Ngatidzidzei nezvehurongwa hunoshamisa hunoshanda tisingazive mumuviri wedu: Autonomic Nervous System!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti unofema sei, mwoyo wako unorova sei, uye kuti unogaya sei chikafu chaunodya zvese zvinoitika zvega, pasina kufunga nezvazvo? Hazvishamisi here? Nhasi tichataura nezvehurongwa hwakakosha kwazvo hunoita mabasa mazhinji akakosha mukati memiviri yedu, isu tisingatombozvizivi. Ndiyo system yetsinga inongozvitonga, kana muchirungu, "Autonomic Nervous System".

Chii chinonzi Autonomic Nervous System iyi?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, system yetsinga inongozvitonga chikamu chesystem yedu yese yetsinga. Yakafanana ne sub-network diki asi yakakosha zvikuru mu network huru yemakombiyuta mukati memuviri wedu. Basa rayo guru nderekudzora mabasa emuviri asingazviiti akakosha kuti tirarame, asi atisingazvitonge nemaune. System iyi inoshanda kana wakarara uye kana wakamuka. Haufanire kutombofunga nezvazvo, uropi hwako hunotarisira zvese.

Izvi zviri kupi mutsinga dzedu dzetsinga?

Unoziva kuti sisitimu yedu yese yetsinga yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru zviviri.

1. Central Nervous System : Apa ndipo panowanikwa uropi hwedu nemusana . Zvinoshamisa here? Kunyangwe retina netsinga dzinoona zviri mumaziso edu zvinoonekwa sezvikamu zveuropi.

2. Sistimu Yetsinga Yemumativi : Izvi zvinosanganisira zvimwe zvikamu zvese zvesisitimu yedu yetsinga kunze kweuropi nemusana.

Iye zvino iyi peripheral nervous system yakakamurwazve kuita zvikamu zviviri:

• Sisitimu Yetsinga Yemuviri : Ichi chikamu chesisitimu yetsinga chinodzora tsandanyama dzatinotonga nemaune (sekufambisa maoko edu) uye ruzivo rwatinowana kubva kumanzwiro edu (kunzwa, kunhuwidza, kuravira, kubata ). Kuona hakusi chikamu chesisitimu iyi, sezvo zvikamu zveziso zvine basa rekuona zviri muuropi.
• Sisitimu Yetsinga Inozvitonga : Uyu ndiye mutauriri wedu mukuru. Uyu ndiwo musungo wetsinga dzinobatanidza uropi hwedu nenhengo dzakawanda dzemukati memuviri wedu.

Chii chinoitika kuAutonomic Nervous System?

Sisitimu iyi yetsinga inozvimiririra yakakamurwazve kuita zvikamu zvikuru zvitatu, chimwe nechimwe chinoita mabasa akasiyana.

Sisitimu Yetsinga Inonzwira Tsitsi - nzira ye "kurwa kana kutiza"

Sisitimu iyi ndiyo inoitika kana paine dambudziko, kana paine kushushikana, kana paine tsaona.Miviri yedu inogadzirira. Fungidzira kuti uri kufamba mumugwagwa uye kamwe kamwe imbwa inokurwisa. Kurova kwemoyo wako kunowedzera, muviri wako unotanga kudikitira, maziso ako anovhurika, uye muviri wako unogadzirira kumhanya kana kurwa, handiti? Ndipo panotanga kushanda sisitimu yetsinga dzinonzwa tsitsi. Ndiyo yatinodaidza kuti "kurwa kana kutiza".

Sisitimu yeNervous yeParasympathetic – nzira ye "kuzorora nekugaya"

Izvi zvakasiyana chaizvo nezvinoitwa nesystem yetsinga dzinobatsira muviri. Ndizvo zvinodzikamisa miviri yedu, zvinozorodza, uye zvinobatsira kugaya chikafu . Kana wadya zvakanaka uye wakagara pachigaro muimba yekutandarira, unonzwa zvakanaka... ndipo panoshanda system iyi.

Sisitimu yeNervous yeEnteric - Nyanzvi yekugaya chikafu

Iyi yakasiyana zvishoma. Sisitimu iyi inonyanya kudzora mashandiro emudumbu medu . Vamwe masayendisiti vanototi yakaoma sesisitimu yakasiyana.

