Ese nawe wifuza kumenya iby'iyi ndwara iterwa n'umubu? Reka tuvuge kuri Virusi ya St. Louis Encephalitis!

Imibu si abanyamahanga mu gihugu cyacu. Ariko se wari uzi ko hari imibu ishobora kwanduzanya indwara zikomeye? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idakunze kugaragara ariko ishobora guteza akaga yanduzwa n'imibu. Iyo ni Virusi ya St. Louis Encephalitis, cyangwa SLEV mu magambo ahinnye.

Virusi ya St. Louis Encephalitis (SLEV) ni iki? Ikwirakwizwa ite?

Muri make, iyi ni virusi ikwirakwizwa n'imibu. Yanduzwa by'umwihariko n'umubu wa Culex. Iyo iyi virusi yinjiye mu mubiri wawe, ikintu kibi cyane ni uko ishobora gutera kubyimba mu bwonko, ari byo kubyimba. Mu buvuzi, iyi ni indwara ya encephalitis.

Abantu benshi bandura indwara ya SLEV iyo barumwe n'umubu wanduye. Ariko, ntabwo yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, mu guhoberana, mu kunywa mu kirahuri kimwe, cyangwa mu gusomana. Ibyo birahumuriza cyane, si byo se? Ariko, ni gake cyane, ishobora kwandurira mu guterwa amaraso .

Ni hehe iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane? Ese ikunze kugaragara?

Iyi ndwara, yitwa SLEV, ntabwo ikunze kugaragara cyane. Abantu benshi bakunze kugaragara muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyane cyane mu ntara z'iburasirazuba, hagati, n'amajyepfo y'uburengerazuba. Ariko, aba barwayi nabo bagaragaye mu bihugu nka Arijantine, Kanada, Karayibe na Megizike.

Nk’uko Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara muri Amerika (CDC) kibitangaza, hagati ya 2003 na 2024, abantu barenga gato 300 banduye SLEV ni bo bagaragaye. Muri Amerika, iyi ndwara ikunze kubaho mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe, kuva muri Kamena kugeza mu Ukwakira. Ariko, mu bihe bishyushye, ishobora kubaho umwaka wose.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya SLEV?

Ibimenyetso bya SLEV biratandukanye. Hari igihe ushobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato, cyangwa ukaba ufite ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane bisanzwe.

Ibimenyetso byoroheje

Ibi ni ibimenyetso byoroheje bikunze kugaragara:

• Kumva unaniwe cyane (umunaniro)
• Umuriro
• Umutwe
• Intege nke z'imitsi
• Isesemi

Ibimenyetso bikomeye

Ariko, iyo SLEV ibaye ikomeye, ishobora gutera kubyimba ubwonko, ari nabyo twavuze mbere, indwara ya encephalite. Ibimenyetso birakomeye kurushaho:

• Impinduka mu mikorere y'ubwonko bwawe, nko kwitiranya ibintu, guhungabana no kubura icyerekezo
• Ijosi rikomeye
• Gutigita kw'ingingo (guhinda umushyitsi) mu buryo butunguranye

Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi agaragaje ibimenyetso byo guta ubwenge, ugomba kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze cy’ibitaro vuba bishoboka. Ni ingenzi cyane!

Mu bihe bikomeye bya SLEV, koma ndetse n'urupfu bishobora kubaho.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ibimenyetso bigaragare?

Ubusanzwe bifata iminsi ine kugeza kuri cumi n'ine kugira ngo ibimenyetso bya SLEV bigaragare nyuma y'uko umubu wanduye ukurumye. Ibi tubyita igihe cyo kwibasira, cyangwa igihe mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Indwara ya encephalite ya St. Louis ikura ite?

Imibu yandura SLEV ikoresheje kunyunyuza amaraso y'inyoni zanduye. Hanyuma, iyo iyi mibu yanduye ikuruma uruhu, ni ukuvuga iyo inyunyuje amaraso, virusi ya SLEV yinjira mu mubiri wawe. Icy'ingenzi ni uko abantu bafatwa nk' 'abapfa ku isi' iyi virusi. Uzi impamvu? Nta virusi nyinshi ufite mu maraso yawe, bityo ntushobora kwanduza undi muntu uwo ari we wese. Iyo umuntu anduye SLEV, ntagomba kwishyira mu kato, kwambara agapfukamunwa, cyangwa kwica udukoko mu ngo ze.

