Mwana wenyu ane dambudziko remahormone here? Ngatitaurei nezvechiremba wezvirwere zvemahormone evana!

Dzimwe nguva patinofunga nezvezvirwere zvinobatwa nevana vedu, kunyanya kana zvichiita sezvine kuoma, tinonzwa mutoro mukuru pamoyo yedu, handiti? Matambudziko ane chekuita nemahormone akafanana. Asi hapana chikonzero chekunetseka. Nekuti kune nyanzvi dzinogona kukubatsira iwe nemwana wako dzimwe nguva dzakadai. Ndiwo rudzi rwemunhu ari chiremba we endocrinologist wevana , kana sezvatinoti muchiRungu, "Pediatric Endocrinologist". Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei zvishoma nezvenyanzvi iyi.

Ndiani chiremba wevana anonzi Endocrinologist?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, nyanzvi yemahormone evana chiremba anoongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvine chekuita nemahormone muvana nevechiri kuyaruka , kureva matambudziko nehurongwa hweendocrine. Kana mwana wako aine matambudziko ekuyaruka , matambudziko ekukura , mamiriro akaita sechirwere cheshuga , kana chero chimwe chirwere chine chekuita nemahormone nemagland anoagadzira, nyanzvi iyi inogona kubatsira.

Saka chii chinonzi endocrinology iyi?

Endocrinology ibazi remishonga rinoongorora hurongwa hwe endocrine mumuviri wedu. Hurongwa uhwu hwakaumbwa nema "endocrine glands", nhengo dze endocrine, uye mahormone. Funga nezvazvo senzira yakakosha yekuti miviri yedu itaure mashoko.

Matumbu eEndocrine

Idzi inhengo dzakakosha mumuviri wedu dzinogadzira mahormone uye dzinoaburitsa muropa. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzematumbu:

• Matumbu eAdrenal: Aya matumbu maviri madiki ari pamusoro peitsvo dzedu. Anogadzira mahormone anopindura kushushikana, pamwe nemahormone anodzora huwandu hwemunyu.
• Gland repituitary : Gland iri diki, rakaita semapfupa riri pasi pehuropi rinodzora mamwe magland akawanda, saka dzimwe nguva rinonzi "guruva guru."
• Gland reThroid : Gland iri rakaita seshavishavi riri pamberi pemutsipa rinogadzira mahormone anodzora kumhanya kwesimba rinoitwa nemuviri.
• Parathyroid glands: Aya magland madiki mana ari kuseri kwethyroid gland anodzora huwandu hwecalcium mumuviri.

Nhengo dzeEndocrine

Nhengo idzi dzinogadzirawo mahormone uye dzinoita mamwe mabasa akakosha.

• Pancreas : Nhengo iyi iri mudumbu repamusoro ine chekuita nechirwere cheshuga.Inogadzira hormone inonzi insulin .
• Hypothalamus: Chikamu ichi cheuropi chinodzora pituitary gland.
• Mazai : Chikamu chemuviri wemukadzi chinoburitsa mahormone epabonde.
• Maende : Chikamu chenhengo dzekubereka dzevarume chinogadzira mahormone epabonde.

Mahormone

Mahormone akafanana nevatumwa vemakemikari mumiviri yedu. Anofamba kubva kune rimwe gland kuenda kune rimwe kuburikidza neropa uye anokanganisa imwe nhengo kana tishu. Mahormone anokanganisa maitiro akawanda akakosha mumiviri yedu. Heano mienzaniso mishoma:

• Metabolism : Maitiro ekushandura chikafu kuita simba uye kushandisa simba iroro.
• Kukura: Kukura kwatinoita uye kukura kwatinoita miviri yedu.
• Kubereka pabonde: Zvinhu zvakaita sekuyaruka uye kugona kubereka.
• Kurara: Kudzora kurara kwedu nekumuka kwedu.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati penyanzvi yemahormone evana nenyanzvi yemahormone akajairika?

