Zvinhu zvaunofanira kuziva nezvegomarara re thyroid

Wakambonzwa nezvegomarara remudumbu here? Pamwe shamwari kana nhengo yemhuri yakambova nechirwere ichi. Kana kuti wakambochiona mupepanhau kana paInternet. Kunyange zvazvo iri izwi rinotyisa zvishoma, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvakajeka. Nhasi, tichataura nezvegomarara remudumbu chii, kuti rinokura sei, zviratidzo zvaro, uye marapirwo aro. Usazvidya mwoyo, ndinofunga izvi zvichakupa kunzwisisa kukuru.

Chii chinonzi thyroid gland uye thyroid cancer?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, thyroid gland igland diki, rakaita seshavishavi riri pasi pemutsipa wako. Rinokosha zvikuru nekuti rinogadzira mahormone anodzora mashandisiro anoita muviri wako simba, kana kuti metabolism . Mahormone aya anobatsirawo kudzora tembiricha yemuviri , BP, uye kurova kwemoyo .

Saka, kenza yethyroid inguva apo masero ari mugland yethyroid anotanga kukura zvisina kujairika uye zvisingadzoreki. Inoiswa muchikamu chegomarara reendocrine. Asi chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti kazhinji, igomarara rinorapika uye rinorapika . Mwero wekurapwa wakakwirawo zvakanyanya.

Gomarara rethyroid iri rakajairika zvakadii?

Zvino ungangove uchishamisika kuti izvi zvinokanganisa vanhu vangani. Kana ukatarisa data muUnited States, vanhu vanosvika zviuru makumi mashanu nezvitatu (53,000) vanobatwa negomarara remudumbu gore rega rega. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvisi zvisinganzwisisike. Asi sezvambotaurwa, mhando zhinji dzegomarara remudumbu dzinorapika . Zvisinei, tinofanirawo kurangarira kuti vanhu vanosvika zviuru zviviri vanofa nechirwere ichi gore rega rega.

Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti vakadzi vane mukana wekuwana kenza yethyroid wakapetwa katatu kupfuura varume. Inowanzoonekwa muvakadzi vane makore ari pakati pe40 ne50, uye muvarume vane makore ari pakati pe60 ne70. Musashamisika, dzimwe nguva kunyange vana vadiki vanogona kuwana chirwere ichi.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru ekenza yethyroid?

Vanachiremba vanoisa kenza yethyroid mumapoka zvichienderana nerudzi rwemasero anokonzera kenza. Kune mhando dzakawanda huru:

• Kansa yePapillary: Rudzi urwu runoumba 80 muzana yekenza dzese dzethyroid. Inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kansa yePapillary inopindura zvakanaka pakurapwa, kunyangwe ikapararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes mumutsipa. Izvi zvinoreva kutiMikana yekupora yakakura kwazvo, uye njodzi yekukuvadzwa kwehupenyu yakaderera zvikuru.
• Kenza yeFollicular: Rudzi urwu runoumba 15 muzana yekenza yethyroid. Ine mukana wekupararira kumapfupa nenhengo dzemukati, dzakadai semapapu. Kana yapararira, inogona kuoma kurapa ( kenza yakapararira ).
• Kenza yeMedullary: Rudzi urwu rwunoumba vanhu vanosvika 2 muzana yekenza yethyroid. Vanhu vanosvika chikamu chimwe muzvina vane kenza yemedullary vane nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere ichi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuchinja kwemajini kunogona kunge kuri iko kunokonzera.
• Anaplastic carcinoma: Iyi ndiyo mhando yakaoma uye ine hasha kurapa . Inokura nekukurumidza uye inopararira nekukurumidza kune nhengo dzakatenderedza uye dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Zvisinei, haiwanzoitiki, ichikonzera 2 muzana yekenza yethyroid.

Matanho ekenza yethyroid anotsanangurwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira yekuona kuti kenza yapararira kusvika papi, inonzi kenza stages. Kazhinji, apo masero ekenza yethyroid anopararira (metastasize) kutanga kune tishu dziri pedyo uye lymph nodes. Zvadaro anogona kupararira kune lymph nodes dziri kure, nhengo, uye mapfupa.