Ariko nk'uko twabivuze mbere, ni gake cyane, iyi ndwara ishobora kwandurira mu guterwa amaraso.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira ibi?

Virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis ni indwara idakunze kugaragara, ariko ushobora kuba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kwandura SLEV niba:

• Niba utuye cyangwa ukorera mu turere aho SLEV ikunze kugaragara cyane, cyane cyane hafi y'uturere aho imibu yororokera, nko mu mazi, mu bishanga, cyangwa mu mashyamba.
• Niba umara umwanya munini hanze mu turere dufite icyorezo, cyane cyane mu gitondo na nimugoroba, kuko ari bwo imibu iba ikunze kugaragara cyane.

Ni nde ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye bya SLEV?

Urashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye bya SLEV niba ibi bintu bikureba:

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 50.
• Niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke.
• Niba urwaye diyabete .

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis?

Nubwo SLEV yavurwa neza, ishobora gutera ingorane z'igihe kirekire. Ibi bivuze ko hari ibibazo bishobora kugumaho nubwo indwara yarangiye. Urugero:

• Impinduka mu myitwarire yawe. Ibi birimo ibintu nko kurakara vuba, guhangayika, kwiheba no kurakara.
• Kugorwa no kugenda.
• Kugorwa no kwibuka ibintu (kwibagirwa).
• Nanone, SLEV ishobora gutera ubumuga bwo mu mutwe ku bana bato .

Ni gute abaganga bapima virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis?

Muganga azabanza kukubaza amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, ibimenyetso, hanyuma agukorere isuzuma ry'umubiri. Hanyuma ashobora kukubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese wigeze ujya ahantu runaka vuba aha?
• Ese uherutse kurumwa n'imibu?
• Ni ryari imibu yarumaga?
• Ni ryari wabonye ibimenyetso bwa mbere?

Niba umuganga wawe akeka ko ufite SLEV, azagutegeka gupimwa amaraso. Ibi byitwa ikizamini cya serological. Ibi bireba antibody mu maraso yawe, cyane cyane antibody yitwa Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukora izi antibody kugira ngo zikurinde kwandura. Izi antibody kandi zikorerwa kurwanya ubwandu bwa SLEV.

Hari igihe abaganga bashobora kukugira inama yo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amazi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo (gupfundika umugongo / gupfundika lumbar) kugira ngo barebe niba hari antibodies za IgM mu mazi yo mu bwonko (CSF).

Indwara ya SLEV ivurwa ite?

Nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis. Ariko, niba ufite ibimenyetso byoroheje, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama ibi bikurikira:

• Ku bijyanye n'umutwe, fata imiti igabanya ububabare nka acetaminophen (urugero: Tylenol®), aspirine (urugero: Bayer®, Bufferin®), ibuprofen (urugero: Advil®, Motrin IB®), cyangwa naproxen sodium (urugero: Aleve®).
• Kunywa ibinyobwa byinshi, cyane cyane amazi, ni uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda umwuma.
• Imiti ivura isesemi no kuruka. Urugero, harimo bismuth subsalicylate (urugero: Pepto-Bismol®) n'umuti wa carbohydrate ugizwe na fosforasi (urugero: Emetrol®).

Ariko niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye, ushobora gukenera kujya mu bitaro no gukurikiranwa. Niba SLEV itera ububyimbirwe bukomeye mu bwonko bwawe, umuganga ubaga ashobora gukenera gukuramo igice cy'agahanga kawe (craniotomy) kugira ngo agabanye umuvuduko ku bwonko bwawe.

Ese SLEV ishobora kuvurwa n'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ziterwa na virusi?

Oya, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya SLEV ntishobora kuvura. Ibimenyetso byoroheje bishobora kugabanuka hakoreshejwe imiti itangwa mu kigo.

Ese hari urukingo rwa SLEV?

Oya, nta rukingo rwabonetse rushobora kurinda indwara ya SLEV.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Igihe bifata kugira ngo ukire giterwa n'uburemere bw'ubwandu. Mu bihe byoroheje, ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kurangira mu byumweru bike. Ariko, bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo bishire burundu.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bya virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis, cyane cyane niba uherutse kurumwa n'umubu, hita ubonana na muganga. Muganga ashobora gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, agakorera ibizamini byose bikenewe, akanakugira inama yo kuvura.

