Ese umutwe mubi cyane wagize mu buzima bwawe? Ese byaba ari RCVS? (Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome)

Tekereza ko uri mu kaga, hanyuma mu buryo butunguranye, mu gihe kitarenze isegonda rimwe, ukagira umutwe mubi cyane wigeze kugira mu buzima bwawe ... nk'inkuba ikubise umutwe. Mu buvuzi, ibi tubyita "Umutwe ukubita cyane." Iki ni cyo kimenyetso gikunze kandi gikomeye cy'indwara tuvuga uyu munsi, RCVS. Umutwe nk'uyu ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi gisaba kuvurwa vuba.

RCVS ni iki mu buryo bworoshye?

Mu magambo make, Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) ni indwara aho imiyoboro y'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe ihita ifungana igafunga. Ni nk'aho umuyoboro w'amazi upfundikirwa mu buryo butunguranye. Iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso ifunze muri ubu buryo, ubwonko ntibubona amaraso bukeneye. Niyo mpamvu ubabara umutwe nk'uw'inkuba navuze mbere.

Ijambo "reversible" mu izina ry'iyi ndwara risobanura ko ishobora gusubizwa inyuma iyo ivuwe neza . Ariko, iyo itavuwe, ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nko gucika imitsi cyangwa kuva amaraso mu bwonko. Hari igihe ibimenyetso bisa cyane n'iby'umutwe cyangwa gucika imitsi, bigatuma bigorana gutandukanya ibyo byombi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso byose bya RCVS biterwa no kutumvikana kw'amaraso agera mu bwonko. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo bimenyetso.

Ni iki gitera RCVS?

Imitsi yacu y'amaraso ifite imitsi yoroshye imbere. Iyi mitsi igenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso binyuze mu kwihagarika no kuruhuka. Ariko rimwe na rimwe iyi mitsi ihita icika intege cyane. Ibi tubyita "vasospasm". Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera RCVS.

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma iyi ndwara (vasospasm) ibaho.

Gutwita no mu gihe cyo nyuma yo kubyara

Impamvu ikunze gutera RCVS ni ugutwita. Ingaruka z'iyi ndwara ziba nyinshi cyane mu byumweru bitandatu bya mbere nyuma yo kubyara. Bikekwa ko ibi biterwa n'impinduka zitunguranye mu misemburo. Izi ngaruka zishobora kubaho nubwo udafite indwara nka preeclampsia mu gihe utwite.

Imiti imwe n'imwe n'ikoreshwa ry'imiti

RCVS ishobora guterwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe.

• Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura indwara yo kwiheba, cyane cyane iyo mu itsinda rya SSRI.
• Imiti ivura migraine (triptans n'imiti yo mu bwoko bwa ergot).
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura indwara ya Parkinson.
• Ibitera imbaraga (amphetamines, kokayine, pseudoephedrine).
• Urumogi.
• Kunywa kafeyine n'ibinyobwa bitanga imbaraga cyane.
• Uduce twa nikotine.
• Ibiyobyabwenge nka `LSD` cyangwa `MDMA` (ecstasy).

Izindi ndwara

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zigira ingaruka ku bwonko cyangwa ku mitemberere y'amaraso nazo zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara RCVS.

• Migraine: Abantu barwaye migraine bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara RCVS.
• Ubwinshi bwa kalisiyumu mu maraso (Hypercalcemia): Ubwinshi bwa kalisiyumu bushobora kubangamira imikorere y'imitsi mu miyoboro y'amaraso.
• Ibibazo by'imisemburo: By'umwihariko imisemburo ya estrogen ikekwaho kugira uruhare, ari nayo mpamvu iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagore.
• Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu muryango, nka ``Pheochromocytoma'' (ikibyimba gikora imisemburo ya adrenaline irenze urugero) na ``Porphyria'', zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na RCVS?

Mu bihe byashize, abaganga batekerezaga ko RCVS atari indwara ikomeye. Ariko ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko rimwe na rimwe ishobora guteza ingorane. Abantu bagera kuri 30% barwaye RCVS bashobora gusigarana ubumuga budahoraho (nk'intege nke z'imitsi). Abagera kuri 8% bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye by'igihe kirekire.

Byongeye kandi, ingorane zikomeye nk'izi zishobora kubaho mu minsi mike uhereye ku bimenyetso bya mbere:

• Ischemic stroke: Kuziba k'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko.
• Kuva amaraso mu bwonko (SAH cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'amaraso ava mu bwonko): Kuva amaraso hagati y'ubwonko n'agahanga.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe.

