Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye kandi uhangayitse rimwe na rimwe bitewe n'ibintu bibaho mu buzima bwacu. Ntabwo bitangaje kumva ubabaye rimwe na rimwe, nko iyo upfushije uwo ukunda, utsinzwe ikizamini, cyangwa ubuze akazi. Ariko se, wumva uhora ubabaye kandi wihebye nta mpamvu cyangwa impamvu nto? Ese wihebye cyane ku buryo utabasha no gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi? Niba ari uko bimeze, bishobora kuba ari ikintu kirenze agahinda gasanzwe, bivuze ko gishobora kuba ari ukwiheba, indwara ikomeye isaba kuvurwa. Ahantu heza ho kuganira kuri ibi ni muganga w'umuryango wawe. Ashobora kugupima iyi ndwara no kugufasha kuvura ibimenyetso.
Kwiheba ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Muri make, kwiheba ni indwara yo mu mutwe igira ingaruka ku bwenge bwacu, ku byiyumvo byacu, ku bitekerezo byacu no ku mubiri wacu. Ntabwo ari nk'agahinda gasanzwe. Igira ingaruka ku bantu barenga miliyoni 300 ku isi yose. Nk'uko bivugwa n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), kwiheba ni yo mpamvu ya mbere itera ubumuga ku isi.
Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose. Ishobora kwibasira abana, ingimbi n'abangavu. Ariko, ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu bari mu kigero cy'imyaka mirongo itatu. Ihungabana ry'imitekerereze rikunze kugaragara no mu bantu bakuze. Hari abantu batekereza ko ari ibisanzwe kumva bababaye uko bakura, nko iyo bapfushije uwo bashakanye, babuze inshuti, cyangwa barwaye indwara. Ibyo ni ukuri, ariko ihungabana si igisubizo gisanzwe; ni indwara isaba kuvurwa.
Ushobora kandi kuba warumvise ibyerekeye kwiheba nyuma yo kubyara, indwara bamwe mu bagore bahura nayo nyuma yo kubyara. Abagore bagera kuri 15% bahura na yo. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kumara ibyumweru bike kugeza ku myaka mike. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko abagore hafi ya bose bahuye na yo bashobora gukira iyo bafashijwe n'inzobere.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara yo kwiheba?
Ihungabana ntiriza mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Riza mu bwoko butandukanye n'urwego rutandukanye. Reka turebe bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi. Kugira ngo byoroshye kubyumva, ndakwereka imbonerahamwe nk'iyi.
| Ubwoko bw'ihungabana | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Igisubizo cy'Ihungabana | Ibi bibaho bitewe n'ikibazo cy'ingutu mu buzima, nko gutakaza akazi cyangwa gusenya umubano. Mu buvuzi, ibi byitwa kandi 'stress response syndrome' cyangwa 'depression adjustment disorder with depression mood' . Nubwo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bikomeye, keretse habayeho impinduka zikomeye mu gusinzira cyangwa ubushake bwo kurya, cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, imiti akenshi ntikenewe. Iyi ndwara ikunze kurangira mu byumweru bibiri kugeza ku mezi atandatu. |
| Ihungabana rikomeye | Iyi ni indwara ikomeye. Ishobora gutuma umuntu adashobora gukora imirimo ya buri munsi, kwitandukanya n'abandi, ndetse no kwiyahura. Uretse kwiheba, hari n'ibindi bimenyetso, nko kubura ubushake mu bikorwa yakundaga mbere, umunaniro ukabije, ibibazo byo gusinzira, no kumva afite icyaha. Mu bihe bikomeye, hari kwibeshya, nko kwizera ko yakoze icyaha gikomeye cyangwa agiye gupfa, cyangwa se kubona ibintu nk'ibyo, nko kumva amajwi amunenga, bishobora kugaruka. Iyi ni indwara ishobora kongera kugaruka. |
| Dysthymia | Iyi ni indwara yo kwiheba ku rwego rwo hasi, ariko imara igihe kirekire. Ishobora kumara imyaka ibiri ku bantu bakuru, ndetse no kugeza ku mwaka umwe ku bana no ku rubyiruko. Nubwo ibimenyetso bidakomeye nk'indwara yo kwiheba ikomeye, ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'umuntu kuko ikomeza. Mu buvuzi bwa none, iyi ndwara ishyirwa mu cyiciro cya ``indwara yo kwiheba ihoraho`` . |
Igikuru ni ukuganira na muganga ku bimenyetso byose ufite. Ntugerageze kumenya icyo ufite wenyine.
