Ese nawe urwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Ese wumva unaniwe igihe cyose, ufite inyota? Cyangwa ukeneye kunyara kenshi? Ushobora gutekereza ko ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe. Ariko, ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'impinduka nini ziba mu mubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Ntugahangayike, iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara muri twe muri Sri Lanka. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu buryo bw'inshuti uyu munsi.

Mu magambo make, Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni iki?

Iyi ni indwara y'ubuzima bwose, ariko iyo ifashwe neza, nta cyakubuza kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bufite ubuzima bwiza.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo, hari imisemburo mu mubiri wacu ifasha uturemangingo guhindura isukari (glucose) mu byo turya igahinduka ingufu, kandi yitwa insuline . Iyi insuline ikorwa n'urugingo rwitwa pancreas. Muri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bibaho:

1. Kurwanya insuline: Nubwo umubiri wawe ukora insuline, uturemangingo twawe ntitwitabira neza. Ni nk'aho hari urufunguzo, ariko urufunguzo ruba rwafashe mu kanwa kawe. Bityo isukari iri mu maraso yawe ntishobora kwinjira mu turemangingo twawe ngo irundanye mu maraso yawe.

2. Kudakora insuline ihagije: Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uku kudakora insuline bituma pancreas ikora cyane kandi igakora insuline nyinshi. Nyuma y'igihe runaka, pancreas "irananirwa" ntishobora gukora insuline ihagije.

Mu bihe byashize, iyi ndwara yitwaga "diyabete itangira ku bantu bakuru." Ariko muri iki gihe, cyane cyane bitewe n'umubyibuho ukabije mu bwana, iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara no mu rubyiruko, ndetse no mu bana bato.

Ese nawe ufite ibi bimenyetso? Reba.

Ibimenyetso bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 rimwe na rimwe ntibigaragara neza. Niyo mpamvu hari abantu batazi ko barwaye diyabete. Menya neza ibi bimenyetso.

Ni izihe mpamvu n'ibintu bishobora gutera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2?

Nta mpamvu imwe ihari itera ibi. Biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye. Iyo ufite byinshi muri ibi bintu bishobora gutera diyabete, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara.

Ibintu udashobora guhindura

• Imyaka:Ingaruka ziba nyinshi iyo ufite imyaka irenga 45.
• Amateka y'umuryango: Niba nyoko, papa, musaza wawe, cyangwa mushiki wawe arwaye diyabete, nawe uri mu kaga gakomeye.
• Ingirabuzimafatizo: Ingaruka zimwe na zimwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo zishobora kubangamira ikorwa n'imikorere ya insuline.

Ibintu ushobora guhindura (ibi ni byo by'ingenzi cyane!)

• Umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa umubyibuho ukabije: Uko ufite ibiro byinshi ku mubiri, niko ibyago byo kurwara insuline birushaho kwiyongera.
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri bigira uruhare mu gutera diyabete.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso: Nubwo wagenzurwa n'imiti, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ni ikintu gishobora gutera ibyago.
• Urugero rwa cholesterol: Kugabanuka kw'urugero rwa cholesterol "nziza" (HDL) mu maraso no kwiyongera kw'urugero rwa triglycerides.
• Indyo: Kurya kenshi ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi, amavuta n'ifu.
• Kunywa itabi.
• Guhangayika no kubura ibitotsi.

Izindi ndwara

• Prediabetes: Indwara aho isukari iri hejuru y’ibisanzwe, ariko ikaba idahagije ku buryo ishobora gufatwa nk’indwara ya diyabete. Ibi ni nk'umuburo wa nyuma.
• Diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita: Iyo urwaye diyabete utwite, uba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 nyuma.
• Indwara y'intanga ngabo (PCOS): Iyi ndwara, ikunze kugaragara ku bagore, inafitanye isano no kudakora insuline.

Ni gute diyabete ipimwa neza?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru cyangwa ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga no gupimwa amaraso. Ubusanzwe ikizamini kimara iminsi ibiri kugira ngo hemezwe ko ufite indwara.