Autonomic Nervous System inobatsira sei dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri?

Kungofanana nemba inoda waya dzemagetsi kuti ibatidze mwenje uye kuti mimwe midziyo ishande, uropi hwedu hunodawo network iyi yetsinga dzinonzi autonomic nervous system. Tsinga idzi dzinopa uropi hukama hwahunoda kuti hutonge nhengo dzakawanda dzemuviri wedu.

Ngationei kuti sisitimu iyi inotonga sei mumuviri wedu:

• Maziso : Kunyange zvazvo asina chekuita zvakananga nekuona kwako, anodzora saizi yemboni yako (iyo inodzora kuti chiedza chinopinda muziso chakawanda sei) uye tsandanyama dzinotarisa ziso.
• Mate, manyoka, uye manyoka : Iyi nzira inodzora kuyerera kwemisodzi kubva mumaziso, kuyerera kwemanyoka kubva mumhino, uye kuyerera kwemate kubva mumuromo.
• Ganda : Rinodzora kugadzirwa kweziya, pamwe chete netsandanyama dzinoita kuti muviri umire (ndizvo zvinoita kuti "bvudzi rikure").
• Mwoyo nehurongwa hweropa : Zvinodzora kuti mwoyo unorova nekukurumidza sei, kuti unopomba nesimba rakadii, uye upamhi hwetsinga dzeropa . Izvi zvinodzora kurova kwemoyo neBP .
• Masoja emuviri : Masoja emuviri wako ane parasympathetic nervous system anogona kumutsa mashandiro emasoja emuviri. Izvi zvinogona kuitika panguva yezvirwere zvakaita sehutachiona, asthma flare-ups, uye allergies.
• Mapapu: Izvi zvinodzora upamhi hwenzira dzako dzekufema uye network yenzira dzinotakura mweya unopinda nekubuda mumapapu ako.
• Ura hudiki neura hukuru : Hunochengetedza kugaya kwese kubva muura hudiki kusvika muura hukuru. Hunochengetedzawo tsandanyama dziri mudura kusvika paunoda kuita tsvina.
• Chiropa nePancreas : Izvi zvinodzora kuburitswa kwemahormone akaita se "Insulin" kubva mupancreas, iyo inoshandura simba rakachengetwa muchiropa kuita "Glucose" iyo masero edu anogona kushandisa.
• Sisitimu yeweti : Inodzora tsandanyama dziri mudundira rako. Iyi sisitimu ndiyo inoita kuti dundira rako rigare rakamanikana kusvika wava kuda kuita weti.
• Masisitimu ekubereka : Sisitimu iyi yakakosha zvikuru pamabasa epabonde akadai sekunzwa kuda pabonde (kumira kwenhengo yemurume, kuburitsa mvura inozora panguva yepabonde) uye kugona kusvika pakusvika pakusvika pakugutsikana pabonde.

Ngatidzidzei zvimwe zvinhu zvinonakidza nezve iyi autonomic nervous system.

• Kuenzana pakati pemasisitimu etsitsi neparasympathetic : Funga nezvazvo sechikero. Kunyange zvazvo tsiye dzinobatsira muviri kuti ushande nekukurumidza, parasympathetic inodzikisa kana kutodzideredza. Kuenzana uku kwakakosha pakugara zvakanaka uye kurarama kwedu .
• Nzira Dzakasiyana Dzekutaurirana : Sisitimu yedu yetsinga inoshandisa makemikari (anonzi ``neurotransmitters'') anogadzirwa nemagland akasiyana-siyana mumuviri wedu nepfungwa kuti ataure mashoko. Inoshandisawo simba remagetsi riri mukati me'`neurons''. Inochinja-chinja nzira idzi dzekutaurirana dzemagetsi nedzemakemikari sezvinodiwa.
• Kuomarara kwesystem yetsinga dzemukati medumbu : Yakaoma zvekuti vamwe nyanzvi vanoiona sechikamu chakasiyana chesystem yese yetsinga kwete chikamu chesystem yetsinga inongozvitonga. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti system yemukati medumbu ine ma neuron akawanda (masero akasarudzika anoumba uropi, musana, uye tsinga) setambo yedu yemusana.

