Bigenda bite ku gahanga iyo ugonze umutwe wawe? Reka tuvuge ku gucika kw'agahanga mu magambo make.

Mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ni ibisanzwe ko habaho impanuka nto no kugwa. Cyane cyane mu ngo zifite abana bato, iyo bakina, biruka cyangwa basimbuka, bashobora gukomereka gato ku mutwe. Muri ibyo bihe, twumva dufite ubwoba bwinshi, tukibaza tuti 'Ese, hari ikintu cyabaye ku mwana wanjye? Sinzi niba afite igikomere gikomeye ku mutwe.' Hari igihe igikomere ku mutwe nk'iki gishobora kwangiza umutwe. Ibyo ni bimwe mu byabaye tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi, ni ukuvuga kuvunika umutwe .

Gucika kw'agahanga ni iki?

Mu magambo make, kuvunika umutwe ni ukuvunika kw'amagufwa akingira ubwonko bwacu, umutwe . Ubu ni ubwoko bw'igikomere cyo ku mutwe. Akenshi, ibi bibaho iyo umutwe ukubiswe cyane, ni ukuvuga iyo hari ikintu runaka cyagize ingaruka.

Imvune nyinshi zo mu mutwe ziba ari nto, bivuze ko zidasaba kubagwa. Ariko, niba ufite imvune mu mutwe, ugomba guhamagara 911 cyangwa nimero y'ubutabazi yo mu gace utuyemo . Imvune zimwe na zimwe zo mu mutwe zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, bityo kuvurwa hakiri kare ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byiza.

Niba imvune yaragize ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, bishobora kuba ngombwa ko ubagwa kugira ngo ubuvure. Hari imvune zimwe na zimwe zo mu gahanga zikira nta kuvurwa, ariko muganga azakurikirana neza iyo mvune kugira ngo arebe neza ko nta zindi ngorane zibayeho.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'imvune zo mu mutwe?

Yego, hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imvune zo mu mutwe. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

Kuvunika k'umurongo

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane . Busa n'umurongo muto ku isahani, nk'umurongo muto ku igufwa ry'agahanga. Ubusanzwe buba hejuru y'umutwe, ku magufwa ari hejuru y'amatwi.

Kuvunika umutima

Ikibaho muri iki kibazo ni uko igice cy'igufwa ryavunitse gisunikwa imbere, ni ukuvuga mu bwonko . Gishyirwa imbere, nk'uko icupa ry'icyuma rivunitse. Muri iki kibazo hashobora kuba hari uduce duto twinshi twavunitse.

Kuvunika kw'ibanze/ibanze

Ibi biragoye gato. Muri iki gihe, amagufwa avunika aba ari hasi cyane y'agahanga, inyuma y'isura yacu, imbere, kandi ntituyabone inyuma .

Kuvunika kwa diastase

Amagufwa y'agahanga kacu ahuzwa n'imigozi (`imigozi yo mu mutwe`). Iri ni ryo zina ryitwa kuba hari iyi migozi . Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bana bato, kuko imigozi yabo iba itarakira neza.

Kuvunika kw'ibice bitandukanye cyangwa gukomeretsa

Hari igihe ubwoko bwinshi muri ubu buvuzwe haruguru bushobora kubaho hamwe, cyangwa bugacika ahantu henshi. Ibyo ni byo twita imvune zikomeye.

Amavuniko afunze n'amavuniko afunguye

Hari ubundi buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gushyira mu byiciro izi mvune. Ni ukuvuga niba uruhu ruri hejuru y'ivunitse (`umutwe`) rwaracitse cyangwa rutacitse.

• Gucika kw'uruhu: Gucika kw'uruhu ntiguca uruhu hejuru y'aho rwacitse. Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane .
• Gucika kw'uruhu: Gucika kw'uruhu kwavunitse aho rwavunitse, bigatuma havuka igikomere. Ibi bishobora gutuma mikorobe zinjira , bityo bikazamura ibyago byo kwandura.

Ibi ni ibisanzwe gute?

Nta mibare nyayo igaragaza ko habaho kuvunika kw'agahanga. Ariko, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika honyine, buri mwaka havugwa abantu barenga miliyoni 2.5 basura ibitaro byita ku barwayi bakomeretse ku mutwe (harimo n'abavunitse agahanga).

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ivunika ry'agahanga?

