Igice cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma amaso: Reka twige ku bijyanye na Retinoscopy.

Ese wigeze ukorerwa isuzuma ry'amaso? Cyangwa wigeze ujyana umwana wawe kwa muganga w'amaso? Icyo gihe, ushobora kuba warumvise ijambo 'retinoscopy'. Mu by'ukuri iyi ni intambwe y'ingenzi cyane mu isuzuma ry'amaso. Uyu munsi, turaganira ku cyo iyi retinoscopy ari cyo, icyo ikora, n'akamaro kayo.

Retinoscopy ni iki?

Muri make, retinoscopy ni ikizamini cyihariye abaganga b'amaso bakoresha kugira ngo bapime neza ibyo ubona, cyangwa amakosa yo kureba mu maso yawe. Bakoresha igikoresho cyihariye gifatwa n'intoki n'urumuri kugira ngo babikore. Uru rumuri rwoherezwa mu jisho ryawe, aho rugera kuri retina iri inyuma y'ijisho ryawe, hanyuma rukagaruka inyuma.

Nubwo muri iyi minsi hari uburyo bushya bwinshi bwo gusuzuma amaso, ubu buryo bwitwa retinoscopy buracyakunzwe cyane. Akenshi bukorwa nk'igice cy'isuzuma ry'amaso risanzwe.

Ubu buryo ni ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma amaso y'abadashobora kubwira muganga ibibazo byabo. Tekereza, umwana muto yakubwira ate uko abona?

Nanone:

• Ku bana bato cyane (ndetse no kuva bakivuka)
• Ku bantu batumva ururimi ruvugwa na muganga kandi bafite imbogamizi mu rurimi
• Ku bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe
• Iki kizamini ni ingenzi cyane iyo bigeze ku gutanga indorerwamo z'amaso ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'ubwonko bifitanye isano n'izabukuru (urugero: dementia) .

Ikindi kintu ni uko uburyo bwihariye bwitwa retinoscopy bushobora no kumenya niba amaso yawe afite ibibazo byo kwibanda ku ntera zitandukanye.

Ibi bikora bite?

Noneho reka turebe uko iki kizamini cya retinoscopy gikora. Iyo urumuri rwinjiye mu jisho ryawe, runyura mu mboni n'indorerwamo imbere mu jisho, rugakubita kuri retina inyuma y'ijisho. Hanyuma urumuri rugaruka inyuma, nk'uko urumuri rugaragara mu ndorerwamo.

Uru rumuri rugaragara rutuma imboni y'ijisho ryawe isa n'umutuku, cyangwa ikabengerana. Abaganga babyita `Fundus reflex` cyangwa `Red reflex` . Ushobora kuba warabonye ko rimwe na rimwe iyo ufotoye, amaso yawe asa n'umutuku, ari byo bibaho.

Ubusanzwe, isuzuma ry'amaso rizapima ubushobozi bwawe bwo kureba, ari nabyo bigaragaza ubushobozi bwawe bwo kureba 20/20 . 20/20 ni urwego amaso abiri mazima ashobora kubona neza. Ku muntu ufite uru rwego rwo kureba, imirasire y'urumuri igaragara muri retina igomba kuba iringaniye iyo isohoka mu jisho.

Ariko niba ufite ikosa ryo kureba kure - kureba hafi, kureba kure, cyangwa astigmatism - iyi mirasire y'urumuri iragoramye kandi ntisohoka mu murongo ugororotse. Icyo gihe ni bwo umuganga w'amaso akoresha retinoscopy kugira ngo arebe ubwoko bw'indorerwamo zizatuma iyo mirasire y'urumuri isohoka ijyanye. Iryo kosora ni ryo muganga wawe agusabye. Urabyumva?

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe retinoscopy?

Iki kizamini cya retinoscopy gishobora kandi gufasha gusuzuma izindi ndwara z'amaso. Urugero:

• Amblyopia: Iyi nanone yitwa "ijisho ry'ubunebwe." Ni indwara aho ijisho rimwe ritabona neza kurusha irindi. Iyo rigaragaye hakiri kare, rirashobora kuvurwa.
• Presbyopia: Iyi ni indwara ifata abantu benshi barengeje imyaka 40. Ni indwara ituma udashobora kubona ibintu byegereye neza, nko kureba igitabo cyangwa ikinyamakuru, cyangwa gushyira urushinge mu ruziga.
• Strabismus: Ibi ni byo twita cross-eye . Ni igihe amaso ahindukiye ku mpande zitandukanye aho kwerekeza mu cyerekezo kimwe. Ni ngombwa kandi kubimenya vuba.

