Kurira kwemoyo wako kunoita sekunge kwapera simba here? Ngatitaurei nezveAtrial Fibrillation (AFib)!

Dzimwe nguva unonzwa sekuti moyo wako uri kurova sengoma here, kana kuti uri kungorova zvekupenga kamwe kamwe here? Kana kuti unonzwa zvisinganzwisisike seshavishavi riri kubhururuka muchipfuva chako, kana kuti hove iri kurwisana? Izvi zvingasava zvinhu zvinongouya mupfungwa dzako chete. Zvinogonawo kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chemwoyo chinonzi 'Atrial Fibrillation' (AFib) . Saka, nhasi tichataura nezveAFib iyi nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka kunoitika mumakamuri maviri epamusoro emoyo wako, anonzi atria . Mwoyo yedu ine sisitimu yemagetsi inotumira zviratidzo kumoyo kuti urove nenzira yakarongeka, yakarongeka. Asi mumoyo wemunhu ane AFib, sisitimu iyi yemagetsi haishande nemazvo. Pane kutumira zviratidzo nenzira yakarongeka, inotumira zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana panguva imwe chete.

Funga nezvemoyo wako sechikwata chemimhanzi. Kazhinji, pane mutungamiriri mumwe chete anopa zviratidzo uye anoita kuti mimhanzi iite zvakarongeka. Asi muAFIB, pane mutungamiriri mumwe chete, pane vanhu vakati wandei vanopa zviratidzo nenzira dzakasiyana. Ipapo nhengo dzechikwata hadzinzwisisi kuti vari kuridza chiratidzo chaani. Mimhanzi yacho inovhiringidzika zvachose, handiti? Ndizvo zvinoita kuti makamuri epamusoro emoyo, atria, atange kurova nekukurumidza uye nenzira isina kurongeka.

Nekuti atria haipindi zvakanaka, haigone kupomba ropa zvakanaka kuenda kumakamuri ari pasi pemoyo, maventricle . Maventricle anopindura zviratidzo zvinobva kuatria, uye anotanga kupinda zvisina kurongeka. Kurova kwemoyo kwaunonzwa kunokonzerwa nekupwanyika kwemaventricle aya. Saka, muAFib, kurova uku kunova nekukurumidza uye kusina kurongeka.

Ungaziva sei kana uine AFib? Ndezvipi zviratidzo?

Havasi vese vane AFib vane zviratidzo. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika. Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, zvakanaka kuti uone chiremba.

• Zvinonzwa seshavishavi riri kubhururuka muchipfuva chako, sehove iri kurwisana . Kana kuti zvinonzwa sekuti moyo wako uri kurova nekukurumidza uye uchirova muchipfuva chako. Mukurapa, tinodanawo izvi kuti "kurova kwemoyo" .
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya zvinoreva "kuneta zvakanyanya" . Kwete kungoneta chete, asi kuneta zvekuti haugone kuita chero chinhu.
• Dzungu kana kuti musoro mupfupi .
• Dzimwe nguva unogona kufenda (syncope).
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka (dyspnea) . Unganzwa sekunge uri kunetseka kufema kunyangwe ukashanda nesimba zvishoma.
• Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kana kusimba (angina).

Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, usazviregeredza.

Ko AFib chirwere chakakomba here?

Ehe, AFib chirwere chakakomba . Ungave uine zviratidzo kana kuti kwete, kuva neAFib zvinoreva kuti moyo wako hausi kurongeka. Kana moyo wako usiri kurova zvakanaka, pane mukana mukuru wekuti ropa riungane mukati memoyo wako. Kana ropa iri rikabva pamoyo wako roenda kune imwe nhengo inokosha seuropi hwako, rinogona kukonzera chirwere chakakomba chinonzi sitiroko . Zvakare, kana uine AFib kwenguva yakareba, moyo wako unogona kupera simba woshaya simba, zvichikonzera chirwere chinonzi heart failure .

Saka, kana uine zviratidzo zveAFIB, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika .

Kana zvakadaro, fonera 1990 nekukasika kana kuti enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo:

• Kana uchirwadziwa zvakanyanya pachipfuva .
• Kana uchinetseka zvakanyanya kufema .
• Kana uri kurasikirwa nepfungwa dzako kana kuti uchinzwa kuda kurasikirwa nepfungwa dzako .

Sei AFib ichiitika? Ndezvipi zvikonzero?

