Niba usanzwe urwaye kanseri y'inkari, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi kandi uhangayikishijwe na yo. Ariko ibuka ko ubu hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura bukora neza. Muri iyi nkuru, tuzavuga kuri ubwo buryo bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.
Guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura biterwa n'ibintu byinshi , harimo imyaka yawe, aho kanseri yakwirakwiriye (ibi nibyo abaganga bita "icyiciro" cya kanseri), n'izindi ndwara ufite .
Uburyo bwo kumenya ikwirakwira rya kanseri
Mu magambo make, uburyo kanseri yakwirakwiriye bushobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu by'ingenzi:
- Kanseri yo hejuru: Ibi bivuze ko kanseri itarakwirakwira mu gice cy'urukuta rw'uruhago rwawe. Ibi bivuze ko iri mu gice cyo hejuru gusa.
- Kanseri itera imitsi: Aha ngaha, uturemangingo twa kanseri twakwirakwiriye mu mitsi y'uruhago.
- Iterambere cyangwa Itera Iterambere: Iki ni icyiciro gikomeye aho kanseri yakwirakwiriye hirya y'uruhago, ikagera no mu tunyangingo tw'amaraso twegereye, cyangwa izindi ngingo, nk'ibihaha.
Abantu benshi barwaye kanseri y'inkari bakeneye kubagwa. Ariko rimwe na rimwe kubagwa byonyine bishobora kudashobora gukuraho burundu indwara. Muri icyo gihe, ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gukoreshwa hamwe no kubagwa cyangwa aho kubagwa. Urugero , hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubukana, imirasire, na immunotherapy .
Kubaga TURBT
Uburyo bwo kubaga kanseri y'inkari isanzwe mu gihe cyo hambere bwitwa transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Izina ryuzuye ry'ibi ni Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor. Muri ubu buryo, abaganga bafata ingero z'uturemangingo mu ruhago rwawe kugira ngo barebe niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye. Cyangwa, bashobora gukoresha ubu buryo kugira ngo bakureho ikibyimba.
Mbere y'uku kubagwa, ushobora gupimwa amaraso no gupimwa X-ray mu gituza kugira ngo urebe niba umeze neza kuri byo. Ariko, muri uku kubagwa , nta bisebe biba ku ruhu rwawe. Muganga yinjira mu ruhago rwawe anyuze mu muyoboro w'inkari, umuyoboro w'inkari unyuramo.
Mbere yo kubagwa, uzahabwa ikinya rusange, kigutera gusinzira neza, cyangwa ikinya cy’akarere, kigutera gusa gucika intege igice cyo hasi cy’umubiri wawe.
Hanyuma umuganga akoresha igikoresho cyihariye cyitwa cystoscope. Iki ni umuyoboro muto, muremure kandi woroshye. Ku iherezo ryacyo hari kamera, urumuri, n'igikoresho gito gishobora gukata no gukuraho kanseri. Ibi binyuzwa mu muyoboro w'inkari bijya mu ruhago, maze kamera ikoreshwa mu kureba imbere mu ruhago. Muri ubwo buryo, kanseri cyangwa ingingo birakurwaho, hanyuma hagashyirwaho ubushyuhe kugira ngo amaraso ahagarike.
Ingero z'uturemangingo twakuwe muri ubu buryo zoherezwa muri laboratwari hanyuma zigasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi kugira ngo harebwe niba harimo uturemangingo twa kanseri.
Nyuma yo kubagwa, umuyoboro witwa catheter uzashyirwa mu ruhago rwawe. Ibi bizasohora inkari mu gafuka. Ushobora kuzibika mu mwanya wazo iminsi mike. Ibi bishobora kugorana gato nyuma y'uko ikinyabutabire kirangiye. Abagabo rimwe na rimwe bashobora kugira ububabare ku mutwe w'igitsina cyabo. Ibi nibibaho, bibwira muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo. Ifu igabanya ububabare ishobora gukoreshwa mu kugufasha.
Abantu benshi bajya mu rugo umunsi umwe wo kubagwa. Ariko, niba ikibyimba ari kinini, ushobora gukenera kurara mu bitaro ijoro ryose. Ushobora kubona amaraso mu nkari zawe mu gihe cy'iminsi itatu nyuma yo kubagwa. Nywa nibura ibirahuri 8-10 by'amazi ku munsi kugira ngo uvanemo uruhago rwawe. Ibi kandi bishobora gufasha kwirinda kwandura indwara.
Kubaga cystectomy
Muri iki gikorwa cyo kubaga, muganga akuramo igice cy'uruhago rwawe (`Partial Cystectomy`) cyangwa uruhago rwawe rwose (`Radical Cystectomy`).
- Gucibwa igice cy’uruhago: Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gukorwa iyo kanseri yakwirakwiriye mu mitsi y’uruhago ariko ikaba ikiri nto.
- Guca ururenda mu ruhago: Iyo kanseri ari nini cyangwa yakwirakwiriye mu bice byinshi by'uruhago, muganga azakuraho uruhago rwose n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi tuyikikije. Iyo kanseri imaze gukwirakwira cyane, imyanya myibarukiro iyikikije ishobora no gukurwaho.
- Ku bagore: nyababyeyi, umura, igice cy'igitsina gore, intanga ngabo, n'imiyoboro y'inda bishobora gukurwaho.
- Ku bagabo: Indwara ya prostate n'uturemangingo tw'imisemburo bishobora gukurwaho.
