Ese ufite ikibazo cyo kwita ku bintu nk'umuntu mukuru? Reka tuvuge kuri ADHD y'abantu bakuru

Ese hari igihe wibaza uti "Kuki ntashobora kwibanda ku kintu kimwe kimwe?" Cyangwa urakara vuba, ukumva ubwenge bwawe burimo kuzerera, kandi ukumva ntaho buri? Niba warahuye n'ibi bibazo kuva mu bwana bwawe kandi uracyabirwanya uyu munsi, ushobora kuba urwaye indwara yitwa ADHD y'abantu bakuru utabizi. Ibi si ikintu cyo kugira isoni. Ni indwara igira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwawe bukora . Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi burambuye.

Mu by'ukuri ADHD y'abantu bakuru ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ADHD y'abantu bakuru (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ni indwara aho ubwonko bwawe bugorwa no kwita ku kintu kimwe. Ibi bishobora gutuma ugira ubushake bwo gukora ibintu bukabije.

Igikuru ni uko niba umuntu mukuru afite ADHD, igomba kuba yarabayeho kuva akiri umwana. Hari abantu bayisangamo bakiri bato. Ariko hari abantu bayibona gusa bamaze gukura. Si abantu bose barwaye ADHD bakiri abana bazayivamo bamaze gukura. Abantu benshi bakomeza kuyirwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'umuntu urwaye ADHD?

Abantu bose bafite ADHD ntibameze kimwe. Ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kuva ku byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye. Hari igihe bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe, ubundi bikaba bitabaho cyane. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kubaho igihe cyose, cyangwa bikabaho gusa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Reba imbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo urebe niba ibi bintu ari ibintu bisanzwe kuri wewe.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa ADHD?

Yego, ADHD igabanyijemo ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi.

1. ADHD yo kutita ku bintu: Aba bantu bakunze kugira ibibazo byo kwita ku bintu. Basa n'aho bayoba mu nzozi zo ku manywa, bagashyira ibintu mu mwanya mubi, kandi akenshi bagatakaza ibintu. Ibi byari bisanzwe byitwa ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder).

2. ADHD ikabije/ihindagurika: Aba bantu barangwa ahanini no kudatuza no guhubuka. Bahora badatuje, bagorwa no kuguma ahantu hamwe, kuvuga cyane, no guhagarika abandi iyo barimo kuvuga.

3. ADH D ivanze: Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Aba bantu bafite ubwoko bubiri bwavuzwe haruguru.

Ni iyihe mpamvu nyayo itera ADHD?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza 100% impamvu nyayo itera ADHD. Ariko ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje neza ko ari indwara ikomoka ku murage . Ibi bivuze ko niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe (ababyeyi, abavandimwe) afite ADHD, nawe ushobora kuyirwara.

Nanone, hari itandukaniro mu miterere n'imikorere y'ubwonko bw'abantu bafite ADHD. Ubwonko bwabo bufata igihe kirekire kugira ngo bukure neza. Ibinyabutabire bijyana ubutumwa hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko (neurotransmitters) na byo bikora mu buryo butandukanye.

Wamenya ute neza ko ufite ADHD?

Nta kizamini kimwe gihari cyo gusuzuma ADHD. Niba ukeka ko ufite iyo ndwara, icyiza wakora ni ukujya kwa muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe ufite uburambe muri ADHD.

Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Bazagusaba ko ukorerwa isuzuma ryuzuye rya muganga kugira ngo barebe niba hari indi mpamvu y’umubiri itera ibimenyetso byawe.
• Hari ibizamini bimwe na bimwe by'amaraso bishobora kuba inama.
• Bivuga ku isuzuma ry'imitekerereze kugira ngo wumve uko imitekerereze yawe ihagaze.
• Uzabibazwa ibibazo byinshi ku bwana bwawe. Kubera ko ADHD idakura mu buryo butunguranye ku bantu bakuru, ni ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso byagaragaye kuva mu bwana.
• Saba kureba ikarita yawe ya raporo y'ishuri (reba niba hari inyandiko z'abarimu zivuga ku manota make, kutita ku ntego, n'imyitwarire mibi nubwo washoboye gukora neza).
• Ganira n'ababyeyi bawe ubaze imyitwarire yawe nk'umwana.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ADHD?