Abaganga babibona bate ibi?

Umuganga akoresha uburyo butandukanye kugira ngo amenye iyi ndwara.

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri n'imitsi: Ingufu zawe, imbaraga zawe, n'uko wumva ibintu biragenzurwa.
• Gupima amaraso: Kureba ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso, ubwandu, n'ubusumbane mu rugero rw'umunyu.
• Gupima amashusho: Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gusuzuma RCVS.

Gusuzuma amashusho

Ubwo bwoko bwa scan bushobora "kubona" ​​imbere mu mutwe no mu bwonko. Bushobora gusuzuma niba imiyoboro y'amaraso yazibye cyangwa ko amaraso yagabanutse.

• Gupima CT (CT scan): By'umwihariko, CT angiograms zishobora gufasha gusuzuma neza imiterere y'imitsi y'amaraso.
• Isuzuma rya Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Isuzuma rya MRI ryihariye ryitwa Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) rishobora kandi kugaragaza imitsi ifungana mu mitsi.
• Ultrasound ya Transcranial Doppler: Iyi ishobora gupima umuvuduko w'amaraso atembera mu bwonko.

Ubusanzwe, CT scan ibanza gukorwa. Kubera ko yihuta. Ishobora kumenya vuba niba hari ikibazo cyihutirwa nko gucika kw'imitsi cyangwa kuva amaraso. Mu gucika kw'imitsi, buri segonda ribarwa, bityo uwo muvuduko ni ingenzi cyane. Hanyuma, nibiba ngombwa, MRI scan irakorwa kugira ngo yemeze neza ko imitsi y'amaraso yazibye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura RCVS?

Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, RCVS ni indwara ivurwa neza cyane . Ubuvuzi bufite intego ebyiri z'ingenzi.

1. Niba hari impamvu ishobora kuboneka (urugero: umuti runaka), kuraho iyo mpamvu.

2. Kugabanya imitsi ifungana (gufunga) no kuyisubiza mu buryo busanzwe.

Ubwoko bw'imiti ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura iyi ndwara (vasospasm) ni imiti ibuza imiyoboro ya kalisiyumu (CCBs) . Iyi miti ikora mu kubuza kalisiyumu kwinjira mu turemangingo tw'imitsi mu miyoboro y'amaraso. Hanyuma imitsi iraruhuka, imiyoboro y'amaraso ikongera kwaguka, maze amaraso agasubira gutembera neza.

Ni gake cyane, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ubuvuzi bushobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwitwa "endovascular". Ibi bisaba kohereza umuyoboro muto cyane (catheter) mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru ukayishyira mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu bwonko yazibye, hanyuma ugatera imiti cyangwa ugakoresha ikintu nk'umupira kugira ngo wongere umuyoboro w'amaraso (angioplasty).

Ni gute twakwiringira iki kibazo?

Abantu benshi barwaye RCVS (hafi 80% - 85%) barakira burundu nta kibazo cy'igihe kirekire. Rero hari icyizere cyiza kuri ibi. Ariko icy'ingenzi muri ibi ni ugusuzuma indwara hakiri kare no gutangira kuyivura neza.

Ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde ko RCVS yongera kubaho

Kubera ko bitarasobanuka neza impamvu ya RCVS, ntabwo idashobora kwirindwa buri gihe. Ariko, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byawe. Muganga wawe azaguha inama zirambuye kuri ibi.

• Niba hari imiti ikekwa ko yateye RCVS, uyihagarike kandi uyirinde mu gihe kizaza.
• Gufata imiti yanditswe na muganga uko yanditswe kandi neza.
• Ntugakoreshe imiti iyo ari yo yose cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge (cyane cyane ibitera imbaraga n'urumogi) utabanje kugirwa inama na muganga.
• Kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika burundu kunywa kafeyine n'ibinyobwa bitera imbaraga.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga no kujya muri ETU?

Niba ufite RCVS, muganga wawe azakubwira gukomeza kuza kwa muganga. Ni ngombwa cyane kwitabira gahunda z'ubuvuzi buri gihe. Muri ubu buryo, indwara yawe ishobora gukurikiranwa kandi ubuvuzi bwawe bugakosorwa uko bikenewe.

Igihe cyo kujya mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) byihutirwa:

Niba ufite umutwe ukabije cyangwa ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'indwara yo gucika intege (urugero: intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri, kugorwa no kuvuga, no guhinduka k'amaso), buri gihe biba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi. Ntutegereze ko byatinda. Jya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka.