Nzira mbiri huru dzinounza ropa mumoyo medu: Zvese nezve Vena Cava!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti ropa riri mumuviri wedu rinosvika sei kumoyo wozodzokera kumuviri wese? Inzira inoshamisa. Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwakakosha rwetsinga huru inobatsira pabasa iri. Inonzi Vena Cava . Pamwe wakambozvinzwa kare. Ngationei kuti chii, chii chainoita, uye matambudziko api ainogona kukonzera.

Chii chinonzi Vena Cava?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Vena Cava itsinga mbiri huru kwazvo mumuviri wedu. Dzinounganidza ropa rakashandiswa, risina mweya kubva kumativi akasiyana emuviri wedu uye dzinoridzosera kurudyi kwemoyo. Funga nezvaro setsinga mbiri huru dzinodzosa ropa rakashandiswa kumoyo kuti richeneswe.

Kune mhando mbiri dzeVena Cava:

1. Superior Vena Cava (SVC): Iyi inotakura ropa risina oxygen kubva kuchikamu chepamusoro chemuviri wedu, kureva kuti, kubva kuzvikamu zviri pamusoro pechipfuva (pamusoro pe diaphragm) (semuenzaniso, musoro, mutsipa, nemaoko), kudzokera kumoyo. Iyi ndiyo tsinga yechipiri pakukura mumuviri wedu.

2. Vena Cava isina simba (IVC): Iyi ndiyo tsinga huru mumuviri wedu. Inotakura ropa risina mweya kubva muzvikamu zvepasi zvemuviri wedu, kureva kuti, kubva muzvikamu zviri pasi pechipfuva (pasi pediaphragm) (semuenzaniso, makumbo, nhengo dzemudumbu) kuenda kumoyo.

Funga nezvazvo senzira yebhazi. Tsinga diki dzinobva muzvikamu zvepasi zvemiviri yedu (senge itsvo, chiropa, uye spleen) dzakafanana nemabhazi ari pamutsetse wepakati peguta. Ropa rese risina mweya kubva mumabhazi aya rinobatana mubhazi guru rinonzi inferior vena cava (IVC) . Bhazi iroro ndiro rinoendesa ropa iri kumoyo.

Uyewo, mitsipa inobva muzvikamu zvepamusoro zvemuviri wedu (semuenzaniso, chipfuva chepamusoro, musana wepamusoro) yakafanana nemabhazi ari paUptown Line. Ropa risina mweya rinobuda mumabhazi aya rinobatana nebhazi guru rinonzi Superior Vena Cava (SVC) . Izvo zvinoendawo kumoyo. Moyo ndiwo musimboti mukuru, kana kuti nzvimbo, uko ropa risina mweya rinobva mumitsetse iyi yese, yepakati peguta neyekumusoro, rinobatana. Unonzwisisa here?

Chii chaizvo chinoitika kuVena Cava?

Basa guru re superior vena cava (SVC) ne inferior vena cava (IVC) nderekutakura ropa rakapera oxygen kuenda ku atrium yekurudyi yemwoyo wedu. Kubva ipapo, ropa iroro rinoenda ku ventricle yekurudyi yemoyo. Zvadaro, kubva ku ventricle yekurudyi, ropa iri rinotumirwa kumapapu kuburikidza ne pulmonary artery .

Mumapapu ndipo panobviswa kabhoni dhayiokisijeni muropa uye okisijeni itsva inowedzerwa muropa. Zvakafanana nekuvandudza ropa. Ropa idzva rine okisijeni rinodzoserwa kuruboshwe rwemoyo kuburikidza netsinga dzemapapu .Kubva ipapo, ropa rinoenda kuruboshwe rwe ventricle , uye kubva ipapo, rinopararira mumuviri wese kuburikidza ne aorta . Tarisa kuti hurongwa hwacho hwakaoma sei, asi hwakarongwa zvakanaka!

Vena Cava iri kupi?

Mitsipa miviri mikuru iyi, iyo inferior vena cava (IVC) uye iyo superior vena cava (SVC), iri kurudyi rwemoyo wedu .

Tsinga dzedu dzerudyi nekuruboshwe dzinobatana kuti dzigadzire superior vena cava (SVC) . Iyi SVC iri kurudyi rwesternum , pfupa riri pakati pechipfuva chedu. Inobatanidza zvakananga neatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.

Vena cava iri pasi pevhu (IVC) yakareba zvishoma. Inotangira mudumbu medu, uko tsinga dzerudyi nedzeruboshwe dzinobatana. Kubva ipapo, inofamba ichienda kuatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.

Vena Cava yakaita sei? Yakakura sei?

Vena cava yepamusoro (SVC) itsinga huru isina mavharuvhu mukati mayo.

Vena cava iri pasi (IVC) itsinga hombe, refu, asi ine vharuvhu imwe chete painobatanidza neatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.

Idzi ndidzo tsinga hurusa mumuviri wedu.

• Vena cava yepamusoro (SVC) yakareba masendimita manomwe (anenge masendimita matatu) uye yakafara masendimita maviri (pasi peinji imwe).
• Chinonzi inferior vena cava (IVC) chakareba mamirimita zana (anenge masendimita mana) uye dhayamita inosvika mamirimita makumi maviri nemaviri (anenge inchi imwe chete).

Izvi zvinogadzirwa nei?

Vena cava yepamusoro (SVC) nevena cava iri pasi (IVC) zvinonyanya kuumbwa ne:

• Masero eEndothelial: Aya anobatsira kuchinjana zvinovaka muviri nematishu.
• Nhengo dzemuviri dzinobatana: Izvi zvinotsigira tsinga.
• Mitsipa.
• Fiber dzinopfava: Idzi ndidzo dzinoita kuti mitsipa itambanuke.
• Nyama dzetsandanyama.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvinokanganisa Vena Cava?