Sisitimu iyi iri kupi?

Sisitimu yetsinga inongozvitonga inetwork yetsinga dzinofamba mumusoro nemuviri wedu. Dzimwe dzetsinga idzi dzinobva zvakananga kuuropi. Dzimwe dzinobva kumusana, unotakura zviratidzo kubva kuuropi kuenda kutsinga idzodzo.

Tsinga dzemusoro

Kune mhando gumi nembiri dzetsinga dzemusoro, kana kuti ``Cranial Nerves''. Idzi dzinopatsanurwa uye dzinotumidzwa mazita nenhamba dzechiRoma. Tsinga dzetsinga dzehurongwa hwedu hwetsinga dzinozvitonga dzinowanikwa mutsinga ina dzetsinga idzi gumi nembiri dzemusoro. Idzi ndidzo tsinga dzechitatu, dzechinomwe, dzepfumbamwe, uye dzegumi dzemusoro. Idzi dzinodzora kukura kwemwana weziso, dzichitarisa ziso, misodzi, mhino, mate, uye mashandiro enhengo dziri muchipfuva nedumbu.

Tsinga dzemusana

Uyewo, system yetsinga dzinozvitonga dzinoshandisa tsinga dzakawanda dzemusana dzinosvika 31. Izvi zvinosanganisira tsinga dzemusana dziri muchipfuva nemusana wepamusoro (thoracic), musana wepazasi (vertebral), uye tailbone (sacrum).

Ndiko kuburikidza nekubatana kwetsinga dzemusana uko system yetsinga inotonga nhengo idzi:

• Mwoyo
• Mapapu
• Chiropa
• Pancreas
• Chidendene
• Dumbu
• Ura hudiki nehukuru
• Itsvo
• Dundira
• Nhengo dzepabonde

Nzvimbo yekudzora: Hypothalamus

Chikamu cheuropi hwedu chinodzora mashandiro emuviri ihypothalamus. Kunyangwe isiri chikamu chehurongwa hwetsinga hwemuviri, chikamu chakakosha kwazvo chekushanda kwayo.

Izvi zvinogadzirwa nei?

Sisitimu yetsinga inozvimiririra inoumbwa nemasero akafanana nesisitimu yedu yese yetsinga. Mhando huru dzemasero ndeidzi:

MaNeuron - vatumwa

Masero aya ndiwo anotumira nekugamuchira zviratidzo. Anoumba uropi hwedu, musana, uye tsinga. Anochinjawo pakati pezviratidzo zvemakemikari nemagetsi.

Zvikamu zvetsinga:

• Muviri wesero : Ichi ndicho chikamu chikuru chesero.
• Axon : Ichi chikamu chakareba, chakaita seruoko rweaxon. Pamugumo weaxon pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita seminwe. Apa ndipo panoshandurwa chiratidzo chemagetsi cheneuron kuita chiratidzo chemakemikari. Izvi zvinowedzerwa, kana kuti synapses, zvinobatana nemamwe masero etsinga ari pedyo.
• Madendrite : Aya ndiwo maumbirwo madiki, ane matavi ari mumuviri wesero (zita racho rinobva pashoko rechiLatin rinoreva kuti "akafanana nemuti"). Madendrite aya anogamuchira zviratidzo zvemakemikari kubva ku synapses dzemamwe ma neuron.
• Myelin : Iyi imhando yakatetepa yemafuta. Myelin inodzivirira yakakomberedza maaxon ema neuron akawanda.

Madendrite eneuron imwe chete anogona kubatana nezviuru zvemamwe masynapses. Mamwe maneuron anogona kureba kana kupfupika, zvichienderana nekuti ari kupi mumuviri uye basa raanoita.

Masero eGlial - anobatsira ma neuron

Masero eGlial (anodudzwa kuti "gli-al") anoita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Anobatsira ma neuron kukura nekukura patinenge tiri vadiki, uye anotarisirawo mashandiro anoita ma neuron muhupenyu hwedu hwese. Anodzivirira sisitimu yedu yetsinga kubva kuhutachiona, anotonga kuenzana kwemakemikari musisitimu yetsinga, uye anoisa myelinate ma axon ema neuron. Kune masero eglial akawanda kanenge kagumi kupfuura ma neuron.

