Hutano hweVakadzi2026 Chikunguru 15🔄 Updated: 2026 Chg 15⏱ 5 min

Ngatidzidzei nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemazamu (Mhando dzeKenza yemazamu)

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-15T18:58:52.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Vazhinji vedu tinotya patinonzwa izwi rekuti ' Cancer yemazamu', handiti? Asi waiziva here kuti iyi haisi mhando imwe chete yechirwere, kune mhando dzakasiyana dzacho? Kuziva rudzi rwekenza yaunayo kwakakosha zvikuru pakusarudza kuti ucharapwa sei. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore uye zvine hushamwari nhasi. Kuziva zvinhu izvi kuchava simba guru kwauri.

Kurongwa kwegomarara zvichienderana nekwarinotangira

Imwe nzira iyo vanachiremba vanotsanangura nayo kenza yemazamu ndeyekuti yakatanga sei mumuviri wayo uye kuti yakapararira here.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza zhinji dzemazamu dzine rudzi rwecarcinoma. Izvi zvinoreva kuti dzinotangira munyama dziri mukati mezamu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Ruzhinji rwadzo rwunowira muchikamu chinonzi adenocarcinoma. Idzi ikenza dzinotangira mumigero inotakura mukaka kana mumaronda anogadzira mukaka (lobules) ezamu.

Ductal Carcinoma

Iyi ndiyo mhando yekenza yemazamu inonyanya kuwanikwa. Ine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru.

1. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Iri ndiro danho rekutanga rekenza yemazamu. Izwi rekuti 'In Situ' rinoreva kuti "pairi." Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero ekenza achiri mukati memigero yemukaka chete. Haana kupararira kunze. Rudzi urwu rwunoumba kenza yemazamu imwe chete pa5 ichangobva kuonekwa. Chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti rudzi urwu runogona kurapwa zvachose.

2. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): Iyi ndiyo mhando yekenza yemazamu inonyanya kuwanikwa . Inoumba 80% yekenza dzese dzemazamu dzakaonekwa. 'Invasive' zvinoreva "aggressive." Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero ekenza akapararira kunze kwenzira dzemukaka uye munyama dzakapoteredza. Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzerudzi urwu rweIDC. Kunyangwe dzakaoma zvishoma, ngatizvitarisei zviri nyore.

Rudzi rweIDC Subtype	Tsananguro iri nyore
Kansa yeMedullary	Inowana zita rayo nekuti inoita kunge nyama yakapfava muuropi. Haiwanzoitiki (inenge iri pasi pe5%).
Kansa yeMucinous	Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semasese (mucin) zvakakomberedza masero egomarara. Izvi hazviwanzoitiki (zvisingasviki 2%).
Tubular Carcinoma	Masero egomarara ane maumbirwo akaita sechubhu mukati mawo. Anowanzokura ari mapoka uye anopindura zvakanaka kana achirapwa.
Kansa yePapillary	Kune nzvimbo dzakareba sedzeminwe (papules) dzemasero ekenza. Anowanikwawo muvakadzi vakuru.
Kansa yeCribriform	Patani yakaita segomo inogona kuonekwa pakati pemasero egomarara iri risingawanzoitiki.

Kansa yeLobular

Murudzi urwu, masero asina kujairika anokura muchikamu chemasero anogadzira mukaka (lobules) chezasi rezamu.

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Iyi ndiyo mhando yechipiri inonyanya kuzivikanwa yekenza yemazamu. Rudzi urwu rwekenza runotangira muzamu ropararira kune nyama dzakaripoteredza. Runogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, dzakadai sema lymph nodes.
Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS): Usavhunduke nezita iri. Vanachiremba havafungi kuti LCIS igomarara nekuti haripararire kunze kwezamu. Zvisinei, kuva neLCIS zvinoreva kuti une mukana wakakura wekuva negomarara rezamu mune ramangwana.

Dzimwe mhando dzisingawanzoitiki dzekenza yemazamu

Izvi hazviwanzoitika, asi zvakakosha kuziva nezvazvo.