Kune matanho egomarara remudumbu, kubva padanho rimwe (I) kusvika padanho rechina (IV). Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana nhamba yacho yakakura, gomarara racho rinopararira zvakanyanya. Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezveizvi, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinonyevera nezvegomarara remudumbu?

Iwe kana chiremba wako munogona kunzwa bundu kana kukura kudiki mumutsipa menyu. Tinoti izvi ibundu re thyroid. Asi hamufaniri kunetseka here nekuvapo kwebundu? Mabundu mazhinji aya haasi ekenza (asina kunaka) . Paavhareji, mabundu matatu kubva pamakumi maviri e thyroid ane kenza (anokonzera kenza).

Panogonawo kuva nezvimwe zviratidzo:

• Kutadza kufema kana kumedza .
• Kuchinja kwezwi, kurira kwezwi .
• Ma lymph nodes akazvimba mumutsipa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo kana kenza yapararira?

Dzimwe nguva kenza yethyroid inogona kupararira (metastasize) kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kana izvi zvikaitika, zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Kunzwa kuneta nguva dzese.
• Chikafu hachina kunaka .
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa.
• Kuonda pasina chikonzero.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kenza ye thyroid?

Nyanzvi hadzina chokwadi chekuti sei mamwe masero achikonzera kenza uye achirwisa thyroid gland. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanikwa zvichiwedzera njodzi yacho. Semuenzaniso, kusangana nemwaranzi, kudya zvine iodine shoma, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemajini.

Heano zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi:

• Kukura kwegland re thyroid (goiter).
• Kuva nenhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chethyroid kana kenza yethyroid.
• Thyroiditis kuzvimba kwegland re thyroid.
• Zvirwere zve endocrine zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini. Semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvakaita seMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) kana type 2B (MEN2B).
• Kusakwana kweiodine mukudya.
• Kufuta zvakanyanya (kurema kwakanyanya kwemuviri).
• Ndakarapwa nemwaranzi yekenza yemusoro nemutsipa, kunyanya panguva yehudiki.
• Kusangana nezvinhu zvine mwaranzi zvinoburitswa nezvombo zvenyukireya kana tsaona dzezviteshi zvemagetsi.

Kenza yethyroid inoonekwa sei?

Kana uine thyroid nodule yakakura kana zvimwe zviratidzo, chiremba wako anogona kuita imwe kana kupfuura yemiedzo iyi:

• Kuongororwa kweropa: Izvi zvinogona kutarisa huwandu hwemahormone ethyroid kuti zvionekwe kana gland iri kushanda nemazvo.
• Kuongororwa kwemasero: Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora masero madiki kubva kugland re thyroid uchishandisa chinhu chinonamira netsono kuti utarise masero ekenza. Dzimwe nguva, kuongororwa kwemasero e sentinel kunoitirwawo kuti utarise kana kenza yapararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes. Ultrasound inoshandiswawo kubatsira kuwana nzvimbo chaiyo yekenza panguva yekuongorora uku.
• Kuongororwa kweRadioiodine: Izvi zvinogona kuona kana kenza iripo uye kana yapararira. Unomedza piritsi diki rine iodine ine radioactive yakachengeteka. Gland rako rethyroid rinotora iodine kwemaawa mashoma. Zvadaro mudziyo wakakosha unoyera kuti radioactivity yakawanda sei iri mugland. Kana paine nzvimbo dzine radioactivity shoma, kuongororwa kwakawanda kunodiwa kuti uone kana kenza iri munzvimbo idzodzo.
• Zvimwe zvinoongororwa nemifananidzo: Kuongororwa kweiodine ine radioactive, kuongororwa kwecomputed tomography (CT), uye kuongororwa kwepositron emission tomography (PET) zvinogona kuona kenza yethyroid uye kuona kana yapararira.

Kenza yethyroid inorapwa sei?