Nuclei neGanglia - mapoka emasero

• Nuclei : Aya mapoka emasero etsinga anoshanda nenzira imwechete kana kuti ane hukama hwakafanana.
• Ganglia: (Izvi zvinodudzwa kuti “gang-lee-ya”, rimwe richinzi “gang-lee-on”) Aya mapoka emasero etsinga akabatana. Haasi masero ese ari maari ane basa rakafanana kana kubatana kwakafanana, asi ari munzvimbo imwechete kana kuti akabatana kune mamwe masisitimu. Semuenzaniso, cochlear ne vestibular ganglia zvine chekuita nekunzwa kwedu nekudzikama.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzo kanganisa Autonomic Nervous System?

Kune zvirwere zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kana kukonzera chirwere chetsinga dzemuviri dzinozvigadzira dzoga (izvi zvinonzi "Autonomic Neuropathy"). Mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika ndeiyi:

• Rudzi rwechipiri rwechirwere cheshuga : Chirwere cheshuga chisingadzoreki chinogona kukanganisa system yetsinga inotenderera nekufamba kwenguva. Semuenzaniso, orthostatic hypotension inoitika kana BP yaderera kana wakamira. Diabetic neuropathy, inova kukuvara kwetsinga kunokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga, inogona kukanganisa reflex inowedzera BP kana wakamira.
• Amyloidosis : Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, mapuroteni akapetwa zvisina kurongeka anoungana munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwenguva refu kwetsinga.
• Zvirwere zve autoimmune uye kuzvimba : Muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi iGuillain-Barré Syndrome.
• Zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo uye zvemajini : Izvi zvirwere kana mamiriro ezvinhu anowanikwa pakuzvarwa. Zvirwere zvemajini zvinogara nhaka kubva kuvabereki. Chirwere cheHirschsprung muenzaniso weizvi.
• Utachiona : Kukuvadzwa kwetsinga kunogona kukonzerwa nemavhairasi akadai seHIV, chirwere cheLyme, kana chirwere cheChagas, chinokonzerwa nekurumwa nezvipembenene. Chinogonawo kukonzerwa nezvimwe zvipembenene zvakaita sebotulism kana tetanus.
• Kupera Kwemasero Muzhinji : Chirwere ichi chakanyanya kufanana nechirwere cheParkinson. Nekufamba kwenguva, chinokuvadza tsinga dzinozvitonga.
• Chepfu nezvinhu zvine chepfu : Simbi dzine chepfu dzakadai semercury nelead zvinogona kukuvadza sisitimu yetsinga inotonga yega yega. Makemikari mazhinji emaindasitiri anogonawo kukonzera rudzi urwu rwekukuvara. Doro rinogonawo kuva nemigumisiro ine chepfu pasisitimu yetsinga inotonga yega yega yega.
• Kukuvara : Njodzi dzinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwetsinga. Izvi zvinogona kuva kwenguva refu kana kuti zvechigarire. Kukuvara kwemusana, kunyanya uko kunosanganisira system yetsinga yemuviri yakaderera, kunogona kukuvadza kana kudimbura zvinobatanidza zvinoenda kumusana.
• Mamota : Mamota ane kenza uye asina njodzi anogona kukanganisa tsinga dzako dzemuviri.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvechirwere ichi?

Zviratidzo zvezvirwere zve autoimmune zvinoenderana nekuti kukuvara kwacho kuri kupi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita sechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri, kukuvara kunogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemuviri. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa kana system ye autoimmune yakakuvara zvinosanganisira:

• Matambudziko emwoyo (kusanganisira arrhythmias).
• Kunzwa dzungu kana kurasikirwa nepfungwa kana wakamira.
• Kuoma kumedza (Dysphagia).
• Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu (kusanganisira gastroparesis).
• Kuzvimba.
• Kuomerwa nekuburitsa weti kana tsvina (kurasikirwa nedundira kana nzira yekudzivirira ura - `Kusazvidzora`).
• Unzenza hwepabonde.
• Kudikitira zvakanyanya (Hyperhidrosis) kana kushaya ziya (Anhidrosis).
• Kuomerwa nekutsungirira mamiriro ekunze anopisa.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dziripo dzekutarisa hutano hweAutonomic Nervous System?

