Tose tinoda kuramba tiine hutano hwakanaka, handiti? Waizviziva here kuti muviri wako une dziviriro yemukati inoshanda nesimba kuti ikudzivirire kubva kuzvirwere? Chikamu chakakosha cheiyi sisitimu chakagadzirwa nemasero anonzi malymphocytes. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, funga nezvawo semasoja madiki anochengetedza hutano hwako. Ngatinyatsoongororai kuti malymphocytes chii uye kuti anokuchengetedza sei zvakanaka neNirogi Lanka.
Chii Chinonzi Lymphocytes Chaizvo?
Lymphocytes rudzi rwemasero machena eropa. Ungave uchiziva kare kuti ropa rako rine masero matsvuku nemachena; malymphocyte iboka rakasiyana riri mumasero machena eropa iwayo. Basa ravo guru nderekutsigira masoja emuviri wako. Funga nezvemasoja emuviri wako seuto rekudzivirira remuviri wako, rakagadzirirwa kukudzivirira kubva kunjodzi dzekunze dzakadai sehutachiona , mabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dze lymphocytes:
- T lymphocytes (T cells): Ava ndivo vatungamiriri vehurongwa hwekudzivirira muviri. Vanodzora mhinduro dzemuviri uye vanokwanisa kuona masero ane hutachiona kana masero ekenza , vachiarwisa zvakananga kuti vaaparadze.
- MaB lymphocytes (masero eB): Aya ndiwo mafekitori ekudzivirira muviri wako. MaAntibodies mapuroteni akagadzirirwa kuziva zvinhu zvakapinda mumuviri zvakaita semavhairasi kana mabhakitiriya uye oshanda sezvombo zvekudzikisa njodzi idzi.
Lymphocytes Dzinobatsira Sei Muviri Wako?
Lymphocytes haisi masero chete; inokosha pakurarama kwako.
Zvinonyanya kukudzivirira nekurwisa masero ekenza uye kubvisa maantigen —zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita semabhakitiriya nemavhairasi zvinotyisidzira hutano hwako.
Uyezve, malymphocyte ane "ndangariro" inoshamisa. Anoyeuka antigen yega yega yaakasangana nayo. Wakambozvibvunza here kuti sei usingawanzobatwa nezvirwere zvakaita segwirikwiti kana chickenpox kechipiri? Izvi zvinokonzerwa nendangariro inochengetwa nemasero aya. Mushure mekusangana neantigen, mamwe malymphocyte anoshanduka kuita "masero endangariro." Kana antigen imwe chete ikapinda zvakare, aya masero endangariro anozviziva ipapo ipapo uye anotanga mhinduro nekukurumidza, yehasha. Iyi ndiyo zvakare musimboti wekuti majekiseni anokudzivirira sei kubva kune zvimwe zvirwere.
Masero eT nemasero eB anoshanda sei pamwe chete?
Kunyange zvazvo masero eT nemasero eB achishanda pamwe chete, mabasa awo akasiyana.
Basa reT Cells
Masero eT ane basa rekuparadza masero ane utachiona uye kudzora mashandiro emuviri. Masero mazhinji eT anoda chiratidzo kubva kune mamwe masero ekudzivirira muviri kuti ashande. Kana angoshanda, anowanda uye anosiyana-siyana mumhando dzakasiyana:
- Masero eT ane chepfu : Aya ndiwo masimba akakosha emuviri wako. Anosunga kumaantigen pamasero ane utachiona kana asina kujairika, ogadzira maburi mumembrane yesero, uye obaya ma enzymes kuti auraye sero kubva mukati.
- Masero eT anobatsira: Sezita rawo, anobatanidza dziviriro. Mamwe anobatsira masero eB kugadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, nepo mamwe achiwedzera kushanda kwemasero eT ane chepfu.
- Masero eT anodzora: Masero aya anogadzira zvinhu zvinoratidza kuti mhinduro yemuviri yekudzivirira muviri yamira kana njodzi yapera, zvichidzivirira muviri kurwisa nhengo dzawo dzine hutano.
Basa reMasero eB
Masero eB ane mareceptor pamusoro pawo anonamatira kune maantigen chaiwo. Kana angodzidza kuziva njodzi, anogadzira ma antibodies akagadzirwa kuti arwise njodzi iyi. Anopindura nenzira mbiri:
- Mhinduro huru yekudzivirira muviri:Kana antigen yabatana neB cell receptor kekutanga, B cell inomutswa. Mamwe anova "memory cells," nepo mamwe achichinja kuita "plasma cells." Masero aya eplasma anoburitsa ma antibodies chaiwo anodiwa, kunyange hazvo maitiro aya anogona kutora mazuva akati wandei panguva yehutachiona hwekutanga.
- Mhinduro yemuviri yekudzivirira muviri: Kana antigen imwe chete ikadzoka, masero ekurangarira anoiyeuka ipapo ipapo. Anowanda nekukurumidza uye anoshanduka kuita masero eplasma, achigadzira antibody chaiyo nekukurumidza. Ndosaka uchipora nekukurumidza kana ukarwara kechipiri.
Lymphocytes Dzinogadzirwa Uye Dzinowanikwa Kupi?
Lymphocytes inogadzirwa mumongo wemapfupa ako. Kana yakura, inopinda muropa. Unogona kuwana masero aya akura muropa rako uye muhurongwa hwelymphatic hwese.
Mamwe anofamba achienda ku thymus gland kuti anova T cells, nepo mamwe achitamira kuma lymph nodes nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kuti akure kuita B cells.
Lymphocytes Dzinoita Sei?