Ibimenyetso by'ivunika ry'agahanga bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ivunika n'aho ribera. Ariko, ushobora kubona ibintu nk'ibi:

• Guhinduka kw'uruhu (kwijima, gutukura) aho byakomeretse.
• Kubyimba cyangwa kugaragara nk'ibibyimba ku mutwe.
• Ibikomere bikikije igikomere, hafi y'amaso (byitwa kandi 'amaso ya Raccoon') cyangwa inyuma y'amatwi ('ikimenyetso cy'intambara') .
• Amazi asobanutse neza (aya ashobora kuba amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF)) ava mu mazuru cyangwa mu gutwi.
• Gucika kw'ivu ni igihe amaraso asohoka mu gikomere, mu mazuru, cyangwa mu gutwi.

None se ibimenyetso ni ibihe?

Ikimenyetso cya mbere ni ukubabara umutwe . Abantu benshi bagira ubu bubabare.

Ariko, iyo imvune igize ingaruka ku bwonko, ibimenyetso nka:

• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Urujijo.
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza.
• Kutabona neza cyangwa kutabona neza.
• Kubura ibyiyumvo mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri.
• Ingorane zo kuringaniza no guhuza ibintu.
• Umunaniro.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera kuvunika umutwe?

Igufwa rivunika iyo hakoreshejwe imbaraga zikomeye cyane ku buryo igufwa ridashobora kwihanganira. Dore uburyo busanzwe umutwe w'agahanga ushobora kuvunika:

• Ibikomere biterwa no gukubita ikintu ku mutwe, cyangwa gukubita umutwe ahantu runaka). Tekereza umwana agwa ku buriri cyangwa ku ntebe arimo gukina.
• Amasumo .
• Impanuka z'ibinyabiziga .
• Imvune mu mikino .
• Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku giti cye riterwa n'amakimbirane ku giti cye .

Ni nde uri mu kaga kurusha abandi?

Abana bato bafite ibyago byinshi kuko imitwe yabo y'umutwe iba itarakura neza kandi ikaba inanutse. Nanone, abantu barengeje imyaka 75 bafite ibyago byinshi kuko bagwa kenshi. Niba ukora ibikorwa bishobora guteza akaga nko gukora siporo, uba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kuvunika umutwe.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa no kuvunika umutwe?

Gucika kw'agahanga bishobora gutera ingorane nka:

• Kuva amaraso mu ngingo ziri mu bwonko (kuva amaraso mu bwonko).
• Kwangirika k'ubwonko, gucika kw'imitsi.
• Kuziba kw'amaraso (`Venous sinus thrombosis`).
• Impinduka mu miterere (cyane cyane iyo umuntu yavunitse umutima).
• Kwandura indwara (nk'indwara ya meningitis).
• Indwara nk'iz'ubumuga.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe, nk'igicuri.

Zimwe muri izi ngorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, niyo mpamvu ari byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga ako kanya nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe.

Ubimenya ute?

Muganga azabyemeza, ubusanzwe mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze. Muganga azakora isuzuma ry’umubiri hanyuma akore ikizamini cyo gufata amashusho, nka CT (Computed Tomography) . Isuzuma rya CT rishobora kwerekana neza amagufwa y’agahanga kawe. Byongeye kandi, ikizamini cy’imitsi kizakorwa kugira ngo harebwe uburyo imvune yagize ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe. Hari igihe isuzuma rya MRI naryo rishobora kuba ingirakamaro.

Ivurwa ite?

Imvune nyinshi zo mu mutwe ntizisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye, cyane cyane iyo imvune ari iyo ku mutwe. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kuguma mu bitaro iminsi mike kugira ngo ukurikiranwe.

Nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura ``kuvunika kw'umurongo`` , bikira ubwabyo. Mu gihe uri mu bitaro, itsinda rishinzwe kukwitaho rizareba ingorane nka ``gufatwa n'ibisebe``. Iyo bibaye, muganga azaguha ``imiti yo kugabanya ibisebe``.

Nyuma yo gukomereka, ushobora gukoresha imiti igabanya ububabare mu gihe gito kugira ngo urusheho kumererwa neza. Hari igihe ikintu nka acetaminophen (Paracetamol) gishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso. Baza muganga wawe imiti igabanya ububabare ikubereye. Niba hari ukubyimba, gukoresha barafu nabyo bishobora gufasha cyane .

