Ese wigeze utekereza kuri urwo rugingo ruto ariko rufite akamaro kanini mu mubiri wawe: umutima wawe? Tekereza ko ari moteri y'umubiri wawe idacogora, ingano ingana n'inkoni yawe ipfunyitse. Rukora ubudahagarara umunsi wose, ndetse no mu gihe usinziriye. Reka turebe uburyo uru rugingo rutangaje rukora, ibibazo by'ubuzima rushobora guhura nabyo, n'intambwe ushobora gutera kugira ngo rukomeze gukomera no kugira ubuzima bwiza hamwe na Nirogi Lanka.
Kunywa itabi ni iki?
Mu magambo make, kunywa itabi bikubiyemo gutwika ikintu cy’ibimera—ubusanzwe itabi ripfunyitse mu mpapuro—kugira ngo uhumeke umwotsi wacyo mu kanwa no mu bihaha. Uko uhumeka, umwotsi unyura mu nzira z’ubuhumekero bwawe ukagera mu bihaha byawe, aho winjira mu maraso yawe ukagera mu bwonko bwawe no mu zindi ngingo zose z’umubiri wawe.
Nubwo iyi nkuru yibanda ku itabi ry’itabi, abantu benshi bakoresha kandi itabi ry’itabi, imiyoboro y’itabi, marijuana (ibyatsi/inkono), cyangwa ndetse n’itabi ry’ibimera.
Ni iki kiri mu itabi?
Itabi ryawe risanzwe rigurwa mu iduka rigizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi:
- Ibimera: Mu itabi, ibi bigizwe n'amababi yumye kandi yatunganyijwe n'ibimera by'igihingwa cya Nicotiana tabacum .
- Impapuro zizunguruka: Impapuro ntoya zifatana neza n'ibimera.
- Akayunguruzo: Kagenewe gufata uduce duto duto tw’itabi ritwikwa, nubwo bitabuza umwotsi, imyuka, n’ibindi binyabutabire bito kugera mu bihaha byawe.
Kuki abantu banywa itabi?
Abantu bakunze gutangira kunywa itabi bashaka kwishimisha cyangwa kwishimisha, ariko kureka vuba biragorana. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukwishingikiriza ku mubiri kuri nikotine iboneka mu itabi. Iyo ubwonko bwawe bwabuze nikotine, ugira ibimenyetso byo kuyireka bigatuma wumva umerewe nabi kandi udatuje.
Iyo nikotine imaze kugera mu bwonko bwawe, ituma habaho kurekurwa kw'imiti itanga "igihembo" cy'agateganyo. Iyi niyo mpamvu ushobora kumva:
- Tuje kandi dutuje.
- Gushishikazwa no kuba maso.
- Kwibanda cyane ku gikorwa.
Kuri benshi, kunywa itabi bihinduka umuhango wo gusabana n'abandi, kimwe no kunywa ikawa ya mu gitondo. Ushobora kunywa itabi kugira ngo uruhuke mu mibanire, wongere imbaraga zawe mu gihe ukora, cyangwa se bitewe nuko ukunda akamenyero cyangwa ibyiyumvo byo gufata itabi.
Kunywa itabi bigira izihe ngaruka ku mubiri wawe?
Kunywa itabi bigira ingaruka ku bintu byose kuva ku ruhu rwawe n'inzara kugeza ku ngingo zawe, ingingo zawe, ndetse n'uburyo ADN yaweImikorere. Kwangirika bitangira ukimara guka. Ibinyabutabire ibihumbi biva mu itabi ritwikwa bitangira urugendo rwabyo rwangiza ako kanya ukimara kunywera itabi bwa mbere.
Iyo ucanye…
Ubushyuhe burekura nikotine bugatuma habaho tar . Iyo uzanye itabi ku minwa yawe, tar ihumanya inzara zawe. Umwotsi ugabanya amazi mu ruhu rwawe ugatera kubyimba, bigatera iminkanyari imburagihe . Guhumeka unyuze mu mazuru byangiza imitsi, amaherezo bikagabanya impumuro yawe .
Mu gihe uhumeka umwotsi…
Nubwo akayunguruzo gafata uduce duto, tar, nikotine, n'ubundi burozi biracyari mu kanwa kawe. Tar ihumanya amenyo yawe, ishinya, n'ururimi . Irangiza amenyo yawe, bigatuma urwara ishinya , mu gihe inagabanya ubushobozi bwawe bwo kumva uburyohe bw'ibiryo ukunda.