MaLymphocyte akakura zvishoma pane masero matsvuku eropa asi achiri madiki zvekuti anoda maikorosikopu kuti aone. Lymphocyte yega yega ine nucleus hombe, yakadzika yepepuru pakati, yakakomberedzwa nechikamu chakatetepa checytoplasm yepepuru yakajeka.
Ndeipi Nhamba Yakajairika yeLymphocytes?
Kuverengwa kwevana kunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezera, majini, murume kana mukadzi, kureba, uye mararamiro.
- Kuvanhu vakuru: Huwandu hwemasero aya hunowanzova pakati pe1,000 ne4,800 lymphocytes pa microliter imwe neimwe yeropa.
- Kuvana: Huwandu hwacho hwakakwira, kazhinji pakati pe3,000 ne9,500 lymphocytes pa microliter imwe neimwe yeropa.
Kazhinji, ma lymphocytes anoumba anenge 20% kusvika 40% yehuwandu hwemasero machena eropa rako.
Chii Chinoitika Kana Nhamba Yako yeLymphocyte Yakakwira?
Kana muine zvinokunetsai nezvemhedzisiro yeropa renyu, ndapota bvunzai chiremba wenyu nekukasika. Kana mukaona zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sefivha yakanyanya, kunetseka kufema, kana kufenda zvisina tsarukano, tsvagai rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira kuchipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika.
Kana huwandu hwemalymphocytes muropa rako hwakakwirira kupfuura huwandu hwakajairika, tinohudaidza kuti lymphocytosis . Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuti muviri wako uri kurwisa hutachiona kana chimwe chirwere chiripo. Mukupindura, muviri wako unogona kugadzira mamwe malymphocytes kuti akubatsire kukudzivirira.
Zvisinei, huwandu hwema lymphocyte hunogonawo kuwedzera nekuda kwezvirwere zvakakomba. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:
- Chiropa
- Sipfuyo
- Mononucleosis
- Tibhii
- HIV neAIDS
- Hypothyroidism
- Zvirwere zvakaita sechikosoro chinoputika, toxoplasmosis, kana cytomegalovirus
- Kanza dzeropa dzakadai se lymphoma kana leukemia
Chii chinoitika kana huwandu hwema lymphocyte angu hwakaderera?
Kana huwandu hwemalymphocytes muropa rako hukadzikira pasi pehuwandu hwakajairika, hunozivikanwa se lymphocytopenia kana lymphopenia . Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichigona kuitika nekuda kwefuruu kana hutachiona hudiki, zvinogonawo kuva chiratidzo chedambudziko guru rehutano. Zvimwe zvinogona kukonzera zvinosanganisira:
- HIV kana AIDS
- Tibhii kana fivha yetyphoid
- Chiropa chinotapukira
- Zvirwere zveropa zvakaita seHodgkin's disease
- Zvirwere zve autoimmune zvakaita se lupus
- Zvirwere zvisingawanzoitika kubva kuvabereki, zvinosanganisira Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), Ataxia-telangiectasia, DiGeorge syndrome, uye Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
- Kurapwa kwemishonga senge radiation therapy kana chemotherapy
Ndezvipi zviedzo zvinoongorora huwandu hwema lymphocyte angu?
Kune bvunzo dzakawanda dzeropa dziripo kutibatsira kunzwisisa mazinga e lymphocyte yako. Dzekutanga dzinosanganisira:
- Kuwanda kwemalymphocyte akazara: Izvi zvinowanzo kuve chikamu chebvunzo yeComplete Blood Count (CBC). Inopa huwandu chaihwo hwemalymphocyte ari muropa rako kwete chikamu chimwe chete.
- Flow cytometry: Iyi bvunzo yemurabhoritari yakasarudzika. Ropa rako rinorapwa nemvura chaiyo uye rinopfuudzwa nemuchina unoshandiswa nelaser unonzi flow cytometer. Laser iyi inoita kuti masero apararire nenzira dzakasiyana, zvichibvumira timu yako yehutano kuziva nekuverenga mhando dzakasiyana dzemasero nemazvo.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvezvirwere zvine chekuita ne lymphocytes?
Kazhinji, kuva ne lymphocytosis kana lymphocytopenia chete hakukonzeri zviratidzo chaizvo. Zvisinei, kana huwandu hwe lymphocyte yako hwakachinja nekuda kwechirwere cheropa kana kenza, unogona kuona zviratidzo zvine chekuita nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, zvakaita se:
- Manodhi elymph akazvimba
- Kudikitira husiku
- Kupindwa nechando
- Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu
- Kurasikirwa nechido chekudya
- Kushaya mweya
Chiyeuchidzo chekupedzisira, chakakosha kubva kuNirogi Lanka!
Lymphocytes rudzi rwakakosha rwemasero machena eropa. Anoshanda senhengo huru mukudzivirira muviri wako, achidzivirira muviri wako kubva kuzvirwere. Huwandu hwemalymphocyte ako hunogona kuongororwa zviri nyore kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa nguva dzose.
Kuwana mhinduro dzinoratidza kuti huwandu hwema lymphocyte ako huri kunze kwehuwandu hwakajairika kunogona kukunetsa. Zvisinei, kazhinji, shanduko iyi inongoratidza kuti muviri wako uri kurwisa hutachiona. Edza kusazvidya mwoyo zvisina kufanira.
Kana muine zvinokunetsai kana mibvunzo, nzira yakanakisisa yekuita ndeyekuronga nguva yekuonana nachiremba wenyu. Chiremba wenyu achakwanisa kuona chikonzero chaicho uye kukutungamirai pamatanho anodiwa kuti mudzorere hutano hwenyu.