Uburyo bwo kuvura imvune nka `Basal`, `Depression` na `Diastatic` buratandukanye bitewe n'uburemere bw'imvune, kandi bushobora kuba burimo ibi bikurikira:

• Kuruhuka umutwe wawe uzamuye (uryamye umutwe wawe uhagaze ku musego).
• Gukuraho amazi y'ubwonko arenze urugero (umuganga abikora ashyira urushinge ruto mu mugongo wo hasi).
• Mu gihe havunitse imvune, hakorwa igikorwa cyo gusana amagufwa y'agahanga, kuyasubiza mu mwanya wayo, no kudoda uruhu ku gikomere (`Suture`) .

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Igihe imvune y'agahanga ifata kugira ngo ikire gitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko n'uburemere bw'imvune. Bishobora gufata igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva ku byumweru bike kugeza ku mezi make kugira ngo amagufwa yawe akire neza .

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kuvunika umutwe? Ni iki umuntu yakwitega?

Iyo habaye kuvunika umutwe, ni ngombwa gukurikirana witonze kugira ngo hirindwe ingorane.Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye y'uko wakwitaho uri mu rugo. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo: kuruhuka uhagaze, guhindura ipfundo ku gisebe, no kwirinda guhumeka izuru cyane niba sinuses zawe zangiritse.

Irinde gukora imirimo ivunanye kugeza ubwo umutwe wawe ukize . Gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza bizagufasha gukira no gukira vuba.

Niba ufite imvune igira ingaruka ku isura yawe, yaba ari ukuvunika cyangwa kuvunika igufwa, kubagwa bishobora kugufasha kugarura isura yawe no kongera icyizere cyawe.

Ingorane ni gake cyane, ariko zishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo kuvunika kw'inyuma kugize ingaruka ku bwonko.

Ese iyi ndwara ishobora gukira burundu?

Uko imvune yawe ihagaze biterwa n'uburemere bw'imvune, imyaka yawe, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Abantu benshi bakira burundu nyuma yo kuvunika umutwe . Ingorane z'igihe kirekire ni gake cyane.

Mu bana, 80% kugeza kuri 90% by'ibikomere bivugwa ku mutwe ni bito . Ibikomere bishobora kwangirika mu mutwe bishobora gutera ubuzima bisaba kubagwa ntabwo bikunze kubaho cyane.

Ushobora kubona ibisobanuro nyabyo ku bijyanye n'uburwayi bwawe kwa muganga wawe.

Ese kuvunika kw'agahanga bishobora kwirindwa?

Birumvikana ko atari ko kuvunika kose kw'agahanga gushobora kwirindwa. Ariko, ushobora kwirinda impanuka ukora ibi bikurikira:

• Kwambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda mu gihe ukina siporo cyangwa ukora akazi kaga.
• Kwambara umukandara w'imodoka iyo uri mu modoka.
• Kwambara ingofero iyo utwaye moto, ATV/UTV, cyangwa igare.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu bitaro byihutirwa?

Niba ufite imvune mu mutwe, hamagara 1990 (cyangwa nimero y'ubutabazi yo mu gace utuyemo) . Shaka ubufasha ako kanya niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Iyo hari amaraso cyangwa amazi atemba mu mazuru cyangwa mu matwi.
• Niba wumva utazi icyo ukora cyangwa utazi.
• Niba bigoye kuguma uri maso.
• Niba ufite umutwe ukomeye.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ushobora kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• "Muganga, mfite ubwoko ki bw'ivunika ry'agahanga?"
• "Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imiti igabanya ububabare nshobora gufata?"
• "Ese nkeneye kubagwa?"
• "Urashaka ko nguma mu bitaro kugira ngo nkurikirane?"
• "Nkwiye kwiyitaho nte ningera mu rugo?"

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi

Rero, urabona ko agahanga kacu ari igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'ubwonko bwacu kiburinda. Iyo ukomeretse ku mutwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka no kwangiza ubwonko. Rero, niba ukomeretse ku mutwe, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya . Muganga azaguha ubuvuzi ukeneye, cyangwa akurikirane imvune kugira ngo arebe niba hari ingorane.

Nawe ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kuvunika umutwe w'umuntu ukoresheje ingamba zo kwirinda, nko kwambara ingofero mu gihe utwaye igare cyangwa moto, no kwambara umukandara mu gihe utwaye imodoka. Ntiwibagirwe ko umutekano ari wo uza imbere!

` Igihanga, kuvunika umutwe, gukomereka mu mutwe, kwangirika k'ubwonko, impanuka, kuvunika umutwe, kuvunika umutwe