Iyi inyaya yakakosha zvikuru. Vana havasi vanhu vadiki. Makuriro emiviri yavo uye mashandiro anoita mahormone avo zvakasiyana zvikuru nevakuru. Matambudziko emahormone anosangana nevana anogonawo kusiyana neaya anosangana nevanhu vakuru. Nyanzvi dzemahormone evana vanachiremba vakawana kudzidziswa kwakakosha kwekuti matambudziko aya emahormone ane chekuita sei nekukura kwevana. Nokudaro, vanogona kupa mishonga chaiyo yevana.

Chii chinoitwa nachiremba wevana vane mahormone? Ndezvipi zvirwere zvavanorapa?

Nyanzvi yezvirwere zvemahormone evana inoongorora, inorapa, uye inorapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganisa endocrine system yemwana. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvirwere izvi.

Zvirwere zveAdrenal gland

Mahormone edu eadrenal anogadzira mahormone akawanda akakosha. Mamwe ematambudziko anogona kuitika nemahormone aya anosanganisira:

• Chirwere cheAddison: Izvi zvinoitika kana muviri wemwana usingagadzi mahormone maviri akakwana, cortisol (hormone inopindura kushushikana) uye aldosterone (hormone inodzora mazinga emunyu).
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Ichi chirwere chemajini chinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwehomoni dze cortisol, aldosterone, uye androgen (rudzi rwehomoni yechirume) mumwana.
• Chirwere cheCushing:Izvi zvinonziwo `(Hypercortisolism)`. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti muviri wemwana unoburitsa hormone yakawandisa `(Cortisol)`.

Mamiriro emapfupa necalcium

Mahormone mazhinji anoita basa guru mukuchengetedza mapfupa edu akasimba uye kuchengetedza calcium yakakwana.

• Hypercalcemia: Chirwere chekuti calcium muropa remwana yakakwira kupfuura zvakajairwa.
• Hypocalcemia: Chirwere chekuti calcium muropa remwana yakaderera pane zvakajairwa.
• Maronda: Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kweVitamin D. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti mapfupa evana asashande zvakanaka uye akotame.

Chirwere cheshuga uye mamiriro emuviri

Nyanzvi dzemahormone evana dzinorapawo matambudziko ane chekuita nemetabolism, ndiyo nzira iyo muviri unogadzira simba. Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chinowanzoitika.

• Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga: Apa ndipo apo masoja emuviri emwana (autoimmune attack) anoparadza masero ari mupancreas anogadzira insulin. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pancreas haigone kugadzira insulin.
• Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri: Panyaya iyi, pancreas inogadzira insulin, asi muviri haugone kuishandisa nemazvo. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidzwa nekufutisa.
• Kufuta: Kurwara kwenguva refu kwakaoma uko mafuta akawanda mumuviri anoungana uye kunokanganisa hutano. Izvi zvinogonawo kusanganiswa nekusarongeka kwemahormone.

Matambudziko ekukura kwepabonde

Dzimwe nguva, vana vanogona kusangana nematambudziko mukukura kwavo pabonde. Semuenzaniso, chirwere chinonzi atypical genitalia . Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chemajini. Muchiitiko ichi, nhengo dzekunze dzemwana dzingasave nechitarisiko chemurume kana mukadzi, asi dzinogona kuoneka pakati. Nyanzvi yemahormone evana inogona kuona zvirwere zvakadaro uye kupa mazano anodiwa uye kurapwa.

Matambudziko e endocrine emumajini

Mamwe matambudziko emahormone anogona kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita semajini.

• Turner syndrome: Chirwere ichi chinobata vasikana chete. Rimwe kana ese ma chromosomes avo eX haapo. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvinhu zvakaita sekukura uye mashandiro e ovarian.
• Prader-Willi syndrome: Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwawo nemajini. Chinokanganisa mashandiro emuviri wemwana, zvichikonzera shanduko dzemuviri nemaitiro (semuenzaniso, nzara yakawandisa, matambudziko ekukura).

