Ni ibisanzwe ko mama wawe, papa wawe, cyangwa nyogokuru wawe bibagirwa ibintu uko bakura. Ariko se wigeze ubona ko uku kwibagirwa ari ibisanzwe, kugeza aho utabasha no gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi? Ese uhora urakaye, ugakora nk'aho utari uwo wari usanzwe? Ibi bintu rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara yitwa 'Dementia'. Ntugatinye iyo wumvise iri zina. Reka tubiganireho birambuye n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'iyi ndwara mu rukundo.
Mu magambo make, indwara yo kwiheba (dementia) ni iki?
Dementia si indwara yihariye . Ni ijambo rusange risobanura icyegeranyo cy'ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko bwacu. By'umwihariko, ni indwara aho kwibuka, gutekereza, gutekereza, n'ubushobozi bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro. Izi mpinduka zishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro zikagera aho umuntu atagishobora kubaho yigenga.
Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo uturemangingo tw’ubwonko twangiritse kandi tugapfa buhoro buhoro bitewe n’indwara zitandukanye, nka Alzheimer. Dementia ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu barengeje imyaka 65. Nanone, niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wa hafi yararwaye iyi ndwara, nawe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa?
Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora gutera indwara yo kwibagirwa. Reka turebe ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane.
| Ubwoko bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Indwara ya Alzheimer | Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Utunyangingo tw'ubwonko turapfa buhoro buhoro kandi ubwonko buragabanuka. |
| Kwibagirwa imitsi y'amaraso | Biterwa no kuziba cyangwa kwangirika kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko. |
| Lewy body dementia | Imikorere y'ubwonko irangirika bitewe n'uko poroteyine zidasanzwe (Lewy bodies) zishyirwa mu bwonko. |
| Indwara yo kwibagirwa imbere n'imbere | Biterwa no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo mu bice by'imbere n'iby'inyuma by'ubwonko. |
| Indwara yo kwiheba ivanze | Umuntu ashobora kuba afite ubwoko burenze bumwe muri ubwo bwavuzwe haruguru bw’indwara yo kwibagirwa. |
Ubwoko bwavuzwe haruguru akenshi ntibushobora gusubizwa inyuma, bivuze ko budashobora gukira burundu. Ibimenyetso bigenda birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Ariko, hari igihe habaho indwara zigaragaza ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'indwara yo kwibagirwa ariko zishobora kuvurwa no gukira . Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga.
Zimwe muri izo mpamvu ni izi:
- Zimwe mu ndwara zandura
- Kubura Vitamine (cyane cyane Vitamine B12)
- Ingaruka mbi z'imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa
- Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko
- Kugabanuka k'umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bwonko
- Uburozi (mu bihe nk'ibyo, ushobora kandi guhamagara Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Amakuru ku Burozi mu Bitaro by'Igihugu kugira ngo ugire inama, ariko ubanza kureba muganga)
- Ibibazo bya tiroyide
Ni ibihe bimenyetso tugomba kwitondera?
Ibimenyetso bya "dementia" bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye kandi bitewe n'ubwoko bw'indwara, ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bisanzwe.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro n'ingero |
|---|---|
| Gutakaza ubwibuke bikomeye | Ni ibisanzwe kwibagirwa utuntu duto uko ugenda ukura. Ariko mu ndwara yo kwibagirwa, ibi birarushaho kuba bibi. Urugero: kwibagirwa umunsi wagombaga kujya kwa muganga, kwibagirwa n'amazina y'abavandimwe bawe ba hafi, guhora utakaza ibintu nk'imfunguzo n'indorerwamo, kubaza ikibazo kimwe inshuro nyinshi. |
| Impinduka mu myitwarire no mu byiyumvo | Umuntu wahoze atuje kandi w’umunyabuntu ubu ararakara kandi akababazwa n’utuntu duto. Ashobora kugira ibyishimo akanya gato, akababara cyangwa akarakara mu kandi kanya. |
| Guhangayika no kwiheba | Iyo umenye ibiri kukubaho, iyo wumva urimo guhinduka, ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi, uhangayitse, kandi ubabaye. Utakaza ubushake bwo kwishimira ibintu wakundaga. |
| Kuzerera | Ushobora kuva mu nzu nta mpamvu, ukajya gutembera, cyangwa ukabura aho ujya. Ndetse n'urugo rwawe rushobora kumva nk'ahantu hashya. Nubwo umaze imyaka myinshi uri mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, ushobora kuba witeguye kuvuga uti "Nkeneye kujya ku kazi." |
| Paranoia n'uburiganya | Ibitekerezo biteye amakenga ku bandi. Ushobora gutekereza ibintu nk'ibi, "Hari umuntu wanyibye amafaranga," cyangwa "Umuryango wanjye urimo kugerageza kunshyiramo uburozi." Ibi ni ibintu bishobora guterwa no gutakaza kwibuka no guhinduka mu bwonko. |
| Ubwoba n'ubugizi bwa nabi | Iyo batabasha gusobanukirwa ibidukikije, bumva bafite ubwoba bwinshi kandi badafite icyo bakora. Bityo bashobora gutukana, bakavuza induru, ndetse bakazamura amaboko cyangwa ibirenge byabo ku babarera. Ibi si ikosa ryabo, ni kimwe mu bigize indwara. |
| Kugorwa no kuvuga no kwandika | Iyo uri kuvuga, uhita wibagirwa amagambo wagombaga kuvuga. Biba bigoye kumva icyo abandi bantu bavuga. |
| Kugorwa no gukora imirimo isanzwe | Mama, wakundaga guteka neza, ubu ntazi guteka icyayi. Agorwa no gukoresha telefoni cyangwa gukoresha televiziyo. Arayoberwa iyo agiye kugura ibintu mu iduka. |
Ni iki cyakorwa mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bwihutirwa?