Dzimwe nguva, panogona kuva nekuvharika kwe superior vena cava (SVC) kana inferior vena cava (IVC). Izvi zvinokanganisa kufamba kweropa. Chirwere ichi chinonzi Superior Vena Cava Syndrome kana Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome , zvichienderana nekuti chikamu chipi chakavharwa.

Kune zvikonzero zvikuru zvinoverengeka zvekuvhara uku:

• Bundu: semuenzanisoKenza yemapapu , kana imwe mhando yekenza, inogona kupararira nekudzvanya mitsipa iyi.
• Kugwamba kweropa: Dzimwe nguva magwamba eropa anogona kuumbwa mu superior vena cava muvanhu vane central venous catheters kana pacemakers .
• Kusagadzikana kwemwana ari mudumbu: Izvi zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chisingaumbwe zvakanaka chiri mudumbu.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvedambudziko neVena Cava?

Kana superior vena cava (SVC) kana inferior vena cava (IVC) zvikamanikidzwa nechimwe chinhu, kana kana ropa rikavharika kubva mukati, zviratidzo zvakaita se:

Zviratidzo zveSuperior Vena Cava Syndrome (kuvharika kana kudzvanywa)

• Kuzvimba kwemuviri wepamusoro (kumeso, mutsipa, maoko).
• Kushaya mweya.
• Angina ( kurwadziwa kwechipfuva).

Zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nekuputika kweropa kana bundu mu superior vena cava (SVC):

• Kuzvimba kwemuviri wepamusoro.
• Kushaya mweya.

Zviratidzo zvekugwamba kweropa mu inferior vena cava (IVC):

• Kuzvimba kwemakumbo.
• Kurwadziwa kwemusana.
• Kuwedzera uremu.
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mumakumbo.

Zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa nebundu riri mu inferior vena cava (IVC):

• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu.
• Kuzvimba kwemakumbo.
• Kuderedza huremu.

Zviratidzo zveInferior Vena Cava Syndrome (kuvharika kana kumanikidzwa):

• Kuderera kweropa.
• Kuzvimba kwemuviri wepazasi.
• Tachycardia (kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza).

Zvakakosha: Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Izvi zvinogonawo kuva zviratidzo zvezvimwe zvirwere, saka zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti chii chaizvo chiri kunetsa.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti dzionekwe hutano hweVena Cava?

Chiremba wako ane bvunzo dzakawanda dzekutarisa mamiriro eVena Cava. Dzimwe dzacho dzinosanganisira:

• X-ray yechipfuva (iyi inoshandiswa kutarisa superior vena cava).
• Coronary angiography (izvi zvinogonawo kutarisa superior vena cava).
• Kuongororwa kweUltrasound.
• Bvunzo reCT Scan (CT - Computed Tomography).
• Bvunzo reMRI scan (MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
• Kusiyanisa venography kana phlebography (iyi iX-ray yetsinga, asi haichashandiswi zvakanyanya).

Ndeapi marapirwo ematambudziko ane chekuita neVena Cava?

Pakurapa dambudziko ne superior vena cava (SVC) kana inferior vena cava (IVC), nzira dzakafanana dzekurapa dzinowanzo shandiswa.

• Mishonga inobvisa weti ( mishonga inowedzera kubuda kweweti) kana mishonga inorwisa kuzvimba inogona kupihwa kurapa kuzvimba.
• Mishonga inorwisa kugwinha kweropa (Steroids) , mishonga inouraya kugwinha kweropa (thrombolytics), uye mishonga inorwisa kugwinha kweropa (mishonga inodzivirira kugwinha kweropa) inogona kupihwa kurapa kuvharika kweropa kwakadai sekugwinha kweropa.
• Ropa rakagwamba rinogona kubviswa uchishandisa catheter .
• Kana tsinga yeropa ikaita diki (stenosis) nekuda kweropa rakagwamba, angioplasty (kudzvanya madziro etsinga) inogona kuitwa uye stent ( chubhu diki yesimbi) inogona kuiswa.
• Kana ropa rakagwamba kana bundu , kuvhiyiwa kwe bypass kunogona kuitwa.
• Kana paine bundu, rinogona kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa.
• Kurapa bundu remudumbu (chemotherapy) kana kuti radiation therapy kunogona kuitwa.

Uyewo, kana uine Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) (chirwere chinoita kuti ropa rivhare mumakumbo) uye uri panjodzi yekugwamba kweropa kubva mumakumbo kana muchiuno kuenda kumapapu (kunonzi pulmonary embolism (PE) , chiremba wako angasarudza kuisa Vena Cava filter . Iyi filter inobata magwara eropa uye inoamisa kuenda kumapapu.

Ungachengetedza sei Vena Cava yako iine hutano?

Kufanana nemimwe mitsipa yeropa mumuviri wako, unogona kutarisira iyi Vena Cava.

• Idya chikafu chine hutano chine mafuta mashoma.
• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose.
• Deredza kushushikana.
• Dzora mamiriro ezvinhu akadai seBP yakakwira , cholesterol yakakwira, uye chirwere cheshuga .

Chekupedzisira, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha

Kana uine dambudziko re superior vena cava (SVC) kana inferior vena cava (IVC), chiremba wako ane nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa chirwere ichi. Taura naye nezvekurapa kwakanakira chirwere chako. Kana chiremba wako akakunyorera mushonga, tora sezvakarairwa. Kana wakambovhiyiwa kana kumwe kurapwa, iva nechokwadi chekuti waita nguva yakatarwa nachiremba wako kusvika wapora zvakakwana. Hutano hwako huri mumaoko ako!

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