Wakamboona here kuti vamwe vana vadiki havatauri zvakanaka sevamwe vana vezera ravo, uye mashoko avo anokanganiswa? Kana kuti, mushure metsaona kana sitiroko , vamwe vakuru vanongoerekana vaomerwa nekubatanidza mazwi pamwe chete uye kutaura pfungwa? Nhasi tichataura nezvebasa rinokosha uye rine hunhu rinobatsira vanhu vemazera ese vane matambudziko akadaro ekutaurirana. Ndiro basa reSpeech Pathologist .
Ndiani uyu chiremba wekutaura?
Muchidimbu, nyanzvi yekurapa kutaura, kana sezvatinombovadaidza dzimwe nguva, Nyanzvi yeKutaura neKutaura, inyanzvi yakadzidziswa kuongorora nekurapa matambudziko evanhu pakutaura, kunzwisisa mutauro, uye kutaurirana nevamwe. Izvi hazvisi zvekungotaura 'slang' chete. Inyaya yakakura kupfuura iyoyo.
Funga nezvazvo, patinotaura, uropi hwedu, muromo, rurimi, miromo, nemapapu zvese zvinofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete. Kana paine dambudziko diki chero kupi zvako mukuita uku, rinogona kukanganisa kutaura kwedu. Varapi vekutaura inyanzvi mukuita uku kwese. Uye, musashamisika, tsandanyama dzinobatanidzwa mukutaura dzinoshandiswawo patinomedza. Nokudaro, vanobatsirawo vanhu vane matambudziko ekumedza .
Ngatitarisei dzimwe dzenzvimbo dzavanonyanya kutarisa.
| Nzvimbo | Tsananguro Iri Nyore |
|---|---|
| Manzwi eKutaura | Mashandisirwo atinoita manzwi kuti tigadzire mazwi. Vamwe vana vanonetseka nekududza mabhii akadai sekuti 'ஸ', 'ர', 'ல', handiti? Matambudziko aya anogona kukonzerwa nematambudziko ekutaura/kusagadzikana kwemanzwi, matambudziko nemasaini anogamuchirwa neuropi pakutaura (Apraxia yekutaura), kana kushaya simba kwetsandanyama dzemuromo (Dysarthria). |
| Mutauro | Kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe uye kutaura zvaunofunga. Dambudziko rekuwana mashoko mushure mekurohwa nestroke rinonzi (Aphasia). |
| Kuverenga nekunyora | Kuverenga nekunyora zvimwewo zviri mumutauro. Vana vane matambudziko ekutaura vanowanzoomerwa nekuverenga nekunyora. |
| Inzwi | Hunhu hweinzwi rako. Vamwe vanhu vane inzwi rakashoshoma, vanorasikirwa nenzwi ravo nekukurumidza, vanotaura zvakanyanya, kana kuti vane ruzha rwemhino. Kune mishonga yeizvi zvakare. |
| Kutaura zvakanaka | Mafambiro anoita nyaya yacho. Kukakama , sezvatinoziva tese, inyaya yakajairika inosanganisirwa neizvi. |
| Kutaurirana Kwepfungwa | Matambudziko ekutaura anogonawo kukonzerwa nekukanganisika kwemaitiro europi ekushandisa mutauro, zvakaita sekurangarira, kutarisisa, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. |
| Kudyisa uye Kumedza | Tsandanyama dzakafanana dziri mumuromo nepahuro dzinoshandiswa pakutaura dzinobatsirawo pakumedza, saka vanachiremba vekutaura vanobatsirawo vanhu vane matambudziko ekumedza (dysphagia). |
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti nyanzvi yekurapa kutaura ikwanise kuongorora matambudziko ese aya nemazvo uye kugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakakodzera kwavari.
Chii chaizvo chinoitwa nenyanzvi yekurapa kutaura?
Ungafunga kuti vanhu ava vanongodzidzisa vana 'kutaura tsamba dzavo'. Ichocho chikamu chimwe chete. Basa ravo rakaoma kupfuura izvozvo. Kutanga, vanoita ongororo yakazara yemurwere., chikonzero chaicho chedambudziko chinozoonekwa. Ndipo chete panobva pagadzirwa hurongwa hwekurapa hwakanangana nemunhu iyeye.