Ushobora kandi kubaza muganga ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese ibimenyetso byanjye birakomeye?
• Ese ngomba kujya mu bitaro?
• Ni ryari nzatangira kumva meze neza?
• Ni gute nakwitwara mu gihe ndi mu rugo?
• Ese hari ibimenyetso bikomeye nkwiye kumenya?
• Ese ngomba kugaruka kugira ngo nkurikirane gahunda yo kunkurikirana?

Ni iki nakwitega mu gihe mfite iyi ndwara?

Abantu benshi bandura virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis nta bimenyetso baba bafite, cyangwa ibimenyetso byabo ni bike cyane. Ushobora gukira mbere yuko virusi itera ububyimbirwe mu bwonko bwawe. Ariko, bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, cyane cyane niba ufite imyaka irenga 50, urwaye diyabete, cyangwa ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakora neza. Niba ufite ibimenyetso, gana muganga kugira ngo akugire inama. Azakubwira icyo ukwiye kwitega.

Ni ikihe gipimo cy'impfu ziterwa n'indwara ya St. Louis encephalitis?

Igipimo cy'impfu ku bantu barwaye SLEV kiri hagati ya 5 na 20 kuri 100. Iki gipimo kiri hejuru iyo ufite imyaka irenga 50 cyangwa ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (hypertension).

Ese virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis ishobora kwirindwa?

Nkuko twabivuze, nta rukingo ruhari rwo kwirinda virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda SLEV ni ukwirinda imibu. Ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo wirinde imibu:

• Irinde kujya mu turere aho SLEV ikunze kugaragara.
• Kwirinda amazi adatemba, nk'ibidendezi n'ibishanga. Nanone, guhora usuka amazi mu bwogero bw'inyoni, mu ndobo, mu macupa yo kuhira, no mu macupa y'imyanda. Ibi biterwa nuko imibu yororokera mu mazi adatemba.
• Gushyira ecran zifata neza ku madirishya n'inzugi z'inzu yawe.
• Gukoresha umuti wirukana udukoko iyo ugiye hanze.
• Mu gihe mumaranye umwanya hanze, ambara amashati maremare, ipantalo n'amasogisi.

Kuki ibi byitwa indwara ya St. Louis encephalitis?

Iyi ndwara yitwa St. Louis encephalitis kuko iyi virusi yagaragaye bwa mbere mu 1933 i St. Louis, muri Missouri, muri Amerika. Muri icyo gihe, abantu barenga 1.000 banduye iyi ndwara.

Ese nshobora gutanga amaraso niba mfite ubwandu bwa virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis?

Oya, ntushobora gutanga amaraso niba ufite ubwandu bwa SLEV. Ariko, ugomba kuba ushobora gutanga amaraso nyuma y'amezi ane ubwandu bumaze kugabanuka. Mbere yo gutanga amaraso, banza ubwire muganga niba uherutse kugira ubwandu bwa SLEV.

Akenshi, imibu irababaza gusa. Ariko rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwanduzanya indwara, kandi iyo ikuruma, ishobora no kukwanduza. Virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis ni imwe muri izo ndwara. Ku bantu benshi, ibyago byo kurwara cyane ni bike. Ariko ibimenyetso bikomeye, rimwe na rimwe bikaba byashyira ubuzima mu kaga, bishobora kubaho. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda ni ukwirinda imibu, cyane cyane mu turere SLEV ikunze kugaragaramo. Niba warumwe n'umubu ukagaragaza ibimenyetso bya SLEV, gana muganga. Ashobora kuvura ibimenyetso byawe kandi, nibiba ngombwa, akagukurikirana kugira ngo arebe ko bitarushaho kuba bibi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru

Virusi ya St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) ni indwara iterwa n'umubu ishobora gutera kubyimba ubwonko (encephalitis). Akenshi ntabwo yandurira mu muntu umwe.

• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuva ku byoroheje (umuriro, kuribwa umutwe) kugeza ku bikomeye (urujijo, ijosi rigakomera). Niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye, jya kwa muganga vuba.
• Nta muti cyangwa urukingo byihariye bihari. Ubuvuzi ni ubwo kuvura ibimenyetso.
• Igikuru ni ukwirinda imibu. Kora ibintu nko gukuraho amazi yanduye, gukoresha umuti wica imibu, no kwambara imyenda ipfuka umubiri wawe.
• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 50, ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye, cyangwa ufite diyabete, uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara ikomeye.
• Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ibimenyetso, ntuzigere utinda gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Encephalitis ya Mutagatifu Louis, SLEV, Imibu, Virusi, Ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko, Encephalitis, Ibimenyetso, Kwirinda