Kurapwa kunoenderana nehukuru hwebundu uye kana kenza yapararira. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa:

• Kuvhiya: Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekurapa.Zvichienderana nehukuru nenzvimbo yebundu, chiremba anogona kubvisa chikamu chegland re thyroid (lobectomy) kana gland rese (thyroidectomy). Vanogonawo kubvisa ma lymph nodes ari pedyo uko masero egomarara akapararira.
• Kurapa neradioiodine: Kufanana neradioiodine scan, izvi zvinosanganisira kupa piritsi kana mvura ine radioiodine iodine. Zvisinei, dose yacho yakakwira kupfuura yakapihwa yekuskena. Iyi iodine inoderera uye inoparadza thyroid gland ine chirwere uye masero ekenza. Kurapa uku kwakachengeteka zvikuru. Gland rethyroid rinotora iodine yakawanda, zvichiita kuti muviri wese urege kubatwa nemwaranzi yakawanda.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Kurapa nemwaranzi kunouraya masero ekenza uye kunoamisa kukura. Mukurapa nemwaranzi yekunze, muchina unoendesa mwaranzi ine simba zvakananga kukenza. Mukurapa nemwaranzi yemukati, mbeu diki dzinoiswa mukati kana pedyo nekenza.
• Kurapa nemakemikari: Mishonga yemakemikari, inopihwa netsinga kana nemuromo, inouraya masero ekenza uye inomisa kukura kwekenza. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vane kenza yethyroid havadi chemotherapy.
• Kurapa nehomoni: Kurapa uku kunoshanda nekumisa kuburitswa kwemahomoni anobatsira kuti kenza ipararire kana kukura zvakare.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nekenza yethyroid?

Kenza yethyroid inogona kupararira (metastasize) kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, dzakadai sechiropa, mapapu, kana mapfupa. Kana kenza ikaonekwa uye ikarapwa nekukurumidza, njodzi yekupararira uku inogona kuderedzwa.

Kunyangwe mushure mekunge kenza yethyroid yarapwa, dzimwe nguva inogona kudzoka (kudzoka) . Nekuti kenza yethyroid inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinogona kutora kusvika makore makumi maviri kuti idzoke. Vanenge makumi matatu muzana yevarwere vekenza yethyroid vachadzoka.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa kwethyroid, muviri wako unoda mahormone ethyroid. Saka, uchafanirwa kutora mapiritsi ehormone yethyroid kweupenyu hwako hwese. Semuenzaniso, mahormone ekugadzira akadai se '(levothyroxine)' anopiwa. Aya anotora nzvimbo yemahormone asingagadzirwe nemuviri. Aya kazhinji haakonzeri migumisiro yakaipa, asi uchafanirwa kuenda kunoongororwa nachiremba nguva dzose kuti utarise hutano hwako.

Kenza yethyroid inokanganisa sei pamuviri?

Zvinoshamisa kuti kenza yethyroid ndiyo yechipiri inonyanya kuonekwa panguva yekuzvitakura.(Chekutanga ikenza yemazamu.) Inenge gumi muzana yekenza yethyroid inokura panguva yekuzvitakura kana mukati megore rekutanga mushure mekusununguka. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kuchinja kwemazinga emahormone panguva yekuzvitakura kungave kuri chikonzero.

Kana ukaonekwa uine kenza yethyroid panguva yekuzvitakura, chiremba wako achataura newe nezvesarudzo dzekurapa. Zvichienderana nerudzi uye kuoma kwekenza, kurapwa kunogona kunonoka kusvika mwana azvarwa. Kana izvozvo zvisingakwanisike, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuvhiyiwa zvakachengeteka kuti vabvise kenza. Zvisinei, hazvikurudzirwi kuita bvunzo dzemwaranzi kana kurapwa panguva yekuzvitakura kana panguva yekuyamwisa.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore kubva pakurapwa kenza yethyroid?

Nguva inotora kuti izvi zviitike inosiyana kubva pamunhu nemunhu. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa izvi, zvinosanganisira zera rako, saizi yebundu, danho regomarara, uye rudzi rwekurapwa kwawakaitwa. Taura nachiremba wako nezvezvaunotarisira panguva yekurapwa kwako uye mushure mekurapwa kwako.

Ko kenza yethyroid inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Vanhu vazhinji vanobatwa negomarara rethyroid pasina chikonzero chakajeka, saka zvakaoma kudzivirira zvachose. Zvisinei, kana uchiziva kuti uri panjodzi yekubatwa negomarara rethyroid, pane matanho aunogona kutora.