Heano mamwe emabasa avanopa:
| Basa | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kubatsira kuburitsa manzwi | Vanodzidzira kugadzira manzwi chaiwo nekushandisa rurimi nemiromo yavo. |
| Kubatsira kutaura zvakajeka | Vanodzidzisa zvinhu zvakaita senzira dzekufema kuti vadzore kukakama uye nzira dzekudzora kumhanya kwekutaura. |
| Kusimbisa tsandanyama dzemuromo | Maekisesaizi chaiwo anopiwa kusimbisa tsandanyama dzinodiwa pakutaura nekumedza. |
| Kubatsira kudzidza nekushandisa mazwi | Vanodzidziswa kudzidza mazwi matsva, kuumba mitsara, uye kuratidza pfungwa. |
| Nzira Dzekutaurirana Dzimwe (AAC) | Avo vasingagoni kutaura vanodzidziswa kutaura vachishandisa mifananidzo, mutauro wemasaini, kana makombiyuta chaiwo (Augmentative and Alternative Communication systems). |
| Kupa mazano kumhuri | Mhuri nevanotarisira varwere vanodzidziswa nzira yekutaura nemurwere kumba uye nzira yekuvapa chikafu. |
Rudzii rwekudzidziswa runodiwa pabasa iri?
Kuva nyanzvi yekutaura hakusi nyore. Zvinoda makore ekuzvipira uye dzidzo yepamusoro. Kune mapurogiramu edhigirii reyunivhesiti anozivikanwa eizvi muSri Lanka zvakare. Matanho erwendo urwu anowanzo kuve anotevera.
1. Wana dhigirii mundima yakakodzera
Kazhinji, mayunivhesiti ehurumende akadai seYunivhesiti yeKelaniya ane dhigirii reB.Sc. (Hons) muSpeech and Language Therapy (SLT) rakanangana nechinangwa ichi. Iri ikoreji yemakore mana. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzidza zvidzidzo zvakaita sePsychology kunogonawo kuva hwaro.
2. Kutsvaga dhigirii repashure pekudzidza (kana zvichidikanwa)
Vamwe vanhu vanotevera dhigirii reMasters mushure medhigirii ravo re undergraduate kuti vawane ruzivo rwakadzama. Izvi zvinovabvumira kudzidza zvakadzama nezvebasa rakati, semuenzaniso, matambudziko ekutaura kwevana kana matambudziko ekutaura ane chekuita nezvirwere zvetsinga .
3. Kudzidzira Kwekiriniki Kunodiwa
Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Panguva yekupedza kudzidza uye mushure mekupedza kudzidza, unofanirwa kudzidziswa muchipatara kana kiriniki pasi pemurapi ane ruzivo uye ane hunyanzvi. Apa ndipo paunogona kudzidza zvinhu zviri mubhuku nekushanda nevarwere uye kuonana navo.
4. Kunyoresa kwehunyanzvi
Kuti ushande senyanzvi yekurapa kutaura muSri Lanka, unowanzo fanirwa kunyoresa neSri Lanka Medical Council (SLMC) kana kanzuru yakakodzera yakagadzirirwa mabasa ekurapa anoenderana. Izvi ndizvo zvinosimbisa hunyanzvi hwako.
Mikana yebasa semurapi wekutaura iri kupi?
Kana vapedza kudzidza, kune nzvimbo dzakawanda uko nyanzvi yekurapa kutaura inogona kushanda. Iyi inyaya iri kukura zvakare muSri Lanka.
- Zvipatara zvehurumende nezvepachivande: Varapi vekutaura vanonyanya kushanda muzvikamu zvekurapa varwere muzvipatara.
- Zvikoro: Mabasa avo akakosha, kunyanya muzvikoro nemayunivhesiti edzidzo yakakosha uko kune vana vane zvinodiwa zvedzidzo zvakakosha.
- Nzvimbo dzeKuporesa Varwere: Nzvimbo dzakagadzirirwa vanhu vakaremara nevaya vari kudzoka mutsaona.
- Kudzidzira Pachivande: Unogona kumhanyisa kiriniki yako wega kana kushanyira misha uye kupa kurapwa.
- Mayunivhesiti nemasangano ekutsvagisa: Kune mikana yekushanda sevadzidzisi vekudzidzisa vanachiremba vekutaura mune ramangwana uye sevaongorori vanoongorora zvinhu zvitsva mundima iyi.
Yeuka, kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine dambudziko rekutaura, kunzwisisa mutauro, kana kumedza chikafu, tanga waona chiremba .Tsvaga mazano. Kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba achakutumira kuna chiremba wekutaura ane hunyanzvi.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Nyanzvi yezvekutaura inyanzvi ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro inobatsira vanhu vane matambudziko ekutaura, mutauro, kutaurirana, uye kumedza.
- Mabasa avo anogona kudiwa nemunhu wese wezera ripi zvaro, kubva kuvana vadiki kusvika kune vakwegura.
- Kupinda mubasa iri kunoda dhigirii reyunivhesiti rinozivikanwa uye kudzidziswa kwekiriniki kunosungirwa.
- Kana muchifunga kuti imi kana mwana wenyu ane dambudziko rekutaura kana mutauro, musanonoka uye bvunzai chiremba wemhuri yenyu. Iye achakutumirai kuna chiremba akakodzera.
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