Chikonzero chikuru cheAFIB kuchinja kwetsinga dzemwoyo nemagetsi. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kuchinja uku:

• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemwoyo: Semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo, chirwere chevharuvhu, uye kutadza kushanda kwemoyo zvinogona kukonzera AFib.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvehutano: Kukwira kweropa, kufuta zvakanyanya uye kufutisa, hyperthyroidism, chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi, uye obstructive sleep apnea.
• Zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nemajini: Ongororo ichangobva kuitwa yakawana kuti mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana emajini ane chekuita nekukura kweAFIB. Izvi zvinogona dzimwe nguva kukonzera kukura kweAFIB pazera diki.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo: AFib inogonawo kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero. AFib inogonawo kuitika panguva yekupora kubva pakuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kusiri kwemoyo.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa neAFib?

Kuwedzera kune mamiriro ezvinhu ataurwa pamusoro apa, zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowedzera njodzi yekuve neAFib:

• Kukura kuri kuwedzera: Njodzi yekubatwa neAFib inowedzera nekukura, kunyanya mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu .
• Kunwa doro zvakanyanya: Kunwa doro rakawandisa kupfuura rinokurudzirwa, kunyanya kunwa doro zvakanyanya, kunowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheAFIB.
• Zvirwere zvakakomba: Njodzi yekubatwa neAFib inowedzera kana uine zvirwere zvakakomba zvekuti zvinoda kugara muchipatara (semuenzaniso, sepsis, hutachiona hwakakomba hweCOVID-19).
• Kusaita maekisesaizi emuviri:Kusaita maekisesaizi akakwana ezuva nezuva chimwe chikonzero cheAFIB.
• Kurovedza muviri zvakanyanya: Kunyange hazvo kurovedza muviri kwakanaka pamoyo, kunyanyisa pane zvese hazvina kunaka. Vanhu vanoita maekisesaizi kwemaawa anopfuura matatu pazuva, kwemakore mazhinji, vari panjodzi yakakura yekubatwa neAFib.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei chirwere cheAFIB?

Muedzo unonyanya kukosha wekuona kana uine AFib ndeye ECG kana EKG (Electrocardiogram) .

• Izvi zvinoitwa nekunyora mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo wako pagirafu. Nekutarisa girafu iyoyo, chiremba wako anogona kuona zvechokwadi kana uine AFib kana zvimwe zvirwere zvemoyo (arrhythmias).

Uye zvakare, chiremba achaita zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Vachakuongorora muviri wako uye vachakubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yezvekurapa.
• Kuongororwa ropa kunogona kurairwa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona kana paine zvimwe zvirwere kana kana paine chirwere chinogona kukanganisa hurongwa hwekurapa hweAFIB.
• Bvunzo ye echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) inorayirwa. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kunyatsoongorora chimiro uye mashandiro emwoyo.
• Unogona kupihwa monitor diki (Holter monitor kana cardiac event monitor) yaunogona kupfeka kwemazuva mashoma kana vhiki. Izvi zvinogona kuramba zvichinyora mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo wako paunenge uchiita mabasa ako ezuva nezuva uye kunyangwe wakarara.

Pane matanho akasiyana eAFIB here?

Ehe, AFib chirwere "chinofambira mberi". Kureva kuti, chinogona kupfuura nematanho akasiyana uye chinowedzera kuipa nekufamba kwenguva. Vanachiremba vanofunga nezvematanho aya pavanoongorora nekurapa AFib:

• Danho 1: Panjodzi yeAFib
• Danho rechipiri: Pre-AFib
• Danho rechitatu: AFib `(AFib)` (Izvi zvinewo zvikamu zvidiki zvakati wandei)
• Danho rechina: AFib Isingaperi

Danho 1: Panjodzi yeAFib

Izvi zvinoreva kuti une zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa neAFib. Semuenzaniso:

• Kukwira kweropa
• Kufuta
• Chirwere cheshuga
• Kuoma kwekufema nekushaya hope (sleep apnea)
• Kushandisa doro zvakanyanya
• Zvirwere zvemwoyo nemidziyo yeropa
• Anopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa

Kana uine zvinhu izvi, unogona kunge uri panjodzi yekubatwa neAFib.

