X-ray yo kuvura ububabare bw'urutugu? Reka twige kuri X-ray yo ku rutugu mu magambo make!

Ese nawe uhura n'ingorane zo guterura urutugu rwawe, ukagira ububabare bukabije iyo ukoresha ukuboko kwawe, cyangwa ubabara urutugu rutuma udasinzira nijoro? Hari igihe urutugu rwawe rushobora kubabara mugihe ukina siporo, ugendera ku igare, cyangwa ndetse no nyuma yo kunyerera cyangwa kugwa. Iyo ugiye kwa muganga mu gihe nk'iki, ashobora kukubwira ati "nzanira X-ray yo ku rutugu." Hari abantu bagira ubwoba gato iyo bumvise ijambo "X-ray." Ibibazo byinshi biza mu mutwe, nka "Bizagenda bite kuri ibi?", "Ese imirasire ntabwo ari myiza ku mubiri?", "Ese ibi bizababaza?" Ariko mu by'ukuri ibi ntabwo biteye ubwoba nkuko ubitekereza. Uyu munsi, tuzaganira kuri iyi X-ray yo ku rutugu mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Mu magambo make, X-ray yo ku rutugu ni iki?

X-ray yo ku rutugu ni ishusho y'amagufwa ari mu rutugu rwawe. Ni nko gufata ifoto, ariko igufasha kubona neza amagufwa imbere binyuze mu ruhu no mu mitsi. Hari igihe abaganga bayita "radiograph".

Tekereza ko imashini ya X-ray ari kamera yihariye. Iyi kamera yohereza imiraba ya electromagnetic, cyangwa imirasire, itagaragara ku maso yacu inyuze mu mubiri. Iyo iyo miraba inyuze mu mubiri ikagera kuri filimi yihariye (X-ray film) cyangwa senseri ya digitale iri ku rundi ruhande, havuka ishusho.

Amagufwa yawe ni menshi cyane, bityo biragoye ko ayo mabara y'imirasire anyuramo. Niyo mpamvu asa n'umweru ku ishusho ya X-ray. Ariko kubera ko ayo mabara anyura mu ngingo zoroshye nk'imitsi n'imitsi byoroshye, asa n'umukara cyangwa imvi ku ishusho. Uku ni ko muganga ashobora kubona neza imiterere n'aho amagufwa ari mu rutugu rwawe, ndetse niba hari imivuniko cyangwa imvune.

Ubusanzwe muganga agusaba guhindukiza urutugu rwawe uva ku ruhande rumwe ujya ku rundi ugafata amafoto menshi. Impamvu ni uko n'agace gato katagaragara iyo karebewe ku ruhande rumwe gashobora kugaragara neza iyo karebewe ku rundi ruhande.

Hari igihe, iyo X-ray yonyine idashobora gusuzuma neza indwara, muganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza kugira ngo uhabwe ibindi bipimo bishobora gufata amashusho arambuye.

• Isuzuma rya CT (Computed Tomography): Ibi bishobora gufata amashusho asobanutse neza kurusha X-rays.
• Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Uretse amagufwa, ibi bishobora gutanga amakuru asobanutse neza ku ngingo zoroshye nk'imitsi, imitsi, na cartilage.
• Gupima icyuma gipima uturemangingo (ultrasound scan): Ibi bishobora kandi gutuma umuntu asobanukirwa neza ingirabuzima fatizo zoroshye.

Ni gute X-ray ishobora kwerekana imiterere y'urutugu rwacu?

Ingingo y'urutugu ni yo ngingo yemerera urugingo kugenda neza kurusha izindi ngingo zose mu mubiri wacu. Ibi biterwa nuko ari ingingo ifite umupira n'isoko. Ishusho ya X-ray y'urutugu rusanzwe kandi rufite ubuzima bwiza igomba kwerekana neza amagufwa y'ingenzi agize iyi ngingo. Aya ni yo magufwa muganga azaba areba.

Muganga asuzuma yitonze ingano, imiterere, n'uburyo buri gufwa rifitanye isano n'irindi. Ibintu nk'amagufwa yavunitse, calciumifications, cyangwa bimwe mu bibyimba by'amagufwa bishobora kugaragara neza kuri X-ray.

Ariko ibuka ko ingingo zoroshye zikenewe cyane ku mikorere y'urutugu, nka cartilage, imitsi, imitsi n'imitsi, zitaboneka kuri X-ray. Ariko, iyo urebye imiterere n'imiterere y'amagufwa, muganga ashobora kubona igitekerezo cy'ibyangiritse kuri izi ngingo zoroshye. Urugero, niba intera iri hagati y'amagufwa abiri yagabanutse, bishobora gufatwa nk'aho cartilage iri hagati yazo yashize.

Ni ryari ukeneye gupimwa X-ray ku rutugu?

Niba ubabara mu rutugu rwawe, cyangwa niba bigoye guterura cyangwa kuzunguza ukuboko kwawe, ikizamini cya mbere muganga azagutegeka ni X-ray. Iki ni ikizamini kidababaza kandi kidatera indwara gishobora gukorwa byoroshye mu bitaro ibyo ari byo byose muri Sri Lanka.

Dore zimwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zishobora gutuma muganga wawe agusaba gufata X-ray ku rutugu.

Ni nde ufata X-ray? Ni nde usoma raporo?

Umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga rya radiyo (Radiologic Technologist) afatwa na X-ray yo ku rutugu, uwo dukunze kwita "X-ray technician." Aba bantu bahawe amahugurwa yihariye mu buryo bwo gukoresha imashini ya radiyo.