Ni iki wakwitega mbere y'ikizamini?

Kenshi na kenshi, ntukenera gukora ikintu kidasanzwe kugira ngo witegure retinoscopy (cyangwa isuzuma ryuzuye ry'amaso ririmo ibi). Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, hashobora kubaho utuntu duto ushobora gukora. Niba hari ibyo, muganga wawe w'amaso azakubwira mbere yo kubisuzuma. Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso, muganga wawe azakubwira igihe ugomba kubikuramo mbere yo kubisuzuma.

Mbere yo gukora retinoscopy isanzwe, umuganga w'amaso azagushyira ibitonyanga byihariye by'amaso (imiti ya cycloplegic) mu maso. Iyi miti ibuza amaso yawe kugerageza kwibanda ku maso mu gihe cyo gusuzuma. Iyo ibikoze, bizagora umuganga kumenya neza umubare w'indorerwamo zawe.

Ariko, niba muganga agiye gukora igikorwa cyihariye cyitwa dynamic retinoscopy , ibi bitonyanga ntibizakoreshwa mbere kuko ikizamini giterwa n'uburyo amaso yawe yibandaho mu buryo busanzwe.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma, uzicara mu ntebe mu cyumba cyijimye. Umuganga w'amaso azicara imbere yawe. Kimwe mu bikoresho bazakoresha ni retinoscope . Iki ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu ntoki gisa n'urumuri rukomeye n'ikirahure gikurura ibintu. Gishobora kumurika urumuri mu jisho ryawe no kurireba neza.

Igikurikiraho cy'ingenzi ni ukwambara indorerwamo z'ubunini butandukanye no kureba impinduka mu rumuri imboni y'ijisho ryawe ibona. Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubikora:

• Igishushanyo: Iki ni igikoresho gisa n'ikinyugunyugu gikwira mu maso hawe gifite imyobo ibiri kugira ngo urebe. Gifite indorerwamo zitandukanye, bityo muganga ashobora gushyiramo buri kirahuri vuba.
• Indorerwamo zifatanwa n'intoki: Izi zishobora kuza mu buryo bwa "ikarita ya lenzi," bivuze ko buri ngano ya lenzi ihambiriwe ku rupapuro rurerure. Cyangwa zishobora kuza ari indorerwamo "zidafite aho zibogamiye". Nubwo indorerwamo zishobora guhindurwa vuba kuva ku ikarita ya lenzi, iyo ukoresha indorerwamo ku giti cyawe, ugomba kwitonda cyane iyo ushyizemo buri ndanga imwe imwe.

Iyo umuganga amurikiye ijisho ryawe urumuri binyuze muri iyi lenzi, yitwa retinoscope, areba impinduka zihariye mu ishusho y'umutuku igaragara mu mboni yawe. Izi mpinduka ni izi:

• Ingendo z'ikirahuri: Muganga ashobora kumenya niba ikirahuri gifite ingano ikwiye, ari gito cyane, cyangwa kinini cyane arebye uburyo iki kirahuri kigenda kigaruka.
• Inguni yo kureba: Iyi nguni yo kureba niyo ifasha muganga kumenya niba ufite astigmatism (indwara aho kureba biba bitameze neza bitewe n'impinduka nto mu ishusho y'ijisho).
• Ishusho ya lens: Iyo umaze kubona indorerwamo zikubereye, uko iyi lens igaragara nabyo bizahinduka.

Mu gihe muganga amurikira ijisho ryawe akoresheje lenti, azamura urumuri hejuru no hasi, ibumoso n'iburyo, ndetse no mu nshuro nyinshi. Nanone ahindura lenti bakoresha. Babikora inshuro nyinshi, bagahagarara hagati kugira ngo bahindure urumuri kuri retinoscope, cyangwa bafate inyandiko.

Dynamic Retinoscopy ni iki?

Retinoscopy ni uburyo bwihariye bwo gusuzuma amaso yawe kugira ngo urebe ibintu biri hafi yawe, ari na bwo gupima ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwibandaho. Ubu bushobozi bwo kwibandaho hafi bwitwa accommodation . Dynamic Retinoscopy ni uburyo umuhanga mu by'amaso ashobora gukoresha kugira ngo apime ubwo bushobozi.