Kenza yemazamu inozvimba: Iyi ikenza isingawanzoitiki (isingasviki 5%) uye yakanyanya kuipa. Zviratidzo zvayo zvakasiyana nezvimwe. Masero ekenza anovhara tsinga dzeropa dziri muzamu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zamu rizvimbe, ritsvuke, uye ganda rikure . Dzimwe nguva ganda rezamu rinogona kuita seganda reorenji . Rudzi urwu runogona kupararira nekukurumidza.
Phyllodes Bundu: Aya mabundu asingawanzoitiki anoumbwa munyama yezamu. Rimwe chete pavana vavo rinova kenza. Mamwe mabundu ese ari mabundu asina njodzi.
Angiosarcoma: Gomarara iri rinokura mumitsetse yeropa nemidziyo yeropa. Rinonyanya kuitika kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi manomwe.
Chirwere chePaget : Ichiwo hachiwanzoitiki. Igomarara rinobuda muzamu nenzvimbo yakaripoteredza (areola). Ganda rezamu rinogona kuita maronda, kutsvuka, uye kuvaviwa . Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chePaget vanewo rudzi rwegomarara rinonzi DCIS kana IDC.
Kenza yezamu yakapararira: 'Metastatic' zvinoreva kuti kenza yakapararira kunze kwezamu ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Vanachiremba vanotiwo izvi "zvakafambira mberi" kana kuti "danho rechina." Inowanzo pararira kuchiropa, muuropi, mumapfupa, kana mumapapu.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti, zvisinei nerudzi rwegomarara, mikana yekupora yakakura zvikuru kana munhu akaonekwa nekukurumidza uye akarapwa zvakanaka.

Kupatsanurwa kwegomarara nemajini nemahormone

Mushure mekunge maonekwa kuti mune kenza yemazamu, chiremba wenyu achaita bvunzo dzakakosha pamasero ekenza kuti aone kana mahormone eestrogen kana progesterone , kana kuti pane majini chaiwo, ari kukanganisa kukura kwekenza.

Kubva mumiedzo iyi ndipo chiremba anosarudzira mushonga wakakodzera uye wakanangana newe.

HER2-positive: Inenge 1 pa5 kenza yemazamu ine puroteni inonzi `HER2` (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). Puroteni iyi inobatsira masero ekenza kukura. HER2-positive cancers inogona kuva nehasha. Asi kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa dzinonangana nepuroteni iyi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kurapa.

Hormone Receptor-positive kana kuti negative: Mamwe masero egomarara ane nzvimbo dzakakosha (receptors) pamusoro pawo idzo mahormone anogona kubatana nadzo. Funga nezvesero semusuwo, uye mareceptor aya akaita semaburi ekiyi ari mariri.
ER-positive: Masero egomarara ane mareceptor anogona kubatana nehomoni inonzi estrogen.
PR-positive: Masero egomarara ane mareceptor anogona kubatana nehomoni yeprogesterone.
Kuwanikwa kwehormone receptor zvinoreva kuti chimwe chezviviri izvi kana zvese zviri zviviri zviripo. Nekuti mahormone anobatsira mhando idzi dzekenza kukura, anogona kurapwa zvinobudirira nemishonga inovhara mahormone (hormone therapy).
Hormone-receptor-negative zvinoreva kuti mareceptor ese ari maviri haapo.

Triple-negative: Rudzi urwu rwunotora vanhu vanosvika 15% yezvirwere. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, masero egomarara aya ane estrogen receptors (ETRs)., ma progesterone receptors (PR) neHER2 ese haapo. Saka, haagone kurapwa ne hormone therapy kana HER2-target therapy. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kurapwa kuve kwakaoma, asi kune mamwe marapirwo aripo, akadai se chemotherapy.

Kana wangoziva rudzi rwegomarara raunaro, taura nachiremba wako pachena kuti rinokanganisa sei mikana yako yekupora uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekurapa. Usatya kubvunza mibvunzo yese.

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

Gomarara repazamu harisi chirwere chimwe chete, kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana.

Rudzi rwegomarara raunaro runoenderana nekuti rakatangira papi muzamu (mumigero yemukaka/matumbu), kana rakapararira, uye kana rakakanganiswa nemamwe mahormone (ER, PR) kana mapuroteni (HER2).

Mamwe marudzi, akadai seDCIS, ane mwero wepamusoro wekurapa, nepo marudzi akadai seInflammatory Breast Cancer anogona kuva nehasha.

Kuziva mamiriro ehomoni uye majini ekenza yako kwakakosha kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanyatsonaka uye kwakanangana negomarara rako.

Usambozeza kukurukura mibvunzo yaunayo nezvechirwere chako, rudzi rwekenza, uye hurongwa hwekurapwa nachiremba wako. Kuziviswa zvinoreva hafu yehondo yawakakunda.

