Ese uwo ukunda yibagiwe byose? Reka tuvuge kuri Dementia! (Dementia)

Ese mama wawe ugeze mu za bukuru, so, nyogokuru, cyangwa nyirasenge wibagirwa ibintu? Ese yibaza ikibazo kimwe kenshi? Ese akora ibintu nk'ibidashoboka cyangwa ahangayika kurusha mbere? Hari igihe dutekereza ko ibi bintu ari ibintu bisanzwe mu gusaza, ariko si ko bigenda buri gihe. Iyi ndwara ishobora kuba intangiriro y'indwara yitwa dementia. Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi, nk'aho twavuganye n'inshuti, tukumva ko turemerewe.

Mu by'ukuri 'Dementia' ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara yo kwibagirwa si indwara imwe. Ni uruhurirane rw'ibimenyetso biterwa n'indwara zitandukanye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi kibaho muri ibi ni uko uturemangingo tw'ubwonko bwacu twangiritse kandi itumanaho riri hagati yatwo, ni ukuvuga guhanahana ubutumwa, rikabura. Tekereza ubwonko bwacu nk'ibiro mu kigo kinini. Buri gice gikora ukwacyo. Hari igice cyo kwibuka, igice gifasha mu kuvuga, n'igice cyo gufata ibyemezo. Mu ndwara yo kwibagirwa, isano iri hagati y'ibi bice irabura, kandi akazi k'ibiro byose kaba akajagari.

Ingaruka zabyo ni uko ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, kwibuka no gutekereza bugabanuka ku buryo batabasha gukora imirimo yabo ya buri munsi bonyine.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'indwara yo kwibagirwa no gusaza bisanzwe?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bafite. Reka tubisobanukirwe neza.

Ese indwara ya dementia na Alzheimer ni kimwe?

Oya. Aha ni ahantu abantu benshi bahurira n'urujijo. Tekereza 'dementia' nk'ubwoko bunini bwitwa 'imbuto'. 'Alzheimer's' ni nk' 'mango' muri urwo rwego rw'imbuto. Ni ukuvuga ko, mu mpamvu nyinshi zitera dementia , impamvu ikunze kugaragara kandi nyamukuru ni indwara ya Alzheimer . 70%-80% by'abarwayi ba dementia bafite iyi ndwara. Ariko uretse ibi, hari izindi mpamvu hafi 50 zishobora kugira ingaruka ku dementia.

Ni izihe mpamvu z'ingenzi zitera indwara yo kwibagirwa?

Uretse indwara ya Alzheimer, hari n'ubundi bwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwa dementia.

1. Kubura amaraso mu mitsi: Ibi biterwa no kuziba cyangwa kwangirika kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko. Indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, cholesterol nyinshi, na stroke byongera ibyago byo kurwara.

2. Lewy Body Dementia (LBD): Iyi ndwara iterwa no kwirundanya kwa poroteyine zidasanzwe zitwa "Lewy bodies" mu turemangingo tw'ubwonko. Uretse gutakaza kwibuka, ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no kugenda, guhinda umushyitsi (bisa n'ibimenyetso bya Parkinson), gusinzira ku manywa, no kubona ibintu nk'ibintu bitagaragara ni byo bikunze kugaragara muri iyi ndwara.

3. Dementia yo mu bwonko bw'imbere n'ubwonko (FTD): Iyi ni indwara aho imbere n'impande z'ubwonko byangirika. Ibi bitera impinduka mu myitwarire, mu mico no mu mvugo, aho guhindura mu mutwe. Umuntu wari utuje cyane ashobora guhita arakara cyangwa akigunga. Cyangwa se ashobora kuvuga cyane.

4. Indwara yo mu bwonko ivanze: Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwoko bubiri cyangwa burenze bwa dementia icyarimwe. Urugero, indwara ya Alzheimer n'indwara yo mu bwonko iterwa no kudasobanukirwa imitsi bishobora kubaho.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso tugomba kwitondera?

Reba niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite ibi bimenyetso. Ntugatinye kubyita indwara yo kwibagirwa indwara bitewe nuko ufite kimwe cyangwa bibiri, ariko niba bikomeje, ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga.