Kune bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzinogona kubatsira kuona matambudziko ane autonomic nervous system. Dzimwe dzacho dzinosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa : Izvi zvinogona kuona matambudziko akasiyana-siyana, kubva kumatambudziko ekudzivirira muviri kusvika kune chepfu nehupfu (kunyanya simbi dzakadai semercury nelead).
• Kuongororwa kweElektrocardiogram (EKG)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG) .
• Electromyogram (kuyedzwa kwekufambiswa kwetsinga) .
• Kuongororwa kwemajini .
• Kufungidzira Magadzirirwo Emagineti (MRI) .

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Kurapa kwezvirwere zvemuviri zvinogona kuva zvakananga, zvichienderana nechirwere. Mamwe marapirwo anobata chirwere chacho kana chikonzero chacho. Mamwe marapirwo anongorapa zviratidzo chete, kunyanya kana pasina mushonga kana mushonga wechigarire wechirwere ichi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hapana mushonga "unoshanda kune vese" wezvirwere izvi. Mishonga inogona kubatsira kune zvimwe zvirwere, asi kwete zvese.

Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kumatambudziko eAutonomic Nervous System?

Kudzivirira kukuvara kwetsinga dzemuviri ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvinodzikanganisa. Matanho akanakisa ekudzivirira aunogona kutora ndeaya:

• Idya chikafu chakakwana . Kushaikwa kwemavhitamini, kunyanya kushomeka kwevhitamini B12, kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro etsinga dzako.
• Dzivisa kushandisa zvinodhaka zvisina kunaka uye doro zvisina kunaka . Kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakanyorerwa nachiremba uye zvekuzvivaraidza, pamwe nedoro, kunogona kukuvadza tsinga dzemuviri.
• Ramba uchiita maekisesaizi uye chengetedza huremu hwakanaka . Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kana kunonotsa kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga cheType 2, icho chinogona kukuvadza tsinga dzinozvitonga nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira kukuvara kunogona kukuvadza nzvimbo dzemusana dzinokanganisa sisitimu yetsinga dzinozvitonga.
• Pfekai midziyo yekudzivirira kana zvichidikanwa.Njodzi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekukuvadzwa kwetsinga. Kushandisa midziyo yekuchengetedza kubasa nekutamba kunogona kukubatsira kukudzivirira kubva kumhando idzi dzenjodzi, kana kuderedza kuoma kwetsaona.
• Raramisa zvirwere zvisingaperi sezvinokurudzirwa . Kana uine chirwere chisingaperi chinogona kukanganisa tsinga dzako dzemuviri - kunyanya chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri - unofanira kutora matanho ekugadzirisa chirwere chako. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza migumisiro yechirwere kana kunonotsa nguva yazvinotora kuti chiwedzere kuipa. Chiremba wako anogona kukutungamira munzira dzekugadzirisa chirwere chako.

Zvakakosha : Sisitimu yetsinga inongozvitonga chikamu chakakosha chemararamiro ako. Kazhinji, haufanirwe kutombofunga nezvazvo, zvinongoita basa razvo. Kutarisira muviri wako, kunyanya sisitimu yako yetsinga, ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira zvirwere zvinokanganisa sisitimu yetsinga inongozvitonga. Ipapo unogona kutarisa pazvinhu zviri muhupenyu hwako zvaunoda kutarisa.

Chinhu chakakosha chatinofanira kurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, muchidimbu, Autonomic Nervous System yedu isystem inoshamisa, inongozvidzora yoga mumuviri wedu. Kunyangwe tisingazvizivi, inotarisira zvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha chinyararire, kubva pakufema kwedu kusvika pakurova kwemoyo wedu kusvika pakugaya kwedu.

Kuchengetedza hurongwa uhwu hune hutano kwakakosha pahutano hwedu hwese. Saka, zvakakosha kutevedzera mararamiro ane hutano, kutevedzera mazano ekurapa akakodzera, uye kutarisira miviri yedu . Nekuti chero bedzi mushandi uyu akanyarara achishanda zvakanaka, takasununguka kufunga nezvezvimwe zvinhu muhupenyu hwedu.