Mhando dzekenza yemazamu sinhala, DCIS, IDC, lobular carcinoma, kenza yemazamu inoputika, hormone receptor positive, kenza yemazamu ine katatu negative

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Wedzera zvaunofunga

Hutano hweVakadzi2026 Chikunguru 15
Ngatidzidzei nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemazamu (Mhando dzeKenza yemazamu)
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 5 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Kurongwa kwegomarara zvichienderana nekwarinotangira
2. Ductal Carcinoma
3. Kansa yeLobular
4. Dzimwe mhando dzisingawanzoitiki dzekenza yemazamu
5. Kupatsanurwa kwegomarara nemajini nemahormone
6. Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
Vazhinji vedu tinotya patinonzwa izwi rekuti ' Cancer yemazamu', handiti? Asi waiziva here kuti iyi haisi mhando imwe chete yechirwere, kune mhando dzakasiyana dzacho? Kuziva rudzi rwekenza yaunayo kwakakosha zvikuru pakusarudza kuti ucharapwa sei. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore uye zvine hushamwari nhasi. Kuziva zvinhu izvi kuchava simba guru kwauri.
Kurongwa kwegomarara zvichienderana nekwarinotangira
Imwe nzira iyo vanachiremba vanotsanangura nayo kenza yemazamu ndeyekuti yakatanga sei mumuviri wayo uye kuti yakapararira here.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza zhinji dzemazamu dzine rudzi rwecarcinoma. Izvi zvinoreva kuti dzinotangira munyama dziri mukati mezamu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Ruzhinji rwadzo rwunowira muchikamu chinonzi adenocarcinoma. Idzi ikenza dzinotangira mumigero inotakura mukaka kana mumaronda anogadzira mukaka (lobules) ezamu.
Ductal Carcinoma
Iyi ndiyo mhando yekenza yemazamu inonyanya kuwanikwa. Ine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru.
1. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Iri ndiro danho rekutanga rekenza yemazamu. Izwi rekuti 'In Situ' rinoreva kuti "pairi." Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero ekenza achiri mukati memigero yemukaka chete. Haana kupararira kunze. Rudzi urwu rwunoumba kenza yemazamu imwe chete pa5 ichangobva kuonekwa. Chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti rudzi urwu runogona kurapwa zvachose.
2. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): Iyi ndiyo mhando yekenza yemazamu inonyanya kuwanikwa . Inoumba 80% yekenza dzese dzemazamu dzakaonekwa. 'Invasive' zvinoreva "aggressive." Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero ekenza akapararira kunze kwenzira dzemukaka uye munyama dzakapoteredza. Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzerudzi urwu rweIDC. Kunyangwe dzakaoma zvishoma, ngatizvitarisei zviri nyore.
Rudzi rweIDC Subtype Tsananguro iri nyore
Kansa yeMedullary Inowana zita rayo nekuti inoita kunge nyama yakapfava muuropi. Haiwanzoitiki (inenge iri pasi pe5%).
Kansa yeMucinous Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semasese (mucin) zvakakomberedza masero egomarara. Izvi hazviwanzoitiki (zvisingasviki 2%).
Tubular Carcinoma Masero egomarara ane maumbirwo akaita sechubhu mukati mawo. Anowanzokura ari mapoka uye anopindura zvakanaka kana achirapwa.
Kansa yePapillary Kune nzvimbo dzakareba sedzeminwe (papules) dzemasero ekenza. Anowanikwawo muvakadzi vakuru.
Kansa yeCribriform Patani yakaita segomo inogona kuonekwa pakati pemasero egomarara iri risingawanzoitiki.
Kansa yeLobular
Murudzi urwu, masero asina kujairika anokura muchikamu chemasero anogadzira mukaka (lobules) chezasi rezamu.
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Iyi ndiyo mhando yechipiri inonyanya kuzivikanwa yekenza yemazamu. Rudzi urwu rwekenza runotangira muzamu ropararira kune nyama dzakaripoteredza. Runogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, dzakadai sema lymph nodes.
Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS): Usavhunduke nezita iri. Vanachiremba havafungi kuti LCIS igomarara nekuti haripararire kunze kwezamu. Zvisinei, kuva neLCIS zvinoreva kuti une mukana wakakura wekuva negomarara rezamu mune ramangwana.
Dzimwe mhando dzisingawanzoitiki dzekenza yemazamu
Izvi hazviwanzoitika, asi zvakakosha kuziva nezvazvo.
Kenza yemazamu inozvimba: Iyi ikenza isingawanzoitiki (isingasviki 5%) uye yakanyanya kuipa. Zviratidzo zvayo zvakasiyana nezvimwe. Masero ekenza anovhara tsinga dzeropa dziri muzamu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zamu rizvimbe, ritsvuke, uye ganda rikure . Dzimwe nguva ganda rezamu rinogona kuita seganda reorenji . Rudzi urwu runogona kupararira nekukurumidza.