Danho rechipiri: Pre-AFib

Panguva ino, unogona kuona shanduko mukushanda kwemagetsi kana chimiro chemwoyo wako. Izvi zvinowedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa neAFib. Vanachiremba vanotsvaga zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi:

• Tachycardia yeAtrial
• Kubhururuka kweAtrial
• Atrium yakakura kuruboshwe uye/kana kurudyi
• Kurova kwemoyo nguva nenguva kwe ectopic

Uyewo, vanhu vane zvirwere zvinovaisa panjodzi huru yeAFib, zvakaita se `(Coronary artery disease)`, `(Heart failure)`, `(Heart valve disease)`, `(Hyperthyroidism)`, `(Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)`, uye `(Neuromuscular disorders)`, vanogona kuwira muchikamu chechipiri ichi.

Danho rechitatu: AFib (kune zvimwe zvikamu zveizvi futi)

Kana ECG ikaratidza kuti une AFib, uri padanho iri. Asi danho iri rinogona kusiyana. Vamwe vanhu vane zviratidzo zvinouya zvichienda, vamwe vachiramba vaine AFib pasinei nekurapwa. Ndosaka vanachiremba vachikamura danho iri kuita zvikamu zvina:

• Paroxysmal AFib: Murudzi urwu rweAFib, AFib inoitika nguva nenguva uye inopera yoga mukati mevhiki, kazhinji pasina kurapwa. Zvisinei, unogona kuramba uchinetseka munguva pfupi iyi. Unewo mukana wekurohwa nestroke kupfuura vanhu vasina AFib.
• AFib Inoramba Iripo: Apa ndipo apo AFib inoramba iripo , zvichireva kuti inogara kwenguva inopfuura vhiki. Kurapwa kunodiwa kuti imiswe.
• AFib inogara kwenguva refu: Muchiitiko ichi, AFib inoramba iripo kwegore kana kupfuura.
• Mushure mekurapwa kwekubvisa tsvina: AFib yamira mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa necatheter (ablation).

Kana wangoonekwa uine AFib, unogona kufamba-famba pakati pezvikamu izvi. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe mushure mekubviswa kwemasero zvakanaka, AFib inogara iripo inogona kudzoka nekufamba kwenguva.

Danho rechina: AFib Isingaperi

Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe nachiremba wako makasarudza pamwe chete kuti hauchazorapwa kuti udzore AFib yako, uye kuti ucharamba uri muAFib zvachose. Sarudzo iyi inoitwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ega.

Ndeapi marapirwo eAFib?

AFib inogona kurapwa nechimwe kana zvimwe zvezvinotevera:

• Kuchinja kwemararamiro
• Mishonga
• Kurapa kwekubvisa ropa kubva mudumbu
• Mamwe marapirwo

Kuchinja kwemararamiro

Izvi zvinhu zvaunogona kuita zuva nezuva kudzivirira AFib kuti isanyanya kuipa. Kuchinja mararamiro aya kwakakosha kunyangwe usati watanga kuva nezviratidzo. Chiremba wako anogona kukubatsira nezvinhu izvi:

• Kukubatsira kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka .
• Kuderedza kunwa doro.
• Rega zvachose kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefodya (zvakaita sefodya).
• Kuwana huwandu hunokurudzirwa hwekurovedza muviri zuva nezuva.
• Kudzora zvakanaka zvirwere zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa neAFIB, zvakaita seBP, kufuta, obstructive sleep apnea, uye chirwere cheshuga.

Mishonga

Chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yekudzora kurova kwemoyo wako uye/kana kurova kwemoyo. Mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukuvara kwemoyo wako uye kuderedza kusagadzikana uye kuzvidya mwoyo kwaunganzwa. Chiremba wako anogonawo kukupa mishonga yekuderedza njodzi yekugwamba kweropa uye sitiroko.

Mhando dzemishonga inodiwa kudzora AFib dzinogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva. Kazhinji, kana uri panjodzi yekurohwa nestroke, uchafanira kutora mishonga inodzikisa ropa (anticoagulants) . Vanachiremba vanowanzo nyora mishonga inodzikisa ropa (DOACs - Direct Oral Anticoagulants). Mienzaniso:

• `Apixaban`
• Rivaroxaban mushonga
• `Dabigatran`
• `Edoxaban`

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mushonga unonzi ``Warfarin'' unonyorerwa panzvimbo pe ``DOACs''.