Nyuma yo gupimwa X-rays, umuganga w’indwara z’imirasire azasuzuma amashusho maze akore raporo irimo indwara. Azashobora kumenya n’impinduka zigaragara mu mashusho no kukubwira neza ikibazo kiri ku rutugu rwawe.

Raporo yateguwe n'uyu muganga w'inzobere ikunze koherezwa kwa muganga wagusabye ko ukorerwa X-ray. Hanyuma muganga wawe azasuzuma raporo, agusobanurire ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, hanyuma afate icyemezo cy'ubundi buvuzi ukeneye.

Ese ukeneye kwitegura mbere yo gupimwa X-ray?

Oya. Nta kintu kidasanzwe ugomba gukora mbere yo kwipimisha X-ray ku rutugu. Ntabwo ugomba kugabanya indyo yawe cyangwa ngo uhagarike gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose. Ariko, hari ibintu bike ugomba kumenya.

• Gukuraho imitako y'icyuma: Ugomba gukuraho imitako yose y'icyuma, nk'imikufi yawe, amaherena, n'udupira tw'imisatsi. Ibyuma ntibishobora kunyura muri X-rays. Bishobora kugaragara nk'utudomo tunini tw'umweru ku ishusho no guhisha ibice by'ingenzi by'igufwa riri munsi.
• Imyambaro: Uzasabwa gukuramo imyenda yawe uhereye mu rukenyerero ujya hejuru ukambara ikanzu yihariye yo kwa muganga yatanzwe n'ibitaro.
• Gutwita: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane . Niba utwite cyangwa ufite amakenga make ko utwite, banza ubibwire muganga n'umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga ufata X-ray mbere yo gupimwa X-ray. Abagore batwite, cyane cyane mu mezi ya mbere, muri rusange ntibakorerwa X-ray keretse bibaye ngombwa rwose.

Bigenda bite iyo ufashwe na X-ray? Ese birababaza?

Oya rwose. Ntuzumva ububabare ubwo uzaba wafashwe na X-ray.Igikorwa cyose kimara iminota mike gusa. Akenshi bigenda gutya:

1. Ubwa mbere, uzasabwa kujya mu cyumba cyihariye kugira ngo uhindure imyenda. Aho niho uzakenera gukuramo imyenda yawe uhereye mu rukenyerero ukageza hasi ukambara ikanzu yo kwa muganga.

2. Hanyuma uzajyanwa mu cyumba cyo gupimirwamo X-ray.

3. Umutekinisiye (umunyabuhanga mu by'imirasire ya X) azagusaba guhagarara cyangwa kwicara ku ntebe. Hanyuma, urutugu rwawe ruzashyirwa neza ku mashini ya X-ray.

4. Uzahabwa amabwiriza yo kuguma uhagaze amasegonda make mbere yuko ifoto ifatwa. Iyo wimutse, ifoto ishobora kuba itagaragara neza.

5. Hari igihe ushobora gusabwa "gufata umwuka akanya gato" kugira ngo ubone ishusho isobanutse neza.

6. Hindura ibitugu byawe uhereye ku ruhande ujya ku rundi muri ubu buryo, ufata amafoto menshi mu mpande zitandukanye.

Nyuma yo gufata X-ray ...

Nyuma yo gufata amashusho, umutekinisiye azayasuzuma kugira ngo arebe neza ko asobanutse neza. Niba hari amashusho adasobanutse neza, ashobora gukenerwa kongera kuyafata. Niba byose bimeze neza, ushobora gusubira mu cyumba cyo kwambikamo imyenda n'imitako, ugakomeza imirimo yawe nk'uko bisanzwe.

Ese hari ingaruka iyo ukoresheje X-rays? Ese wagombye gutinya imirasire?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Yego, mu gihe cyo gupimwa X-ray, umubiri wawe uba uhura n'imirasire mike cyane. Ni ukuri ko guhura n'imirasire myinshi mu gihe kirekire bishobora guteza ibyago nka kanseri.

Mu magambo make, inyungu zo kwipimisha X-ray kugira ngo umenye neza indwara yawe ziruta kure ingaruka z'iyi mirasire mike. Bityo rero ntugatinye ibi bitari ngombwa.

Abana bato n'impinja bakurira mu nda barushaho kwibasirwa n'imirasire, bityo muri ibyo bihe, abaganga batekereza gufata X-rays hamwe n'ingano nto ishoboka cyangwa ibindi bipimo.

Ni ryari nzakira raporo?

Niba X-ray yawe yafashwe byihutirwa, urugero muri ETU (Ishami rishinzwe kuvura mu gihe cy’impanuka) nyuma y’impanuka, ushobora kubona ibisubizo mu minota mike cyangwa isaha imwe cyangwa abiri. Gufata X-ray isanzwe mu ishami rishinzwe kuvura abarwayi hanze bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo raporo iboneke. Umuganga wagutegetse X-ray azaguhamagara igihe ibisubizo bizaba bihari.

Ni ryari ugomba kongera kuvugana na muganga?

Vugana na muganga wawe muri ibi bihe:

• Bite se niba hashize icyumweru kimwe kuva X-ray ifatwa kandi nta kintu na kimwe wumvise kuri iyo raporo?
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya, nko kwiyongera k'ububabare mu rutugu rwawe.

Gupima X-ray ku rutugu ni uburyo bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro bwo gusuzuma indwara nyinshi ku rutugu. Niba muganga wawe akubwiye gukora iki kizamini, bariza niba ufite ikibazo ku mpamvu yacyo. Ni ikizamini cyihuse kandi kidababaza gishobora gutanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku buzima bwawe.