• Gutakaza kwibuka by'igihe gito: Kwibagirwa ibyavuzwe mu gihe gito gishize, ukibaza ikibazo kimwe inshuro nyinshi, ukibagirwa aho ibintu byari biri.
• Ibibazo byo kuvugana: Kugorwa no kubona amagambo akwiye, guhagarara hagati mu kiganiro, kugorwa no kumva ibyo abandi bavuga.
• Kuzimira ndetse no mu bice bisanzwe: Kutabasha kubona aho ugana ndetse no mu mudugudu wawe cyangwa mu mujyi wawe.
• Kugorwa no kurangiza imirimo igoye: Ibintu byari byoroshye gukora, nko guhinga, kwishyura fagitire, no gucunga amafaranga y'urugo, ubu ntibigishoboka.
• Impinduka mu miterere n'imyitwarire: guhangayika, gukeka abandi, kwiheba, gushaka kuba wenyine, cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse.
• Kugorwa no gufata ibyemezo: Kudashobora gutekereza neza no guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi.
• Impinduka mu mikorere y'ibitotsi: Kubura ibitotsi nijoro no gusinzira cyane ku manywa.
• Kubona cyangwa kumva ibintu bitahari (Hallucinations): Kubona abantu cyangwa inyamaswa zitahari mu by'ukuri.

Ni gute indwara yo kwibagirwa (dementia) ipimwa?

Ikizamini kimwe ntikishobora kumenya niba ufite indwara yo kwibagirwa cyangwa udafite. Muganga wawe azagukorera ibizamini byinshi kuri ibi.

1. Ikiganiro: Muganga aganira n'umurwayi n'umuryango we akabaza ibimenyetso, igihe byatangiriye, n'izindi ndwara iyo ari yo yose.

2. Gupima kwibuka no gutekereza: Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima kwibuka, nko kubaza ibibazo byoroshye no gushushanya amashusho.

3. Gupima amaraso: Reba izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa n'indwara yo kwibagirwa, nko kubura vitamine B12 n'ibibazo by'imisemburo ya tiroyide.

4. Gupima ubwonko: Gupima CT cyangwa MRI bishobora gusuzuma ko ubwonko bwagabanutse, ko nta byangiritse bitewe n’indwara zo mu bwonko, cyangwa ibibyimba.

Nyuma yo gusuzuma ibi byose, muganga ahita abona niba iyi ari indwara yo kwibagirwa, kandi niba ari yo, ni iyihe.

Ese hari uburyo bwo kuvura? Dukwiye gukora iki?

Ikibabaje ni uko ubwoko bwinshi bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa budashobora gukira burundu. Ariko ibimenyetso birashobora gukemurwa, iterambere ry'indwara rigatinda, kandi ubuzima bw'umurwayi n'umuryango we bugatera imbere.

Ibi bintu ni ingenzi mu kuvura:

• Ubwoko bw'imiti:Mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa, nka Alzheimer's, hari imiti (nk'iyitwa 'Cholinesterase inhibitors', 'Memantine') ishobora gufasha kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gutekereza no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'ibimenyetso. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukwandikira imiti ifasha mu gucunga ibintu nko guhindagurika no kwiheba. Ntukigere ukoresha iyi miti udahawe inama na muganga wawe.
• Ubuvuzi bw'Akazi: Umuvuzi w'akazi ashobora gufasha umurwayi gukora imirimo ye ku giti cye uko bishoboka kose, agatuma urugo rwe rugira umutekano ku murwayi, kandi akamwigisha imyitozo yoroshye ituma yongera kwibuka.
• Guhindura imibereho: Indyo yuzuye, imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho , gukomeza gusabana n'abandi, no kurwanya indwara nk'umuvuduko w'amaraso na diyabete ni ingenzi cyane.

Ibintu ushobora gukora nk'umurwayi w'umuntu ufite indwara yo kwibagirwa

Kwita ku muntu urwaye indwara yo kwibagirwa ntabwo byoroshye. Ni ukwiyemeza cyane. Ibi bintu ujye ubyibuka kugira ngo bigufashe.

• Wihangane: Ntukarakare niba bagusabye cyangwa bavuze ikintu kimwe inshuro nyinshi. Ntibabikora babitewe n'ubugome.
• Vugana mu buryo bworoshye: Vuga neza mu nteruro ngufi kandi zoroshye. Ntutange amabwiriza menshi icyarimwe.
• Kora gahunda ihoraho: Shyiraho igihe gihoraho cyo kurya, kwiyuhagira no kuryama. Ibi bizagabanya urujijo rwabo.
• Tekereza ku mutekano: Bika ibintu biteje akaga nk'imihoro n'ikibiriti ahantu bitagera. Witondere kuko bishobora kugenda byonyine bikayobera.
• Tekereza kuri wowe ubwawe: Mu gihe wita ku murwayi, tekereza ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri. Niba unaniwe, saba ubufasha ku bandi bagize umuryango. Niba bibaye ngombwa, shaka inama.