Mishonga yekurapa kurova kwemoyo wako:

• `Carvedilol`
• Digoxin
• `Diltiazem`
• 'Metoprolol'
• `Verapamil`

Mishonga inobatsira mwoyo wako kurova zvakanaka:

• 'Amiodarone'
• `Dofetilide`
• 'Dronedarone'
• `Flecainide`
• 'Propafenone'

Kurapa kweAblation (Ablation yeAFib)

Kubvisa mavanga (ablation) kweAFib izwi rinowanzo shandiswa pakurapa kunogadzira mavanga madiki munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemoyo. Kunyange zvazvo tichiwanzo funga nezvemavanga sechinhu chinokuvadza, muchiitiko ichi, mavanga aya anobatsira kuti hurongwa hwemagetsi hwemoyo hushande nemazvo. Mavanga aya anovhara masaini emagetsi asingawanzoitika mumoyo. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti rhythm yemoyo idzokere payakajairika.

Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubvisa ropa dzinogona kukurudzirwa nachiremba wemwoyo nezveAFIB:

• Kubviswa kweCatheter: Uku kurapwa kusingapindi zvakanyanya. Chiremba anoisa chubhu yakatetepa (catheter) kuburikidza neimwe yetsinga dzeropa mumoyo mako. Kubviswa kwetsinga dzemapapu (PVI ablation) ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakubvisa catheter yeAFib.
• Maitiro ekuita Maze: Izvi zvinonziwo kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa mavanga. Chiremba anogadzira "maze" pattern yemavanga mumoyo kuti avhare zviratidzo zvisina kurongeka. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa panguva imwe chete nekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kumwe (kwakadai sekuvhiyiwa kwe coronary artery bypass grafting kana kuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu).

Mamwe marapirwo

Dzimwe nzira dzekurapa AFib:

• Kuchinja kwemwoyo:Mukuita izvi, chiremba achashandisa mudziyo wemagetsi (defibrillator) kana kukupa mushonga wekudzorera kurova kwemoyo wako kune zvakajairika.
• Kuvharwa kwechikamu cheatrial chekuruboshwe (LAA): Kana usingakwanise kutsungirira mishonga inobvisa ropa, mudziyo mudiki unogona kuiswa mumoyo mako kuderedza njodzi yako yekurohwa nestroke. Izvi zvinoshanda nekuvhara chikamu cheatrial chekuruboshwe , chikamu chidiki chemoyo chakaita sebhegi chinogona kuumba maronda eropa zviri nyore.

Mwoyo unodzokera kune zvakajairika here mushure meAFib?

Ehe, dzimwe nguva moyo wako unodzokera pakuita zvakanaka wega. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika mu "Paroxysmal AFib``. Kana uine ``inoramba iripo`` kana ``yagara kwenguva refu``, uchada kurapwa kuti umise kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka.

Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti AFib haigone kurapwa. Idambudziko rehupenyu hwese. Chiremba wako anogona kukubatsira kurigadzirisa. Kurapwa kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekurohwa nestroke uye kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zvisanyanya kuipa.

Unogona kugara kwenguva yakareba sei neAFib?

Ongororo yakaburitswa muna 2024 yakawana kuti vanhu vane AFib vanogona kunge vaine nguva yekurarama ipfupi pane vasina AFib. Izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nezera rekuonekwa kwavo.

Asi yeuka, nhamba dzinongotaura divi rimwe chete renyaya yacho. Kana ukashanda nechikwata chako chekurapa kuti utarisire AFib yako nezvimwe zvirwere, une mukana wakanaka wekurarama hupenyu hurefu uye hune hutano .

Ndinozvitarisira sei?

Maitiro akafanana anoderedza njodzi yako yeAFib achakubatsira kuti ugare zvakanaka kunyangwe uine AFib.

• Kudya chikafu chinovaka muviri .
• Kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, kanenge mazuva mashanu pasvondo, kwakanakira mwoyo. Kana zvichikuomera kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, unogona zvakare kupatsanura kuita zvikamu zvemaminitsi gumi.
• Kurega fodya nedoro zvinobatsirawo zvikuru pamoyo.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Hapana purogiramu yakakwana yeizvi. Zvinoenderana nezviratidzo zvako, hurongwa hwekurapa, uye kuteverwa kana wakambovhiyiwa. Saka, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako wobva waronga hurongwa hunoshanda kwauri.