Iyo umurwayi arwaye nabi mu buryo butunguranye, urugero, iyo agaragaje gushyuha gukabije, ubukana, cyangwa iyo agize ikibazo mu mutwe maze akagira impanuka, mujyane vuba mu bitaro biri hafi aho .
Ni gute wafasha umuntu ubana n'indwara yo kwibagirwa?
Gupimwa indwara yo kwibagirwa bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye ku muntu ndetse no ku bamurera. Ariko, iyo umuntu agize urukundo, kwihangana no gutegura neza, uru rugendo rushobora koroshywa.
- Kora gahunda ihoraho: Kora gahunda yo kurya, koga no kuryama icyarimwe buri munsi. Andika ibi ku rupapuro runini hanyuma ubishyire ahantu hagaragara. Kugira gahunda ihoraho bizagabanya urujijo rwabo.
- Komeza gusabana n'abantu: Ntubareke bari bonyine. Ganira n'umuryango n'inshuti, kandi ubareke babe hamwe. Bayobore ku bintu byoroshye bibashimisha (urugero: kumva indirimbo za kera, kujya mu rusengero).
- Andika ibintu usanzwe uzi: Andika nimero za terefone z'ingenzi, gahunda yawe ya buri munsi, n'ibindi bintu mu nyuguti nini hanyuma ubishyire ahantu ukunze kubona, nko muri firigo cyangwa ku muryango.
- Koresha agakoresho ko gufatira ibinini: Kwibagirwa kwibuka niba warafashe imiti yawe cyangwa utafashe ni ikibazo gikomeye. Gukoresha agakoresho ko gufatira ibinini gafite iminsi y'icyumweru kandi kagabanyemo ibice bya mu gitondo, nyuma ya saa sita na nimugoroba bishobora gufasha cyane.
- Witondere umutekano: Shyira ingufuri z'inyongera ku nzugi zawe. Witondere hasi hanyerera, ibintu bityaye, nibindi. Siga ikarita cyangwa agatambaro kanditseho izina ryawe, aderesi, na nimero ya terefone kugira ngo ubashe kubibona nibaramuka bazimiye.
- Tekereza kuri wowe ubwawe: Kwita ku muntu urwaye indwara yo kwibagirwa ntabwo byoroshye. Rero ruhuka, ushake umuntu ugufasha , kandi ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe nabwo ni ingenzi cyane.
Ni hehe nabona ubufasha n'inkunga?
Ntabwo uri wenyine. Hari ahantu ushobora kubona ubufasha bwo guhangana n'iki kibazo.
1. Muganga w’umuryango wawe: Banza urebe muganga wawe muganire kuri ibi bimenyetso. Ashobora gukora ibizamini by’ibanze no kohereza inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.
2. Inzobere: Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwibagirwa bakunze koherezwa ku baganga b'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa abaganga b'indwara zo mu mutwe.
3. Ikigo cya Lanka Alzheimer's Foundation: Umuryango ufasha abantu bafite Alzheimer's n'izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe hamwe n'ababitaho muri Sri Lanka. Ushobora kubona inama n'ubufasha by'ingirakamaro bivuye kuri bo.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Dementia ni indwara ikomeye kurusha kwibagirwa bisanzwe bibaho iyo umuntu ashaje.
- Uretse kubura ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, reba ibimenyetso nk'impinduka mu myitwarire, kugorwa no kuvuga, no kudashobora gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.
- Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso, irengagize amagambo agira ati "uku ni ko bigenda iyo ugeze mu zabukuru" maze ushakishe muganga vuba bishoboka.
- Kumenya indwara hakiri kare bituma byoroha kubona izindi mpamvu zishobora kuvurwa no kuyivura.
- Icyo umurwayi w’indwara yo kwiheba akeneye kirenze imiti ni urukundo rwawe, kwihangana, ubuntu bwawe n’uburinzi bwawe.
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