Niba umuganga wawe akoresha Dynamic Retinoscopy kugira ngo arebe ubushobozi bw'ijisho ryawe bwo kureba neza, ikizamini kiba kimwe cyane n'icya mbere, ariko gishobora kudakoresha lenses zo gukuza. Ahubwo, umuganga wawe azagusaba kureba ibintu biri ku ntera zitandukanye. Hari ibintu bizaba biri hagati yawe na muganga, mu gihe ibindi bizaba biri inyuma ya muganga (ariko bigaragara ku ruhande rwa muganga cyangwa hejuru y'urutugu rwe).

Iyo urebye ibi bintu, muganga areba urumuri ruri mu mboni yawe akoresheje urumuri rwa retinoscope ye. Uburyo urumuri rugenda ni bwo muganga agena niba ubushobozi bw'amaso yawe bwo kwibanda (kwihanganira) bukora neza.

Ni iki wakwitega nyuma y'ikizamini?

Niba muganga wawe yarakoresheje ibitonyanga by'amaso (imiti ya cycloplegic) kugira ngo yagure imboni yawe cyangwa ahagarike amaso yawe kwibanda ku kintu runaka, amaso yawe azakomeza kwaguka igihe runaka nyuma yo gupimwa. Igihe bifata kugira ngo iyi miti ishire kiratandukanye. Ubusanzwe bishobora gufata amasaha make. Inzobere mu by'amaso izakubwira igihe bizamara.

Muri iki gihe, kureba kwawe gushobora kuba kutagaragara neza, kandi ushobora kumva ubabaye inyuma. Kubwibyo, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha indorerwamo z'izuba z'igihe gito (`sunshades`) zo kwambara. Kubera ko ibitonyanga by'amaso bibuza irisi yawe kugabanuka mu rumuri rwinshi kandi bikagabanya urumuri rwinjira mu maso yawe.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'iki kizamini?

Mu by’ukuri, nta ngaruka zikomeye cyangwa ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa na retinoscopy. Imiti ya cycloplegic yavuzwe haruguru ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nto, ariko akenshi iba nto (urugero: gutukura gato mu maso, kuribwa). Hari abantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kumva urumuri rwinshi (rwitwa photophobia ) bashobora gusanga bimwe mu bice bya retinoscopy bigoye. Niba ufite ubwo burwayi, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe w’amaso mbere yo kubagwa. Ushobora kandi kuganira na muganga wawe ku bibazo cyangwa impungenge ufite ku ngaruka mbi z’ibitonyanga by’amaso.

Ubona ute ibisubizo?

Nyuma yuko umuganga w'amaso arangije gupima amaso, azabara imiti yawe (cyangwa iy'uwo ukunda niba ikizamini kirimo gukorwa) ku ndorerwamo zawe, cyangwa imiti yo kureba. Iyi miti ni kimwe neza n'imiti ubona mu isuzuma rya "refraction". Muganga wawe azagusobanurira byose kuri iyi miti n'icyo izakumarira.

Bite ho niba ibisubizo bitagaragaje ko umuntu abona neza (20/20)?

Niba ibisubizo byerekana ko wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda mudafite "amaso 20/20" asanzwe, ntugire ikibazo. Inzobere mu by'amaso izakubwira uburyo bwo gukosora amaso yawe.

Ibi bikunze gukoreshwa kuri:

• Indorerwamo z'amaso
• Indorerwamo z'amaso

Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kubagwa amaso neza nka 'LASIK' bitewe n'inama za muganga.

Muri make (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Guhabwa imiti myiza ni nk'ikoti ryakozwe kugira ngo rigupime kandi rikubereye neza. Umuganga w'amaso ukoresha retinoscopy ni nk'umudozi w'umuhanga, udoda intoki buri doshi kugira ngo igukwirane neza.

Nubwo ubu buryo, bwitwa retinoscopy, bumaze imyaka irenga 150, buracyari uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu isuzuma ry’amaso risanzwe. Rero, byaba kuri wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda, ushobora kwizera ko umuhanga mu by’amaso azakoresha retinoscopy kugira ngo aguhe imiti myiza ijyanye n’ibyo ukeneye.

Nta kintu na kimwe cyo gutinya cyangwa gukeka kuri ibi. Iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane ku buzima bw'amaso yawe.

Rero ubutaha ugiye kwisuzumisha amaso ukabaza ibijyanye na retinoscopy, ubu uzi akamaro kayo n'ingirakamaro!

Retinoscopy , isuzuma ry'amaso, kureba, amakosa yo kuvura amaso, abaganga b'amaso, retina, indorerwamo z'amaso