• Ona chiremba nenguva pasina kupotsa nguva yekusangana naye.
• Gara uchinyora pasi mishonga yaunotora, uye tora nayo kana uchienda kuna chiremba. Zvakanakawo kuchengeta iyi rondedzero muhomwe yako kana paine dambudziko.
• Pamusangano wega wega, udza chiremba wako nezvezviratidzo zvitsva zvaunazvo uye chero migumisiro yakaipa kubva mumishonga yako.
• Gara uchibvunza chiremba wako usati watora mishonga inotengeswa kunze kwemutero (OTC) (semuenzaniso, mishonga yedzihwa nekukosora) pamwe nekuwedzera zvekudya.Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kurova kwemoyo wako kana kuita zvinoenderana nemimwe mishonga yauri kutora.

Mibvunzo ipi yaunofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Mimwe mibvunzo yaunogona kubvunza chiremba wako:

• Ndingaderedza sei zvinhu zvinondiisa panjodzi?
• Mungandibatsira here kuti nditaure nenyanzvi yezvekudya?
• Unogona kukurudzira chero mapurogiramu ehutano nekurovedza muviri ari pedyo here?

Unogona here kutarisa AFib kumba?

Kana uchifunga kuti une zviratidzo zveAFIB, chinhu chakakosha ndechekufonera chiremba wako nekukasika wovaudza zvauri kunzwa. Vangangokuudza kuti utarise kurova kwemoyo wako. Kana zvisina kurongeka kana kuti zvisina simba, zvinogona kuva chiratidzo cheAFIB.

Asi dzimwe nguva, ungasanzwa shanduko mumoyo mako, kunyanya kana AFib yako isina kunyanya kuoma. Pane kudaro, ungangonzwa kuneta kana kushaya mweya. Ungasakwanisa kuziva kana zviratidzo zvako zvichikonzerwa neAFib kana chimwe chinhu. Ndosaka zvichikosha kutaura nachiremba wako. Haugone kuzvisarudzira wega kuti une AFib.

AFib yakajairika zvakadii?

Vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni makumi matatu nematatu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu nemashanu pasi rose vakaonekwa vaine chirwere cheAFIB. MuUnited States chete, zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri vachange vaine chirwere cheAFIB panosvika gore ra2030. AFIB inokonzera vanhu vanosvika hafu yemiriyoni vanorapwa muUnited States gore rega rega, uye huwandu hwevanhu vanofa nekuda kwechirwere ichi huri kuwedzera gore rega rega.

Kuziva kuti une AFib kunogona kutyisa, kunetsa, uye kuvhiringa. Asi hausi wega. Mamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose vari kudzidza nzira itsva dzekugadzirisa chirwere ichi uye kurarama hupenyu hunofadza. Chiremba wako anogona kukuudza zvakawanda nezvesarudzo dzekurapa, zviwanikwa, uye nharaunda dzinobatsira.

Saka, ndezvipi zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvatinofanira kurangarira kubva munyaya ino?

Zvakanaka, saka hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvekurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

- AFib chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuti moyo haushande zvakanaka, uye chinogona kuva chakakomba, kunyangwe pasina zviratidzo. Pane njodzi yematambudziko, kunyanya sitiroko.

- Ziva zviratidzo zvakaita sekuoma kwechipfuva, kuneta, dzungu, uye kuoma kufema. Kana ukasangana nechimwe cheizvi, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba.

- AFib chirwere chinorapika. Chinogona kudzorwa zvakanaka nekuchinja mararamiro, mishonga, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kurapwa kwakadai se "ablation".

- Mararamiro ane hutano (kudya kwakanaka kunovaka muviri, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose)Kuchengetedza mararamiro ane hutano (kurovedza muviri, kusvuta, uye doro) kwakakosha zvikuru pakudzora AFib uye kuchengetedza hutano hwemwoyo.

- Hausi wega uri parwendo urwu. Taura nachiremba wako kuti mugadzire hurongwa hwekurapa uye nzira yekutarisira inoshanda zvakanyanya kwauri. Usatya kubvunza mibvunzo uye kuudza vamwe manzwiro ako.

Yeuka, kuziva ndicho nhanho yekutanga yehupenyu hune hutano!

` Atrial Fibrillation, AFib, mutinhimira wemoyo, kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka, sitiroko, kurwara kwemoyo, chirwere chemwoyo, kurwadziwa kwechipfuva, kurova kwemoyo, hutano hwemoyo