Ubusanzwe ADHD ivurwa binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe azashyiraho gahunda yo kuvura ijyanye nawe, ihuza imiti, ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire, n'impinduka mu mibereho yawe.

1. Imiti

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'imiti ivura ADHD.

• Ibitera imbaraga: Ibi ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa cyane. Iyi miti iringaniza imiti iri mu bwonko igenzura uburyo umuntu yumva ibintu n'ingufu. Ingero z'iyi miti zirimo `Methylphenidate (Ritalin)` na `Amphetamine`. Iyi miti irakora cyane.
• Ibidatera imbaraga: Hari abantu bahabwa ubwoko bw'imiti iyo imiti itera imbaraga idakwiye cyangwa iyo ifite ingaruka mbi nyinshi. `Atomoxetine (Strattera)` ni umwe muri iyo miti.

Icy'ingenzi: Iyi miti igomba gukoreshwa gusa ubanje kugirwa inama na muganga. Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe izindi ndwara zose ufite cyangwa indi miti ufata.

2. Ubuvuzi

Kimwe n'imiti, ubuvuzi nabwo ni ingenzi cyane mu kuvura ADHD.

• Ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe no mu myitwarire (CBT): Ibi bigufasha kumenya no guhindura uburyo bwo gutekereza, kunoza ubuhanga bwawe bwo guhangana n'ibibazo, no kunoza imyitwarire yawe. Bishobora kandi kugufasha kwiyubakamo icyizere.
• Kurwanya Stress: Itoze uburyo butandukanye (urugero: imyitozo yo guhumeka) kugira ngo ugabanye stress iterwa na ADHD.
• Gutoza mu buzima: Gukorana n'inzobere kugira ngo bigufashe kwishyiriraho intego, koroshya ubuzima bwawe, no kugira gahunda.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gufasha mu gihe ubana na ADHD

Uretse kuvurwa, hari byinshi ushobora gukora ubwawe kugira ngo worohereze ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

• Tegura gahunda yawe: Kora urutonde rw'ibyo ugomba gukora mbere yuko utangira umunsi wawe. Gabanya imirimo minini mo mito. Koresha gahunda ya buri munsi cyangwa porogaramu yo kwibutsa kuri telefoni yawe.
• Gabanya ibintu bikurangaza: Mu gihe ukora akazi, shyira ibintu nka televiziyo na telefoni ahantu hatuje. Niba bishoboka, korera ahantu hatuje.
• Shaka imbaraga z'inyongera: Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuguma ahantu hamwe, kora siporo iminota 20-30 ku munsi. Genda, wiruke, kina siporo ukunda. Ibi bizatuza ubwenge bwawe kandi binoze kwibanda ku bintu.
• Tegereza akanya gato mbere yo gufata ibyemezo bitunguranye: Iyo urakaye kandi ukumva ushaka kuvuga/gukora ikintu ako kanya, humeka buhoro hanyuma ubare kugeza kuri 10. Akenshi, ibyo byihutirwa birashira.
• Imenyere kuvuga "oya": Kugira ADHD bishobora gutuma wumva ko urimo gukora ibintu birenze ubushobozi bwawe. Ibi bishobora kugushyira mu gitutu gikomeye. Sobanukirwa rero aho udashobora gukora kandi ntutinye kuvuga "oya" ku bintu udashobora gukora.
• Saba ubufasha: Niba bigoye gukora ibi byose wenyine, saba ubufasha ku muryango, inshuti, cyangwa muganga wawe. Ntabwo ari ikimenyetso cy'intege nke.

ADHD si ikosa ryawe cyangwa inenge. Ni impinduka gusa mu mikorere y'ubwonko bwawe. Iyo usuzumye neza, ukabuvura, kandi ugafata ingamba zikwiye, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bushimishije nk'abandi bose.