Uko umwotsi unyura mu nzira zawe z'ubuhumekero…
Tar itwikira mu muhogo no mu mitsi y'ijwi, akenshi igatera inkorora idakira . Ikirenze ibyo, tar na hydrogen cyanide (umwuka w'uburozi) bigabanya cilia yawe —uturemangingo duto tumeze nk'ubwoya mu nzira z'ubuhumekero. Cilia igenewe gukuraho umukungugu na mikorobe, kandi iyo byangiritse, uba ushobora kwandura indwara z'ubuhumekero cyane .
Iyo umwotsi ugeze mu bihaha no mu maraso…
Umwotsi wangiza alveoli yawe (udusaho duto tw’umwuka mu bihaha byawe), bishobora gutera emphysema , indwara iri mu bwoko bwa COPD . Byongeye kandi, monoxide ya karuboni iva mu mwotsi yinjira mu maraso yawe, igafatana n’uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura ikatubuza gutwara ogisijeni mu ngingo zawe. Uku kubura ogisijeni bitera guhumeka nabi no kubyimba budakira. Hagati aho, nikotine yangiza igice cy’imitsi y’amaraso yawe, bigatuma irushaho kuba nini kandi ikagira ubugari , ibyo bikaba byongera cyane ibyago byo kubyimba kw’amaraso, indwara z’umutima, no gucika imitsi . Ku bagabo, uku kugabanuka kw’amaraso mu mitsi bishobora no gutuma habaho kudakora neza kw’imibonano mpuzabitsina .
Iyo imiti ikwirakwira mu mubiri wawe wose…
Iyo uburozi bwinjiye mu maraso yawe, bugenda ahantu hose. Niba wumva ububabare butunguranye, bukabije mu gituza cyangwa uhumeka nabi, nyamuneka hamagara inzego z’ubutabazi bwihuse zo mu gace utuyemo. Bungiza ingingo zawe mu buryo bw’umubiri, harimo:
- Amagufwa: Nikotine igabanya kwinjiza kalisiyumu kandi ikabuza ikorwa ry'uturemangingo dutera amagufwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amagufwa yawe arushaho kuba magufi kandi arushaho kugorana , bigatuma ibyago byo kuvunika birushaho kwiyongera.
- Amaso: Imiti iboneka mu itabi hamwe n'umwuka muke ushobora kugabanuka ishobora kwangiza amaso yawe cyane. Ibi byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara cataract, kwangirika kwa macular, ndetse no kutabona neza .
- Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri : Kunywa itabi bitera ububyimbirwe buhoraho, bigatuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugabanuka. Ibi bituma urushaho kwandura indwara kandi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri .
- Imisemburo: Nikotine ishobora guhungabanya uburinganire bw'imisemburo yawe, ibi bikaba byagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku burumbuke bwawe .
- ADN: Ibintu by'uburozi nka arsenic, nickel, na polonium ikoresha imirasire byangiza ADN yawe kandi bikabuza uburyo umubiri wawe usana ibintu bisanzwe.Uku kwangirika kwa ADN ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi gitera kanseri kandi gishobora no guteza ibibazo by’uburumbuke binyuze mu kwangiza intanga ngabo.
Uburyo nikotine igira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe…
Iyo nikotine yinjiye mu maraso yawe, ihita ijya mu bwonko bwawe. Aho ngaho, ikora receptors zihariye zituma habaho irekurwa ry'ibinyabutabire "by'ibyiyumvo byiza" nka dopamine, adrenaline, endorphins, na serotonin . Ibi nibyo bitera "nikotine buzz." Ikora nk'ihinduka rituma wumva uruhutse, wishimye, cyangwa ushishikajwe by'agateganyo - byose mu masegonda make uvuye ku ifunguro rya mbere.
Guhangana n'ikibazo cyo kubikuza amafaranga…
Umwijima wawe uhindura nikotine, kandi akenshi uyisohora mu nkari zawe mu masaha make nyuma y'itabi ryawe rya nyuma. Iyo 'guturika' kumaze kurangira, umubiri wawe urashaka byinshi, bikagutera imbaraga zo gufata irindi tabi. Nutabikora, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byo kureka kunywa itabi, birimo kubura amahoro, guhangayika, kwiheba, kurakara, uburakari, no kudasinzira . Uko igihe kigenda gihita, umubiri wawe urushaho kwihanganira ibyo kunywa, bivuze ko ukeneye nikotine nyinshi kugira ngo ugere kuri iyo mitekerereze nk'iyo, amaherezo bikakuviramo kwishingikiriza kuri nikotine .
Niba utwite, umwana wawe na we agira ingaruka…
Kunywa itabi bituma imiyoboro y'amaraso iri mu nyababyeyi n'umukondo w'inkondo ifungana, ibi bikaba bigabanya uburyo amaraso agera ku mwana wawe . Aya maraso arimo monoxyde de carbone, nikotine, n'ibindi binyabutabire byangiza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwana wawe ashobora kutagira umwuka uhagije, kandi ADN ye ishobora kwangirika. Abagore batwite banywa itabi bahura n'ibyago byinshi byo gukuramo inda . Abana bavuka ku banywi b'itabi akenshi baba bafite ibyago byo kuvukana ibiro bike, ibibazo by'umutima n'ibihaha, ndetse no gutinda gukura .
Ni izihe ngaruka zo kunywa itabi ku buzima?
Nubwo abantu benshi bahuza kunywa itabi na kanseri y'ibihaha gusa, ukuri ni uko ishobora kugira ingaruka hafi ya zose ku mubiri wawe, bikongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara nyinshi zikomeye .
Kunywa itabi byongera ibyago byo kurwara ibihaha, indwara z'umutima, indwara z'amaso, diyabete, rubagimpande, kudakora neza k'uburibwe, ndetse n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa kanseri.
Ese ibihaha byawe bishobora gukira nyuma yo kureka kunywa itabi?
Yego, iyo uretse kunywa itabi, ibihaha byawe n'inzira z'ubuhumekero bishobora gutangira gukira. Mu byumweru bike nyuma yo kureka, ubushyuhe n'umusaruro w'ibicurane biragabanuka, kandi nyuma y'amezi make, cilia yawe (uturemangingo duto tumeze nk'ubwoya mu nzira z'ubuhumekero) itangira kongera gukura. Nubwo hari ibyangiritse (nk'indwara za COPD) bishobora kubaho burundu, umubiri wawe utangira inzira ikomeye yo gukira, kandi ibyago byo kurwara indwara nyinshi zishobora kubangamira ubuzima bigabanuka cyane uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Nareka gute kunywa itabi?
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwagaragaye bwo kugufasha kureka kunywa itabi. Bishobora gusaba kugerageza no kwibeshya kugira ngo ubone uburyo bukunogeye.
| Uburyo | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Turukiya ikonje | Kureka burundu icyarimwe nta bufasha. Ibi bishobora kugorana bitewe n'ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kureka. |
| Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yo gusimbuza nikotine (NRT) | Gukoresha ishinya, uduce duto, cyangwa utubuto two kunyweramo kugira ngo ugabanye irari rya nikotine. |
| Imiti yanditswe na muganga | Imiti nka bupropion cyangwa varenicline ishobora gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso byo kureka gusohora umuti neza. |
| Impinduka mu mibereho | Gushyiramo imyitozo ngororamubiri, guhindura gahunda, no kugira inama z’inzobere bishobora gufasha mu guca akamenyero. |
Igitekerezo cya nyuma kuri wewe…
Uretse ibikoresho ingirakamaro byagufasha kureka kunywa itabi, ni ingirakamaro cyane kwibuka inyungu z'igihe kirekire uzabona. Uzashobora kongera kuvumbura ibyo wakundaga, kongera kumva uburyohe bwawe bwose n'impumuro nziza, kurinda ubuzima bw'abakunzi bawe, kandi ushobora kuzigama amafaranga menshi. Ntutindiganye kuvugana n'inshuti zawe, umuryango wawe, n'abashinzwe ubuvuzi kugira ngo bagufashe —ubamenyeshe impinduka nziza urimo gukora n'uburyo bashobora kugufasha neza muri iki gihe. Wibuke ko, hamwe na Nirogi Lanka iruhande rwawe, ntabwo ugomba gukora uru rugendo wenyine.
