Ni iki umuganga yumva akoresheje stethoscope? Reka tuvuge ku bijyanye no gukurura amajwi!

Birashoboka ko wahuye n'ibi igihe cyose wagiye kwa muganga. Muganga afata ako gakoresho gato kari ku meza ye cyangwa mu ijosi rye, agashyira impera yako ishyushye kandi izengurutse ku gituza cyawe, maze akagutega amatwi witonze. Hari n'igihe akagushyira ku mugongo. Ibi ni byo twita auscultation mu buvuzi. Mu magambo make, ni ukumva amajwi aturuka mu mubiri wawe. Nubwo ari ikizamini cyoroshye cyane, kibwira muganga amakuru menshi atangaje ku buzima bwawe.

Auscultation ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Abaganga bagiye bumva amajwi y'imibiri yacu kuva mbere y'uko havumburwa stethoscope. Ariko icyo gihe, nta stethoscope bari bafite. Bumvaga ayo majwi bashyira amatwi yabo mu gituza cy'umurwayi cyangwa mu nda ye. Tekereza nawe, ntabwo biteye ubwoba? Ndetse na Dr. René Laennec, wavumbuye stethoscope, ntiyakundaga gushyira amatwi ye mu gituza cy'umurwayi muri ubu buryo. Yabanje kuzingira urupapuro aruhindura umuyoboro maze arushyira mu gituza. Hanyuma yabonye ko amajwi yo mu gituza yongerewe cyane (yazamuwe) iyo bayanyuzemo. Icyo gitekerezo cyarateguwe kandi stethoscope ubona uyu munsi yararemwe. Iyo umuganga yumva muri ubu buryo, yitondera ingingo nyinshi z'ingenzi. Gupima mu buryo bw'amajwi ni ikizamini cyizewe kandi kitabangamira abaganga . Bishobora kandi gukorwa vuba kandi byoroshye igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, kuko buri muganga afite icyuma gipima amenyo hafi ye.

Wakora iki kugira ngo wumve umutima wawe?

Ushobora kuba warumvise umutima wawe utera. " Lub-dub " "Lub-dub"... Iri ni ryo jwi ry'ibanze ry'umutima muzima. Ijwi rya "lub" (S1) riza iyo imiyoboro ibiri y'umutima (imiyoboro ya mitral na tricuspid) ifunze. Ijwi rya "dub" (S2) riza iyo imiyoboro ibiri (imiyoboro ya aorta na pulmonary) ifunze. Muganga azashyira stethoscope ku bice bine by'ingenzi by'igituza cyawe. Ibi biterwa nuko ijwi ry'imiyoboro runaka y'umutima rishobora kumvikana neza muri buri gace. Uretse ayo majwi yo gufunga imiyoboro, muganga azumva kandi amajwi y'amaraso atemba n'imitingito y'imitsi y'umutima. Akazi ke ni ugutandukanya amajwi asanzwe, meza n'amajwi adasanzwe agaragaza indwara.

Ni iki uba ushaka iyo uteze amatwi ibihaha?

Nyuma yo kumva umutima wawe, umuganga wawe azatega amatwi ibihaha byawe. Ubusanzwe azatangirira ku ruhande rumwe rw'igituza cyawe hanyuma azamure stethoscope. Hanyuma azamura stethoscope ku rundi ruhande muri ubwo buryo. Hanyuma azashyira stethoscope ku mugongo wawe maze akore nk'uko. Mu gihe abikora, azagereranya amajwi y'ibihaha byombi. Hari igihe, umuganga wawe azagusaba ko wishyira imbere ukanyura amaboko yawe mu gituza cyawe . Ibi bizafasha imitsi y'umugongo wawe kuruhuka no kongera ubuso bw'ibihaha byawe (triangle of auscultation). Ibi bizagufasha kumva amajwi neza. Azatega amatwi witonze amajwi ukora iyo uhumeka (inspiration) no gusohora umwuka (expiration). Uretse amajwi asanzwe yo guhumeka, niba ufite ikibazo cy'uburwayi, ushobora kumva aya majwi adasanzwe:

Kuki ushyira stethoscope ku nda yawe?

Yego, muganga azagushyiramo stethoscope ku nda yawe akumva. Uzi impamvu? Umva amajwi ava mu mara yawe. Iyo ibiryo turya bigogorwa bigahita bimanuka nk'imyanda, amara atanga ijwi. Iyo aya majwi adahari cyangwa adakomeye cyane, ashobora kuba agaragaza ko umuntu afite impatwe cyangwa amara azibye (ileus). Iyo aya majwi ari menshi cyane kandi asakuza, ashobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara nko gucibwamo. Hari igihe aya majwi ashobora no kuba agaragaza ko amara azibye.

Ese ubu buryo burashaje?

Hari bamwe bashobora gutekereza ko bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka CT scan na MRI scan, kumva hakoreshejwe iyi stethoscope bishaje ubu. Nibyo, hari ibibazo byinshi kuri stethoscope isanzwe. Ijwi ni rito cyane, biragoye kumva ahantu hari urusaku, kandi ntibishoboka ko undi muntu yumva ibyo wumvise. Ariko uyu munsi, ibisubizo byageze kuri ibi.Stethoscopes zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zishobora kongera amajwi no kuyasobanura neza. Zishobora kandi gufata amajwi nk'idosiye y'ikoranabuhanga hanyuma zikayohereza kwa muganga wundi kugira ngo asuzumwe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane muri telemedicine. Hari ibikoresho bigufasha kureba icyarimwe EKG (Electrocardiogram) igaragaza umuvuduko w'umutima mu gihe wumva umutima. Ariko, auscultation ntijya ishaje. Ibi bituma muganga ahita abona igitekerezo cy'ibanze cy'uko umeze. Ashingiye kuri icyo gitekerezo, ashobora guhitamo neza ibizamini byo gukora nyuma yaho. Ibi kandi birinda ibizamini bitari ngombwa kandi bihenze. Ariko, kugira ngo ibi bigerweho biterwa gusa n'ubuhanga bwa muganga, ubunararibonye bwe, n'ubushake bwe bwo gutega amatwi witonze . Gutera amajwi, gupima amenyo, isuzuma rya muganga, amajwi y'umutima, amajwi y'ibihaha, amajwi y'amara, muganga