Matambudziko ane chekuita nekukura uye kuyaruka

Mahormone akakosha zvikuru pakukura nekukura kwemwana uye kuti asvike pakukura panguva yakakodzera. Matambudziko anogona kumuka panyaya iyi anosanganisira:

• Hurefu hupfupi:Mwana mupfupi pane 95% yevamwe vana vezera rimwe chete uye murume kana mukadzi. Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi, chimwe chazvo kushaikwa kwemahormone.
• Kuyaruka kwepanguva yekuzvitakura : Kana musikana akaratidza zviratidzo zvekuyaruka (semuenzaniso, kukura kwemazamu muvasikana, kukura kwemachende muvakomana) asati asvitsa makore masere, kana mukomana asati asvitsa makore mapfumbamwe, zvinoonekwa sekuti kuyaruka kwepanguva yekuzvitakura.
• Kunonoka kuyaruka : Kana kuyaruka kukatanga kusvika nguva yadarika kupfuura yakajairwa, zvichireva kuti musikana haasati aratidza zviratidzo zvekuyaruka pazera remakore gumi nematatu kana mukomana pazera remakore gumi nemana, zvinogona kunonoka kuyaruka.

Zvirwere zvepituitary gland

Sezvatakambokurukura, pituitary gland inoburitsa mahormone akawanda akakosha. Kana paine dambudziko nekushanda kwegland iyi, zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kumuka.

• Chirwere cheshuga insipidus: Izvi hazvina kufanana nechirwere cheshuga. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti muviri unorasikirwa neweti yakawandisa uye haugone kuchengetedza mvura zvakanaka. Nyota yakawandisa chiratidzo cheizvi.
• Hypopituitarism: Kusagadzirwa zvakanaka kwehomoni imwe kana kupfuura negland repituitary kunogona kukanganisa kukura, mashandiro ethyroid, mashandiro eadrenal, kuyaruka, uye kudzora nyota.

Zvirwere zve thyroid

Matambudziko anomuka kana huwandu hwemahormone anogadzirwa negland re thyroid huri pasi kana kuti hwakakwira.

• Goiter: Gland rethyroid rakakura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika chero mumamiriro ezvinhu apo huwandu hwemahormone huri hwakajairwa, hwakaderera, kana kuti hwakakwira.
• Hypothyroidism: Gland re thyroid hariburitse mahormone e thyroid akakwana muropa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti muviri uderere, uwedzere uremu, uye unzwe kuvimbiwa.
• Hyperthyroidism: Chirwere chekuti thyroid gland inoburitsa hormone yethyroid yakawandisa yoiburitsa muropa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kudzikira kwehuremu, uye kudikitira kwakanyanya.

Chii chaunofanira kutarisira paunoshanyira nyanzvi yemahormone evana kekutanga?

Kana iwe nemwana wako mukasangana kekutanga nachiremba wevana vane mahormone, chiremba achakubvunzai zvakawanda nezvezviratidzo zvemwana wenyu, nhoroondo yezveutano hwemhuri yenyu, uye mishonga iri kutorwa nemwana wenyu parizvino . Iye achaitawo bvunzo yemuviri . Dzimwe nguva, kuongororwa kweropa nekuongororwa kunogona kukurudzirwa. Musazvidya moyo, zvese izvi zvinoitirwa kuti munzwisise zviri nani mamiriro emwana wenyu.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuudza chiremba zvese zvaunoziva, zvisinei nekuti zvidiki sei. Izvi zvichamubatsira kuti awane chirwere chaicho.

Ungava sei nyanzvi yemahormone evana?

Zvakanakawo kuziva izvi. Nyanzvi yezvirwere zvepfungwa yevana munhu anotanga apedza dhigirii rezvekurapa (makore 4-5) uye ozodzidziswa zvakanyanya mukurapa vana (makore angangoita matatu). Mushure meizvozvo, vanofanirwa kudzidziswazve kwemakore matatu (fellowship) mu endocrinology yevana, kureva, zvirwere zvemahormone zvevana. Kudzidziswa uku kunofanirwawo kubvumidzwa nekanzuru yedzidzo yezvekurapa inozivikanwa (yakadai seAccreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education - ACGME). Pamusoro pezvo, chitupa kubva kumasangano anozivikanwa akadai seAmerican Board of Pediatrics (ABP) chinosimbisawo hunyanzvi hwavo. Imhaka yekudzidziswa uku kwenguva refu kunoita kuti vawane ruzivo rwakadzama nezvebasa iri rakaoma.