• Ikizamini cya A1c: Iki gipimo gipima impuzandengo y'isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 2-3 ashize. Iki ni cyo gipimo gikunze gukoreshwa cyane.
• Gupima Glucose yo mu maraso mu buryo bwo kwiyiriza ubusa (FPG): Iki ni ikizamini cy'amaraso gikorwa nyuma yo kwiyiriza ubusa (kutarya ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gihe cy'amasaha agera ku 8, kunywa amazi gusa).
• Ikizamini cyo kwihanganira isukari mu kanwa (OGTT): Muri iki kizamini, amaraso abanza gufatwa mu gihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa, hanyuma hagatangwa ikinyobwa kirimo isukari, hanyuma amaraso agafatwa nyuma y'amasaha abiri kugira ngo harebwe uko umubiri witabira isukari.

Uburyo bwo kuvura no gucunga: Uku ni ko tubyihanganira!

Kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni uruvange rw'impinduka mu mibereho, ndetse nibiba ngombwa, imiti.

1. Guhindura imibereho (iyi ni yo shingiro!)

Ushobora kuba ushobora kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe udafite imiti, ukoresheje gusa guhindura uburyo ubayeho.

• Indyo nziza:
• Gabanya karori:Genzura ingano y'ibiryo urya. Hindura isahani yacu y'umuceri nto hanyuma wuzuzemo imboga, ibyatsi n'imbuto.
• Gabanya ibintu biryoshye n'ifu: Gabanya ibintu nk'isukari, ibinyobwa biryoshye, keke, ibisuguti, n'umugati uko bishoboka kose.
• Ibiribwa bikungahaye kuri fibre: Kurya imbuto nyinshi, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, ingano n'imbuto z'ibinyampeke.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri:
• Kora ikintu nko kugenda n'amaguru, kugendera ku igare, cyangwa koga byibuze iminota 30 ku munsi.
• Uretse ibi, byaba byiza wongeyeho iminsi mike mu cyumweru imyitozo yo kongera imbaraga nka yoga no guterura ibiremereye.
• Kugabanya ibiro:
• Ndetse no kugabanya ibiro 5% - 7% by'umubiri wawe bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso, cholesterol, n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

2. Imiti

Niba guhindura imibereho byonyine bidashobora kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe, muganga wawe azakwandikira imiti.

Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane:

• Metformin: Uyu ni wo muti wa mbere utangwa na muganga. Ugabanya umusaruro w'isukari mu mwijima kandi ugafasha umubiri kwakira neza insuline.
• Sulfonylureas: Izi zifasha umubiri gukora insuline nyinshi.
• Ibinini bya DPP-4, ibinini bya SGLT2, ibinini bya GLP-1 receptor agonists: Iyi ni imiti mishya kandi ifasha mu kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso mu buryo butandukanye.
• Insulini: Hari igihe, iyo indi miti idahagije, inshinge za insuline zishobora gukenerwa. Iyi si yo ntambwe ya nyuma ya diyabete, ahubwo ni indi ntambwe yo kuyigenzura.

Dukingire ingorane ziterwa na diyabete.

Kuki dukora cyane kugira ngo tugabanye diyabete? Kubera ko isukari nyinshi mu maraso mu gihe kirekire ishobora kwangiza ingingo z'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu.

• Umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso: Ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima no gucika kw'imitsi byikuba kabiri.
• Impyiko: Hari ibyago byo kwangirika no kunanirwa kw'impyiko.
• Amaso: Imitsi y'amaraso mu maso ishobora kwangirika ndetse igatera no kutabona neza (Diabetic Retinopathy).
• Imitsi: Kwangirika kw'imitsi bishobora gutera kubura ibyiyumvo mu ngingo no kugira ibibazo byo mu igogora (Diabetic Neuropathy).
• Ibirenge: Bitewe n'uko amaraso atembera nabi no kwangirika kw'imitsi, hari amahirwe menshi ko ibikomere byo ku birenge bitazakira kandi bishobora kwandura.

Ntugatinye ibi byose. Iyo ugenzuye diyabete yawe neza, ushobora kwirinda byinshi muri ibi bibazo. Dore bimwe mu byo wakora:

• Gufata imiti ku gihe.
• Gukomeza indyo yuzuye.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Suzuma buri gihe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
• Suzuma amaso yawe, impyiko n'ibirenge byawe buri gihe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.