• Kuvhiyiwa kwekudzivirira (kudzivirira): Kuongororwa kwemajini kunogona kuona kana uine shanduko mumajini inowedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nezvirwere zvakaita sekenza yemedullary thyroid kana multiple endocrine neoplasia. Kana uine jini iri, unogona kuvhiyiwa kudzivirira kubvisa thyroid gland kenza isati yatanga.
• Potassium iodide: Kana ukasangana nemwaranzi inobva mutsaona yenyukireya (yakadai setsaona yeFukushima ya2011 muJapan), kutora potassium iodide (Pima®) mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nekenza yethyroid gare gare muhupenyu hwako. Potassium iodide inoshanda nekudzivirira thyroid gland kuti isatore iodine yakawanda inonyudza radioactive, iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza gland iri muhutano hwakanaka.

Ko chirwere chegomarara rethyroid chinorapwa zvakadii?

Vanhu vasere pavanhu gumi vane kenza yethyroid vane rudzi rwepapillary rwambotaurwa. Kana kenza yethyroid yepapillary ikawanikwa (inowanikwa) mukati megland, mwero wekurarama kwemakore mashanu unenge wava pedyo ne100 muzana. Kana kenza yapararira (yapararira), mwero wacho unenge wava pedyo ne80 muzana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, paavhareji, munhu ane kenza yethyroid yepapillary yakapararira ane mukana we80 muzana wekurarama makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi, zvichienzaniswa nemunhu asina chirwere ichi.

Heano mwero wekurarama kwemakore mashanu kune mamwe marudzi ekenza yethyroid:

• Follicular: Inenge 100% kana yakavharirwa mugland; inenge 63% kana yakapararira.
• Medullary:Kana yakaganhurirwa kune gland, inenge iri pedyo ne100%; kana yakapararira, inenge 40%.
• Anaplastic: Inenge 31% kana yakaganhurirwa kune gland; inenge 4% kana yakapararira.

Ko kenza yethyroid inogona kurapwa zvizere here?

Ehe, mhando zhinji dzegomarara re thyroid dzinogona kurapwa zvizere nekurapwa, kunyanya kana masero egomarara asina kupararira kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri. Kunyangwe kurapwa kusingarape gomarara zvachose, chiremba wako achaita hurongwa hwekurapa kuti aparadze gomarara rakawanda sezvinobvira uye kudzivirira kuti risakure kana kupararira.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine kenza ye thyroid, enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi:

• Bundu idzva rinoonekwa pamutsipa.
• Kurova kwemoyo kwakawedzera.
• Kuonda kana kuti kufuta pasina chikonzero.
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Kana uine kenza ye thyroid, zvakanaka kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Sei ndakawana kenza ye thyroid?
• Ndine kenza yethyroid yerudzii?
• Ko kenza yapararira kunze kwegland rangu re thyroid here?
• Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa kenza yerudzi urwu?
• Ndezvipi njodzi nemigumisiro yekurapwa?
• Ndichada here kurapwa kwekutsiva mahormone ethyroid?
• Mhuri yangu iri panjodzi yekubatwa negomarara rerudzi urwu here? Kana zvakadaro, tinofanira kuongororwa majini here?
• Ndingawana kenza ye thyroid zvakare here?
• Ndiri panjodzi yekubatwa nedzimwe mhando dzekenza here?
• Ndedzipi nzira dzekutevera dzandinofanira kutarisirwa mushure mekurapwa?
• Ndinofanira kunetseka here nezvezviratidzo zvematambudziko?

Pakupedzisira, ndinofanira kutaura kuti… (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya uye kuzvidya mwoyo kana waonekwa kuti une kenza. Izvi ndezvechokwadi zvisinei nekuti ikenza yerudzii. Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti kenza zhinji dzethyroid dzinopindura zvakanaka kana dzarapwa uye dzine mukana mukuru wekupora. Chiremba wako achatsanangura nzira dzakanakisa dzekurapa mhando yekenza yethyroid yako.

Mushure mekurapwa, ungangoda kutora mahormone e thyroid akagadzirwa kweupenyu hwako hwese. Mahormone aya akakosha pamabasa mazhinji akakosha mumuviri. Kazhinji haakonzeri migumisiro yakaipa. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kugara uchiongororwa kuti utarise hutano hwako. Ramba uine tariro, tevera mirairo yachiremba wako, uye unogona kurarama nechirwere ichi zvinobudirira.