Asi munyika medu, ndiko kuti, muSri Lanka, nzira yekuva Nyanzvi yeEndocrinologist yeVana yakasiyana zvishoma. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nePGIM (Post Graduate Institute of Medicine) yakabatana neYunivhesiti yeColombo.

MuSri Lanka, rwendo urwu rwunorongwa seizvi:

1. Zvinodiwa Zvakakosha (MBBS & Internship): Kutanga, unofanirwa kuwana dhigirii reMBBS kubva kuchikoro chekurapa, kupedzisa internship inosungirwa, uye kunyoresa neSLMC.

2. Bvunzo Yekupinda (Bvunzo Yekusarudza): Wobva wapasa "Bvunzo Yekusarudza yeMD (Paediatrics)" inoitiswa nePGIM. Iyi ibvunzo yemakwikwi.

3. Kudzidziswa Kwevana Vanowanzoita Zvekurapa - Registrar: Kana wangopasa bvunzo, uchava nemakore angangoita matatu ekudzidziswa (Nguva yeRegistrar). Muizvi, uchadzidza zvakanyanya nezvevana vakajairika.

4. Kuongororwa kweMD: Pakupera kwemakore matatu aya, pane bvunzo ye "MD (Paediatrics)". Kupasa iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuve "nyanzvi yechiremba".

5. Kusarudzwa kweZvinhu Zvidiki: Mushure mekupasa MD, munhu anofanira kusarudza kuti oenda kupi. Ikoko, munhu anofanira kusarudza zvidzidzo zvidiki zvinonzi "Paediatric Endocrinology" (mahormone evana). (Izvi zvinowanikwa zvichibva paMvumo nemabasa asina vanhu).

6. Kudzidziswa kweVana Vachiri Kushanda - Mukuru weRegistrar: Apa ndipo panotanga kudzidziswa kwakakosha mumahormone. Izvi zvinowanzotora makore angangoita maviri kusvika matatu.

   • Kudzidziswa Kwemunharaunda:Unofanira kushanda kwegore rimwe chete muchikamu chevana vanorapwa nehomoni pachipatara chikuru muSri Lanka.

   • Kudzidziswa Kunze Kwenyika: Unofanira kudzidziswa kwegore rimwe kana maviri kunze kwenyika (kazhinji muUK kana Australia) panzvimbo inozivikanwa.

7. Chitupa Chebhodhi: Kana zvese izvi zvapera, muchapihwa chitupa che "Board Certified Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist" nePGIM.

Saka, kungofanana nemaitiro ataurwa kare, muSri Lanka zvakare, rwendo urwu runoda kuzvipira kukuru kwemamwe makore 6-7 mushure meMBBS.

Saka, chii chinonyanya kukosha chekurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo? (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

• Kana muchifunga kuti mwana wenyu ane dambudziko rine chekuita nemahormone, kukura, kuyaruka, kana chirwere cheshuga, tangai mabvunza chiremba wemhuri yenyu kana chiremba wevana.
• Kana vachifunga kuti zvakakodzera, vachakutumira kuna chiremba we endocrinologist wevana.
• Nyanzvi idzi vanachiremba vane ruzivo rwakadzama uye kudzidziswa mumatambudziko emahormone evana. Vanogona kunyatsoongorora chirwere chemwana uye kupa zvirongwa zvakanakisisa zvekurapa nekutarisira chirwere.
• Yeukai kuti matambudziko evana ane mahormone akasiyana neevanhu vakuru, saka zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kunyanzvi.

Saka, kana mwana wako aine chimwe chezvirwere izvi, usavhunduke, uye tsvaga mazano akakodzera echiremba. Kune mhinduro dzezvese! Mahormone, Vana, Kukura, Kuyaruka, Chirwere cheshuga, Endocrine System, Nyanzvi yeMahormone eVana