Uzaterwa ikinya muri ubu bubagwa, bityo ntuzumva ububabare. Uzamara icyumweru kimwe mu bitaro nyuma yo kubagwa. Uzashobora gusubira mu buzima busanzwe mu byumweru bike.
Ubundi buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura
Uretse kubagwa, hari ubundi buryo bwinshi bw'ingenzi kandi butanga umusaruro mu kuvura.
| Uburyo bwo kuvura | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Uburyo bwo kuvura BCG | Ubu kandi ni ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Amazi arimo agakoko ka Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) (ubwoko bwa bagiteri itera igituntu, ariko ntitera indwara) ashyirwa mu ruhago binyuze muri catheter. Ibi bituma uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri twinjira mu ruhago tugatangira kurwanya uturemangingo twa kanseri. |
| Chimiotherapie yo mu mitsi | Udukoko twa chimiotherapie dushyirwa mu ruhago binyuze muri catheter kugira ngo twice uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi bikoreshwa iyo ubuvuzi bwa BCG budafashe neza. |
| Ubuvuzi bwa Chimiotherapie bwo mu mubiri | Iyi ni imiti itangwa binyuze mu mitsi (IV) cyangwa nk'ibinini. Inyura mu maraso mu mubiri wose, ikica uturemangingo twa kanseri twakwirakwiriye hirya y'uruhago. Itangwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo kuvura. |
| Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire | Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bukoresha imirasire ifite ingufu nyinshi, nka X-rays zikomeye, kugira ngo busenye uturemangingo twa kanseri. Nta bubabare bukabije. Bushobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi, iminsi igera kuri 5 mu cyumweru. |
| Kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi | Kugira ngo hirindwe kubagwa kugira ngo haveho uruhago, imiti ya chimiotherapie n'imirasire bitangwa hamwe. |
Uburyo bugezweho kandi bugezweho bwo kuvura
Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi, habayeho uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura kanseri y'inkari.
Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Icyo ibi bikora ni ugukoresha ubudahangarwa bwawe bwite bw'umubiri kugira ngo wibasire kanseri. Tekereza nk'aho ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri bufite 'ahantu ho kugenzura'. Aha niho hadufasha kumenya uturemangingo dusanzwe n'abanzi tugomba kurwanya. Uturemangingo twa kanseri ni amayeri menshi, duhuza n'utwo dusanduku kandi tugashuka ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ngo butekereze buti 'Ndi umwe muri mwe, ntimunyibasire.' Rero icyo iyi miti ya ``Checkpoint Inhibitor`` ikora ni uguhagarika ubwo buriganya. Hanyuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bushobora kumenya no kwibasira uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ingero zimwe ni imiti nka ``Atezolizumab``, ``Nivolumab``, ``Pembrolizumab```.
Ubuvuzi bwibasiwe
Ibi bikubiyemo gutanga imiti yibanda ku mpinduka zihariye za gene (impinduka za gene) ziboneka gusa mu turemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi bituma uturemangingo tuzima tutangirika cyane. Urugero ni ubwoko bw'imiti yitwa FGFR inhibitors.
Ubuvuzi bw'uturemangingo
Ubu ni uburyo bushya bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya gene. Bushobora kuba ari uburyo bwo kuvura bamwe mu barwayi batabashije kuvura BCG neza. Imiti nka `Nadofaragene firadenovec (Adstiladrin)` ikora mu gushyira gene irwanya kanseri mu ruhago no gukangura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
Icy'ingenzi: Kuganira kuri ubu buryo bwose bwo kuvura, ibyiza byabwo, ibibi byabwo, n'ingaruka mbi, na muganga wawe mu buryo bweruye ni ingenzi kugira ngo uhitemo ikikubereye.
Ese natwe tugomba kwiga ku igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi?
Abahanga mu bya siyansi n'abaganga bahora bakora ubushakashatsi ku miti mishya kandi ifite akamaro kurushaho ndetse n'uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri y'inkari. Ubu buryo bushya bwo kuvura bugomba gupimwa kugira ngo bumenyekane umutekano n'ubushobozi mbere yo guhabwa abarwayi. Ubu bwoko bw'ubushakashatsi bwitwa igerageza ry'ubuvuzi.
Abarwayi bamwe batinya kubyivangamo, bibwira ko nta buvuzi bazahabwa. Ariko mu by'ukuri, mu igeragezwa rya muganga, umurwayi ahabwa ubuvuzi bwiza busanzwe buhari, cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bwiza bushobora kuboneka mu gihe kizaza. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya niba uburyo bushya bwo kuvura buruta ubundi busanzwe.
Impuguke igira inama iti: "Buri gihe baza umuganga wawe wa kanseri ku bijyanye n'amahirwe yo kugerageza kwa muganga . Ubwo ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya uburyo bushya bwo kuvura."
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Niba usanzwe urwaye kanseri y'inkari, ntugatinye ahubwo korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'ibintu nk'imyaka yawe, aho kanseri igeze (urugero imaze gukwirakwira), ndetse n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.
- Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura kanseri yo mu cyiciro cya mbere ni TURBT surgery.
- Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi buryo bwinshi bwo kuvura butanga umusaruro, nko kubaga cystectomy, chemotherapy, therapy hakoreshejwe imirasire, immunotherapy, therapy hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, na gene therapy.
- Ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe ibyerekeye uburyo bushya bwo kuvura n'igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi.
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