imiti imwe n’imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri iyi miti ifata fosifeti.
Ese ibifunga fosfeti bigira ingaruka mbi?
Kimwe n'indi miti yose, iyi ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi nto. Akenshi, izi ntabwo ziba zikomeye. Nyuma y'igihe runaka, umubiri wawe uramenyera.
- Kubabara mu nda
- Isesemi no kuruka
- Kuzuza igifu, kuzuza umwuka
- Impatwe
- Impiswi
- Ihinduka ry'ibara ry'umwanda (ibi ni ibisanzwe, ntugire ikibazo)
- Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe birimo kalisiyumu bishobora kongera urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso.
Niba izi ngaruka mbi zikubangamiye cyane cyangwa zigoye kwihanganira, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe.
Bigenda bite iyo uhagaritse gufata imiti nta nama za muganga?
Ntukagire icyo ukora. Nuhagarika gufata uyu muti mu buryo butunguranye utabanje kugirwa inama na muganga, urugero rwa fosifate mu maraso yawe ruzongera kwiyongera vuba. Ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:
- Kuryarya umubiri wose
- Ububabare bw'iminwa n'intoki
- Kubabara amagufwa, cyane cyane mu kibuno no mu bitugu
- Umubiri udafite ubuzima
- Ubutukura bw'amaso
- Ingaruka zo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'amagufwa ziyongera
Ni ryari ngomba kongera kubonana na muganga?
Niba ingaruka mbi zikomeye cyangwa ntizigende neza uko igihe kigenda, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Byongeye kandi, rimwe na rimwe urugero rwinshi rwa fosifate mu maraso rushobora gutera urugero ruke rwa kalisiyumu mu mubiri. Ibi byitwa hypocalcemia. Bibwire muganga wawe ako kanya niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira:
- Kuribwa imitsi
- Ibibazo byo kwibuka
- Kumva urakaye
- Ubumuga bw'iminwa, ururimi, intoki, cyangwa ibirenge
- Ugutera kw'umutima mu buryo butari bwo (Arrhythmia)
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Imiti ifata fosfeti ni umuti w'ingenzi ugenzura urugero rwa fosfeti mu maraso y'abarwayi b'impyiko.
- Buri gihe fata uyu muti hamwe n'ibiryo, nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse .
- Ntugahagarike gufata imiti nta nama za muganga ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose.
- Niba ingaruka mbi zikomeye cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso byo kubura kalisiyumu (guhinda umushyitsi, gucika intege), bwira muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Uretse imiti, kugenzura indyo yawe irimo fosifeti nyinshi nabyo ni ingenzi cyane. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi.
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