Phyllodes Bundu: Aya mabundu asingawanzoitiki anoumbwa munyama yezamu. Rimwe chete pavana vavo rinova kenza. Mamwe mabundu ese ari mabundu asina njodzi.
Angiosarcoma: Gomarara iri rinokura mumitsetse yeropa nemidziyo yeropa. Rinonyanya kuitika kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi manomwe.
Chirwere chePaget : Ichiwo hachiwanzoitiki. Igomarara rinobuda muzamu nenzvimbo yakaripoteredza (areola). Ganda rezamu rinogona kuita maronda, kutsvuka, uye kuvaviwa . Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chePaget vanewo rudzi rwegomarara rinonzi DCIS kana IDC.
Kenza yezamu yakapararira: 'Metastatic' zvinoreva kuti kenza yakapararira kunze kwezamu ichienda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Vanachiremba vanotiwo izvi "zvakafambira mberi" kana kuti "danho rechina." Inowanzo pararira kuchiropa, muuropi, mumapfupa, kana mumapapu.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti, zvisinei nerudzi rwegomarara, mikana yekupora yakakura zvikuru kana munhu akaonekwa nekukurumidza uye akarapwa zvakanaka.
Kupatsanurwa kwegomarara nemajini nemahormone
Mushure mekunge maonekwa kuti mune kenza yemazamu, chiremba wenyu achaita bvunzo dzakakosha pamasero ekenza kuti aone kana mahormone eestrogen kana progesterone , kana kuti pane majini chaiwo, ari kukanganisa kukura kwekenza.
Kubva mumiedzo iyi ndipo chiremba anosarudzira mushonga wakakodzera uye wakanangana newe.
HER2-positive: Inenge 1 pa5 kenza yemazamu ine puroteni inonzi `HER2` (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). Puroteni iyi inobatsira masero ekenza kukura. HER2-positive cancers inogona kuva nehasha. Asi kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa dzinonangana nepuroteni iyi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kurapa.
Hormone Receptor-positive kana kuti negative: Mamwe masero egomarara ane nzvimbo dzakakosha (receptors) pamusoro pawo idzo mahormone anogona kubatana nadzo. Funga nezvesero semusuwo, uye mareceptor aya akaita semaburi ekiyi ari mariri.
ER-positive: Masero egomarara ane mareceptor anogona kubatana nehomoni inonzi estrogen.
PR-positive: Masero egomarara ane mareceptor anogona kubatana nehomoni yeprogesterone.
Kuwanikwa kwehormone receptor zvinoreva kuti chimwe chezviviri izvi kana zvese zviri zviviri zviripo. Nekuti mahormone anobatsira mhando idzi dzekenza kukura, anogona kurapwa zvinobudirira nemishonga inovhara mahormone (hormone therapy).
Hormone-receptor-negative zvinoreva kuti mareceptor ese ari maviri haapo.
Triple-negative: Rudzi urwu rwunotora vanhu vanosvika 15% yezvirwere. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, masero egomarara aya ane estrogen receptors (ETRs)., ma progesterone receptors (PR) neHER2 ese haapo. Saka, haagone kurapwa ne hormone therapy kana HER2-target therapy. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kurapwa kuve kwakaoma, asi kune mamwe marapirwo aripo, akadai se chemotherapy.
Kana wangoziva rudzi rwegomarara raunaro, taura nachiremba wako pachena kuti rinokanganisa sei mikana yako yekupora uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekurapa. Usatya kubvunza mibvunzo yese.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
Gomarara repazamu harisi chirwere chimwe chete, kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
Rudzi rwegomarara raunaro runoenderana nekuti rakatangira papi muzamu (mumigero yemukaka/matumbu), kana rakapararira, uye kana rakakanganiswa nemamwe mahormone (ER, PR) kana mapuroteni (HER2).
Mamwe marudzi, akadai seDCIS, ane mwero wepamusoro wekurapa, nepo marudzi akadai seInflammatory Breast Cancer anogona kuva nehasha.
Kuziva mamiriro ehomoni uye majini ekenza yako kwakakosha kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanyatsonaka uye kwakanangana negomarara rako.
Usambozeza kukurukura mibvunzo yaunayo nezvechirwere chako, rudzi rwekenza, uye hurongwa hwekurapwa nachiremba wako. Kuziviswa zvinoreva hafu yehondo yawakakunda.
Mhando dzekenza yemazamu sinhala, DCIS, IDC, lobular carcinoma, kenza yemazamu inoputika, hormone receptor positive, kenza yemazamu ine katatu negative
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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