Kuki ducika intege? Ni izihe mpamvu?
Mu by’ukuri, nta mpamvu n’imwe yihariye itera ihungabana iraboneka kugeza ubu. Ifatwa nk’indwara ikomeye iterwa n’uruvange rw’ibintu bigize imiterere y’umubiri, ibidukikije, n’ibinyabuzima.
Tekereza ubwonko bwacu nk'uburyo bugoye bw'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Hari imiti itwara ubutumwa muri iyo miyoboro. Tuyita iyi mikorobe. Ushobora kuba warumvise ibyayo nka serotonin, norepinephrine, na dopamine. Iyi miti ni ingenzi kugira ngo imiyoboro y'ubwonko igenzura amarangamutima yacu, ibitekerezo byacu, n'imyitwarire yacu ikore neza. Abashakashatsi bemeza ko hari ubusumbane mu mikorere y'iyi miti mu bwonko bw'umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kwiheba, cyangwa intege nke mu mikorere y'iyi miyoboro. Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura kwiheba ikora kugira ngo ihuze imikorere y'iyi miti.
Nanone, hari ingaruka z’uturemangingo kuri iyi ndwara. Iyo umuntu mu muryango afite ikibazo cy’ihungabana, ibyago byo kurwara abandi biriyongeraho gato. Kimwe na diyabete n’indwara z’umutima. Ariko kugira ingaruka z’uturemangingo gusa ntibivuze ko umuntu azarwara indwara y’ihungabana. Biterwa kandi n’ibindi bintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije n’imibereho.
Ibintu byongera ibyago byo kwiheba
Hari ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago byo kurwara ihungabana cyangwa bikarushaho kwiyongera. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.
- Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina: Guhohoterwa ku mubiri, mu buryo bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa mu buryo bw'amarangamutima ukiri umwana bishobora kuba impamvu yo kwiheba mu myaka yashize.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa indwara y'umwijima ishobora kongera ibyago byo kwiheba. Niba ufite impungenge ku miti ufata, vugana na muganga wawe.
- Amakimbirane: Kwiheba bishobora guterwa no kutumvikana ku giti cyawe no gutongana n'umuryango cyangwa inshuti.
- Urupfu cyangwa kubura uwo ukunda: Nubwo agahinda ko kubura uwo ukunda ari ibisanzwe, gashobora kuvamo kwiheba ku muntu ufite imiterere y’uturemangingo.
- Ingaruka z'uturemangingo: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, amateka y'umuryango nayo agira uruhare.
- Impinduka zikomeye mu buzima: Ndetse n'ibintu byiza nko gutangira akazi gashya, kubona impamyabumenyi, cyangwa gushaka bishobora guteza imihangayiko kuri bamwe bigatuma barwara ihungabana. Ibyo ni nako bigenda no kwimuka, gutakaza akazi, gutandukana cyangwa kujya mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru.
- Izindi ngorane z'umuntu ku giti cye: Kwigunga mu bandi, kwigunga, n'ibibazo biterwa n'izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe nabyo bishobora gutera kwiheba.
- Indwara zikomeye z'umubiri: Hari igihe kwiheba bishobora guterwa n'indwara zikomeye, nka kanseri cyangwa indwara z'umutima, cyangwa bikaba byaterwa n'iyo ndwara.
- Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n'inzoga: Byagaragaye ko hafi 30% by'abasinzirijwe n'ibiyobyabwenge nabo bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kwiheba.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kwiheba si agahinda gusa, ahubwo ni indwara nyayo isaba kuvurwa.
- Ibi si intege nke cyangwa ikintu cyo gutekerezaho. Iki kibazo gishobora kubaho ku muntu uwo ari we wese, mu myaka iyo ari yo yose.
- Ihungabana rishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe ubufasha. Intambwe ya mbere nziza ni ukuganira na muganga wizewe.
- Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka ntubireke. Mutere inkunga yo gushaka ubufasha. Iyo avuwe neza, ashobora kongera kubaho ubuzima bwiza.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment