Nhengo inoshamisa uye yakaoma kunzwisisa mumuviri wedu ihuropi. Yakafanana nekombuta huru. Zvese zvatinofunga, zvatinonzwa, zvatinoyeuka, uye zvatinodzidza zvinodzorwa nenhengo diki iyi. Saka nhasi tichataura nezvechikamu chakakosha chekombuta huru iyi, "bark" riri kunze kweuropi. Mukurapa, tinodana izvi kuti cerebral cortex , kana kuti `(Cerebral Cortex)`.
Chii chinonzi Cerebral Cortex?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, cerebral cortex ndiyo denderedzwa rekunze, rakatetepa rakakomberedza chikamu chikuru cheuropi hwedu chinonzi cerebrum. Kana wakamboona mufananidzo weuropi, hunoita sehwakakombama uye hwakapetwa, handiti? Kutaridzika kwacho kwakaomarara kunokonzerwa neiyi cerebral cortex.
Fungidzira, kana uchida kurongedza bepa guru mubhokisi diki, unofanira kuripeta woripwanya, handiti? Nenzira imwecheteyo, pfungwa dzedu dzakagadzirwa nemakwinya nenzira iyi kuti dzigone masero akawanda sezvinobvira. Makwinya aya anowedzera zvakanyanya nzvimbo yepamusoro pe cerebral cortex. Anenge 2,500 square centimeters kuti zvive chaizvo! Izvi zvinobvumira pfungwa dzedu kugadzirisa ruzivo rwakawanda uye kufunga zvinhu zvakaoma.
Kunyangwe denderedzwa iri riri mamirimita mashoma chete, rinoumba inenge 50% yehuremu hwese hwehuropi hwedu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti rine masero etsinga ari pakati pe14 ne16 bhiriyoni.
Migero yakadzika inoumbwa nekuda kwehunhu uhwu hwekukwenya inonzi ``sulci``` uye mipendero yakasimudzwa inonzi ``gyri``. Aya ndiwo maumbirwo anogara mamiriyoni emasero etsinga akakosha pakushanda kwehuropi hwedu.
Sei izvi zvichinzi 'Gray Matter'?
Pamwe wakambonzwa izwi rekuti 'grey matter'. Ndizvo zvinoreva chikamu ichi che cerebral cortex. Masero etsinga ari muchikamu ichi haana mafuta akafukidzwa anonzi `(myelin)`. Ndosaka iri grey. Mitsinga iri mu 'white matter' iri mukati meuropi yakafukidzwa ne `(myelin)`, saka ichena.
Zvikamu zvikuru zve cerebral cortex nemabasa azvo
Brain cortex yedu yakakamurwa kuita ma hemispheres maviri akaenzana. Ndiyo hemisphere yekuruboshwe nehemisphere yerudyi . Ma hemispheres maviri aya akabatana nebhiriji rakagadzirwa nenhamba yakawanda yetsinga dzinonzi ``corpus callosum``. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti ruzivo rwuchinjwe pakati pema hemispheres maviri aya.
Pamusoro pezvo, imwe neimwe yezvikamu izvi yakakamurwa kuita matunhu mana makuru, kana kuti ma lobes. Imwe neimwe yezvikamu izvi ine mabasa chaiwo. Ngatitarisei kuti ndezvipi.
| Lobe | Mabasa makuru | Zviratidzo zvekukuvara |
|---|---|---|
| Lobe Yepamberi Chikamu chepamberi cheuropi, seri kwehuma |
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| Lobe yeParietal Pamusoro pemusoro, pakati pemapfupa epamberi nemapfupa eparietal |
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| Lobe Yenguva Pfupi Pamusoro pemakanda earlobes, kumativi ese europi |
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| Lobe yeOccipital Kumashure kwemusoro, pamusoro pemutsipa |
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Chii chinoitika kana cerebral cortex ikakuvara?
Pane zvikonzero zvikuru zvakawanda zvinoita kuti chikamu ichi chinokosha cheuropi chikwanise kukuvara. Semuenzaniso:
- Matumbu europi
- Kurohwa
- Kubuda ropa muuropi
- Zvirwere zve autoimmune
- Kukuvara kwakakomba mumusoro
Sezvinoratidzwa netafura iri pamusoro apa, zviratidzo zvinosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nechikamu cheuropi chakakuvara. Semuenzaniso, hunhu hwemunhu hunogona kuchinja kana chikamu chepamberi chakakuvara. Saizvozvowo, kuona kwemunhu kunogona kurasika kana chikamu cheoccipital chakakuvara.
Zvakakosha: Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, usafunge nezvechimwe chinhu uye enda kuna chiremba ane hunyanzvi nekukasika. Matambudziko ehuropi anonyanya kurwadza, saka kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukurumidza kwakakosha.
Uropi ndihwo hunotonga muviri wedu. Ndihwo hunotiita "isu." Saka, kuziva chokwadi ichi nezve cerebral cortex, chikamu chakakosha che supercomputer iyoyo, kuchatibatsira zvikuru pakuziva hutano hwedu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Iyo cerebral cortex ndiyo chikamu chekunze, chakakombama, chinofunga muuropi hwedu. Inonziwo "grey matter."
- Makwinya ayo uye makomba ayo zvinoita kuti ive nemasero etsinga akawanda munzvimbo shoma.
- Yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru zvina (frontal, parietal, temporal, uye occipital), chimwe nechimwe chine mabasa akakosha (akadai sekutaura, kuona, kurangarira, uye kuita sarudzo).
- Zviratidzo zvekukuvadzwa kweuropi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti kukuvara kwacho kwaitika kupi.
- Kana uine zviratidzo zvine chekuita neuropi, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti usazviongorore wega uye kuti uone chiremba wako nekukurumidza.
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