Ndiani chiremba wevana vacheche uyu? Ngationei chaizvo!

Mhuri yenyu yava kuda kuwedzera nhengo itsva here? Kana kuti shamwari kana hama yava kuda kuva nemwana here? Saka kana tichitaura nezvevana vacheche, dzimwe nguva tinonzwa nezve 'Neonatologist'. Ndiani chiremba wevana ava? Anoita sei? Ngatitaurei nezveizvi zvese zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Ndiani chiremba wevana vacheche uyu?

Muchidimbu, chiremba wevana vacheche inyanzvi inorapa vacheche vacheche, kunyanya vacheche vacheche vasati vasvika nguva yavo kana vacheche vane matambudziko ehutano akasiyana uye mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara. Semuenzaniso, kana mwana wako akazvarwa nguva yake isati yakwana kana kuti akaremara, chiremba uyu ndiye achatora basa rekurapwa kwemwana wako. Dzimwe nguva, kunyangwe mwana asati azvarwa, kana zvikaonekwa panguva yekuzvitakura kuti mwana ane dambudziko rehutano, unogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba uyu ane hunyanzvi ipapo ipapo. Zvakare, mune dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba ava varipo panguva yekuzvarwa, ndiko kuti, muimba yekuzvarira, uye vanopa mwana rubatsiro rwekukurumidza rwaanoda.

Vanachiremba vevana vacheche vanowanzo shanda muzvipatara zveNeonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). MaNICU aya inzvimbo dzekutarisira vana dzinoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana dzevana vanorwara kana vakazvarwa nguva isati yakwana. Mushure mekunge mwana wako adzoka kumba kubva kuNICU, vanogonawo kupa rubatsiro rwekutevera uye kushanda pamwe chete nachiremba wevana wemwana wako.

Chii chaizvo chinoitwa neonatologist?

Saka, ngatitarisei kuti nyanzvi iyi inoshanda sei chaizvo. Nyanzvi yevana vacheche munhu anopa rubatsiro rwakakosha uye kutarisirwa kwevacheche vachangoberekwa vane zvirwere zvakakomba, kukuvara, kana matambudziko kubva pakuzvarwa. Dzimwe nguva, kunyangwe mwana asati aberekwa, panguva yekuzvitakura, kana chirwere chekuzvarwa nacho chikaonekwa, kupindira kwachiremba uyu kunodiwa. Nyanzvi dzevana vacheche vanoshanda navanachiremba vezvekubereka kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti mwana ane zvese zvinodiwa pakuzvarwa. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva, mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana, kana paine dambudziko risingatarisirwi, vanachiremba ava vanodiwa.

Heano mamwe emabasa makuru anoitwa neNeonatologist:

• Inoongorora uye inorapa zvirwere, hutachiona, kana zvimwe zvirwere muvana vacheche.
• Kurongeka kwekutarisira, kuvhiyiwa, uye kumwe kurapwa kunodiwa kumwanaKuita uye kutarisira.
• Miedzo yakaita sekuongororwa kweropa, X-rays, echocardiograms (EKGs), kana ultrasounds inorayirwa kuti iongorore mamiriro emwana kana mashandiro enhengo yake.
• Kuve nechokwadi chekuti vacheche vanorwara vanowana kudya kwakakwana.
• Anobatsira mukamuri rekuzvarira uye anopa rubatsiro rwekukurumidza kumwana ane chirwere panguva yekuzvarwa.
• Kutarisirwa kwemwana kunokurukurwa navanachiremba vezvekubereka nevanachiremba vezvirwere zvevakadzi, nyanzvi dzemishonga yemadzimai nemwana asati aberekwa, pamwe nevanachiremba vevana.
• Mhuri inotsigirwa mupfungwa inodiwa mwana ari muNICU.

Ndeipi nguva yaunofanira kuona chiremba wevana vacheche?

Zvakanaka, ikozvino ungave uchishamisika kuti, "Sei ndichida kuona nyanzvi yakadai?" Unogona kutanga waona chiremba wevana panguva yekuzvitakura kwako. Kureva kuti, kana mwana wako asati aberekwa akaonekwa kuti ane hurema hwekuzvarwa nahwo. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri matambudziko emuviri wemwana, kana kuti zvinogona kunge zvakagarwa nhaka se cystic fibrosis . Vanachiremba vevana vanoshanda nenyanzvi dzezvekubereka nevana (OBGYNs) uye nyanzvi dzezvemadzimai nemwana asati aberekwa kuti vabatsire kutarisira kutarisirwa kwemwana wako asati aberekwa, panguva yekuzvarwa, uye mushure mekuzvarwa. Vanodawo rubatsiro rwechiremba wevana kana paine dambudziko rehutano risingatarisirwi kana kukuvara panguva yekuzvarwa.

Heano zvimwe zvikonzero zvinoita kuti uone chiremba wevana:

• Kana mimba yako iri panjodzi huru.
• Kana mwana wako ari panjodzi huru yekuzvarwa nguva isati yakwana.
• Kana mwana asati aberekwa akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere chekuzvarwa nacho.
• Kana mwana wako akazvarwa nguva isati yakwana.
• Kana mwana akakuvara panguva yekuzvarwa.
• Kana mwana wako akazvarwa aine chirwere kana chimwe chirwere.
• Kana paine zvimwe zvinetso zvisingatarisirwi zvinoitika panguva yekusununguka kana mushure mekusununguka.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinorapwa neonatologist?

Vanachiremba vevana vacheche vanonyanya kurapa vacheche vachangoberekwa vanorwara, vakakuvara, kana vanoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha mushure mekuzvarwa. Heano mamwe ematambudziko anowanzo shandiswa navanachiremba ava:

• Nhengo dzemuviri dzisati dzakura kana kuti dzisina kukura zvakanaka.
• Kurema Kushoma Kwemwana Pakuzvarwa Kana Kudziviswa Kwekukura Kwemwana Ari Mudumbu.
• Matambudziko ekuzvarwa nawo kana kuti matambudziko ekuzvarwa nawo.
• Matambudziko Ekufema kana Kufema.
• Zvirwere zvemwoyo zvakaita seHeart Failure, Septal Defects, kana Bradycardia.
• Zvirwere zvakaita sepfari kana kubuda ropa muuropi.
• Shuga shoma muropa (Shuga shoma muropa kana Hypoglycemia).
• Machubhu ekudyisa vanhu kuti vatarisire kudya kunovaka muviri nekukura kana kuti vape chikafu.
• Jaundice kana mamwe matambudziko echiropa kana itsvo.
• Kukuvara Kwekuzvarwa.

Musiyano uripo pakati pechiremba wevana vacheche nevana (neonatologist) nachiremba wevana (general patientian) ndeupi?

Uyu mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Nyanzvi yevana vacheche inyanzvi yevana. Zvisinei, akadzidziswa zvakanyanya kurapa vacheche vachangoberekwa, kureva kuti, vacheche vanoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha, vane chirwere chakati kana kukuvara. Nyanzvi dzevana vacheche dzinotanga dzawana ruzivo mukurapa vana, dzobva dzawana rumwe ruzivo rwakakosha mukurapa vacheche. Chinangwa chavo chose chiri pavacheche vachangoberekwa vari panjodzi yekufa nekuda kwechimwe chirwere kana kuremara kwekuzvarwa nako.

Zvisinei, chiremba wevana chiremba mukuru (general pediatrician) chiremba anoita ongororo dzehutano hwevana nguva dzose uye anorapa zvirwere zvevana kubva pazuva ravanozvarwa kusvika vava nemakore angangoita gumi nemasere. Dzimwe nguva chiremba wevana vacheche nachiremba wevana mukuru vanoshanda pamwe chete kutarisira mwana.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chiremba wese wevana vacheche inyanzvi yevana, asi havasi chiremba wese wevana inyanzvi yevana vacheche!

Munhu anova sei chiremba wevana vacheche?

Iyi ipfungwa yakakoshawo zvikuru. Kurapa kwevana vacheche inyaya inokosha mune zvevana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuti uve chiremba wevana vacheche, unofanira kutanga wadzidziswa sachiremba wevana.

Ngationei kuti rwendo irworwo ruchafamba sei:

1. Kutanga, unofanira kuenda kuyunivhesiti wowana Dhigirii reBachelor.

2. Zvadaro, unofanirwa kupasa bvunzo yeMedical College Admissions Test (MCAT) uye kunyoresa kuchikoro chekurapa.

3. Mushure mechikoro chekurapa,Unofanira kupedzisa chirongwa chekugara muPediatrics. Kugara uku kunogara kwemakore matatu. Munguva iyi, unowana ruzivo rwakawanda rwekushanda nevana muchipatara.

4. Mushure mekudzidziswa kugara muchipatara, munofanira kupedzisa kudzidza nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevana vacheche kana kuti neonatology. Chirongwa ichi chedzidzo chinotora mamwe makore matatu.

5. Danho rekupedzisira nderekuva neBoard-Certified neAmerican Board of Pediatrics neSub-Board of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine.

Fungidzira, mushure mekuita zvese izvi , zvinotora makore angangoita gumi nerimwe kuti uve Bhodhi-Certified Neonatologist, uye dzimwe nguva kusvika makore gumi nemana.

Ndeapi marapirwo anoitwa nechiremba wevana vacheche?

Vanachiremba vevana vacheche vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa kuti vatarisire hutano hwemwana wenyu. Kunewo michina yakawanda yakakosha yekutarisira mwana wenyu ari muNICU. Kana mwana wenyu achida kuvhiyiwa, chiremba wevana vacheche achashanda nachiremba wekuvhiya mwana wenyu.

Heano mamwe emishonga nemaitiro anowanzo shandiswa nevanoongorora vana:

• Kurapa Kufema - Semuenzaniso, Kumanikidzwa Kwemhepo Kusingaperi (CPAP), Kuomesa Nemhepo Kunze Kwemuviri (ECMO), Kufemesa, nezvimwewo.
• Kurapa vana vacheche vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana vasingakwanise kuchengetedza tembiricha yemuviri wavo.
• Kurapa kwemwana ane kukuvara kwehuropi.
• Kurapa kwechirwere chejaundice.
• Mvura inopinzwa mutsinga (IV), mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, nemimwe mishonga, kana kuwedzerwa ropa.

Chii chaunotarisira paunosangana nachiremba wevana vacheche?

Kana ukashanyira chiremba wevana panguva yekuzvitakura kwako, vanotanga vakutsanangurira chirwere kana mamiriro ezvinhu auri kufungidzira kuti mwana wako anawo. Vanogonawo kukurukura nezvehurongwa hwekurapa; zvisinei, izvi zvingasazivikanwa zvizere kusvika mwana azvarwa. Vanachiremba vevana vanotarisira pamuviri wako kusvika mwana azvarwa. Zvichienderana nemamiriro emwana, chiremba wevana vanogona kubatsira kusununguka mwana kana kutamisa mwana kuNICU kuti awane rubatsiro nekukurumidza.

Kana, kamwe kamwe, mwana wako akazvarwa aine chirwere chisingatarisirwi, chiremba wevana vachakutsanangurira chirwere chacho uye vachakuudza kuti vanoronga kurapa sei mwana wacho.Vachataura nezvengozi nemabhenefiti ekurapwa uye zvaunogona kutarisira. Usatya kuvabvunza mibvunzo yaunayo nezvemamiriro emwana wako kana kutarisirwa kwake. Ikodzero yako.

Ko vanachiremba vevana vacheche vanozvara vana here?

Ehe, mune dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba vevana vacheche vanobatsira kusununguka. Semuenzaniso, kana mwana wako aine chirwere chinoda kurapwa nekukasika, chiremba wevana vacheche anobatsira chiremba wevana mukamuri rekuzvarira.

Chiremba wevana vacheche chiremba here kana kuti mukoti?

Izvi ndizvo zvaunofanirawo kuziva zvakajeka. Chiremba wevana vacheche chiremba. Vanhu vakapedza dzidzo yavo kubva kuchikoro chekurapa.

Saka, vanachiremba vevana vacheche inyanzvi dzekurapa vana vacheche vane zvirwere kana kuti vane urema hwekuzvarwa nahwo. Unogona kusangana nachiremba wevana vacheche panguva yekuzvitakura kwako, kana kuti ungangoda rubatsiro rwavo mushure mekunge mwana wako azvarwa. Vanachiremba vevana vacheche varipo kuti vape rubatsiro rwakanakisisa kumwana wako achangozvarwa uye kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti anokura aine hutano hwakanaka, kunyangwe makore avo ekutanga ehupenyu achigona kutyisa zvishoma.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zvatinoda kudzidza kubva munyaya ino?

Zvakanaka, saka, kubva muhurukuro iyi yese, zvinhu zvakakosha zvaunofanira kurangarira ndeizvi:

• Chiremba wevana vacheche chiremba ane hunyanzvi mukurapa vacheche vachangoberekwa, kunyanya avo vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana kana vane matambudziko akaomarara ehutano.
• Vanowanzo shanda muNICU dzezvipatara (Neonatal Intensive Care Units).
• Kana pamuviri pako paine njodzi huru, kana mwana wako aine dambudziko pakuzvarwa, kana kana mwana wako akazvarwa nguva isati yakwana, ungangoda rubatsiro rwechiremba wevana vacheche.
• Chiremba wevana vacheche zvakare chiremba wevana, asi munhu akawana kudzidziswa kwakakosha muvana vacheche vachangoberekwa.
• Usatya kubvunza chiremba wevana vacheche mibvunzo nezvemamiriro emwana wako.

Yeukai kuti kana mwana wenyu achida rubatsiro rwenyanzvi yakaita seiyi, zvinoreva kuti mwana wenyu ari kuwana rubatsiro rwekurapa rwakanakisisa. Saka rambai makasimba.

Vacheche , Chiremba weVacheche, Kuberekwa nguva isati yakwana, NICU, Matambudziko ekuzvarwa nawo, Vana, Kutarisirwa kweVacheche