Mwana wenyu ari kunetseka here kufema? Ngatikurukurei nezve Reactive Airway Disease (RAD)!

Pane mumwe munhu mumba mako, pamwe mwana wako mudiki, kana iwe pachako, anongoerekana akosora nguva dzose zvinoita kuti zviome kufema, anonzwa sekunge chipfuva chako chiri kuvharika, uye kazhinji ndicho chinokonzera kufemereka? Dzimwe nguva chiremba angati, "Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri `Reactive Airway Disease` kana `RAD`" pavanoona zviratidzo izvi. Saka ungave uchifunga kuti, "Oh, chirwere ichi chitsva chii?" Usazvidya moyo, nhasi tichataura nezve `RAD` chii, kuti chinokura sei, zviratidzo zvacho chii, uye marapirwo acho chii, nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Reactive Airway Disease (RAD)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `Reactive Airway Disease (RAD)` hachisi chirwere chakasimbiswa sechirwere, uye hachina kupihwa zita chairo. Izita rechinguvana. Vanachiremba vanoshandisa izwi iri kana iwe kana mwana wako muine matambudziko ekufema akafanana neasthma, asi chikonzero chaicho hachiwanikwe.

Funga nezvazvo, mapapu edu ane zvidimbu zvidiki zvakaita sechubhu zvinopinza nekuburitsa mweya (tinoti machubhu ebronchial), uye kana machubhu iwayo achizvimba uye akatetepa, zvinova zvakaoma kufema. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika muRAD.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti `Reactive Airway Disease (RAD)` uye `Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS)` zvirwere zviviri zvakasiyana. Kunyange zvazvo mazita acho akafanana zvishoma, zvirwere izvi zviviri hazvifanirwe kuvhiringidzwa. `RADS` chirwere chinowanzoitika mushure mekusangana negasi rine chepfu kamwe kamwe.

Saka, kana chiremba akati `RAD`, zvinoreva kuti, "Hongu, pane chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka mutsinga yako yekufema, uye tinofanira kuita bvunzo dzakawanda kuti tizive kuti chii chaizvo." Dzimwe nguva unonzwa vanachiremba vachishandisa mazwi ekuti `RAD` ne `Asthma` vachichinjana, asi hazvirevi chinhu chimwe chete. `RAD` izita rechinguvana rinoshandiswa kusvika pawanikwa chirwere chepfungwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveRAD? Unonzwa sei?

Munhu ane RAD anogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Kukosora kusingaperi: Kukosora uku kunogonawo kuperekedzwa nemapundu.
• Kushaya mweya kana kuoma kufema (dyspnea): Kunzwa sekuti haugone kufema uye unofanira kushanda nesimba kuti ufeme.
• Kufema: Ruzha rwekuti "whooshing" kana kuti "whooshing" runobva muchipfuva kana uchifema.
• Kubata chipfuva: Kunzwa kuremerwa, sekunge mumwe munhu ari kukudzvanya pachipfuva chako.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuita kuti usanzwa zvakanaka. Zviratidzo zvikuru kusimba kwechipfuva uye kuoma kufema.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera RAD?

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti dambudziko iri rekufema, iro vanachiremba vanodana kuti `RAD` kwenguva pfupi, riitike. Zvimwe zvacho ndeizvi:

• Kurwara:Kuva neallergies kune zvinhu zvakaita seguruva, mukume, zvimwe zvekudya, uye mvere dzemhuka. Ingofungai, vamwe vana vanonzwa kukwenya kamwe kamwe pavanonhuwa guruva kana kuti pavanoswedera pedyo nekatsi, handiti? Ndizvo zvazviri.
• Utachiona hwemabhakitiriya kana hwemavhairasi: Utachiona hwakadai sefuruu, dzihwa, uye pneumonia hunogona kukonzera kuti nzira dzekufema dzizvimbe.
• Utsi hwemakemikari, zvinonhuhwirira, kana utsi: Zvinhu zvakaita semafuta anonhuhwirira akasimba, utsi hwezvipembenene, uye utsi hunobva muzvinwiwa zvekuchenesa.
• Utsi: Chero rudzi rweutsi, hwakaita seutsi hwefodya, utsi hwehuni, uye utsi hwemotokari.
• Kurovedza muviri: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kushaya mweya panguva yekurovedza muviri.
• Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze: Kungoerekana wasangana nemhepo inotonhora, kupisa kwakanyanya, kuva munzvimbo ine hunyoro, kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kamwe kamwe.

Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera zviratidzo zveRAD.

RAD inogara kwenguva yakareba sei? Ichapora zvachose here?

Izvi zvakaoma kutaura zvechokwadi. Chikonzero ndechekuti 'RAD' izita rechinguvana, uye nguva yekupora inoenderana nechirwere chiripo. Kana chiremba angowana chikonzero chaicho chezviratidzo zvako uye akupa mushonga wakakodzera, vachakuudza kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti unzwe zviri nani.

Ndiani anonyanya kukanganiswa nechirwere ichi cheRAD?

Kutaura zvazviri, chiremba anogona kufonera chero munhu ane dambudziko rekufema, asi chikonzero chacho hachisati chajeka. Zvisinei, izwi iri rinowanzo shandiswa kune vacheche nevana vadiki vari vadiki zvakanyanya kuti vaongororwe mashandiro emapapu. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mwana anoda kunzwisisa kwakati uye rutsigiro kuti aite bvunzo idzi. Nekuti zvakaoma kuti vacheche vadiki vaite izvi, vanachiremba vanombozviti 'RAD' zvichienderana nezviratidzo.

RAD inoonekwa sei?

Kana iwe kana mwana wako muchinetseka kufema, kana kuti muchikosora nguva dzose, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba. Chiremba achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yako yehutano, zvakaita sekuti pane mumwe munhu mumhuri mako ane nhoroondo yeasthma.

Zvadaro, chiremba achakuongorora. Zvikurukuru, achateerera mapapu ako achishandisa stethoscope (auscultation). Izvi zvichaita kuti chiremba anzwisise kuti manzwi api anonzwika mumapapu uye kana paine chipingamupinyi kana mweya wapfuura. Mushure mekuongororwa kwekutanga uku, chiremba anokurudzira mimwe miedzo yakati wandei kuti asimbise chirwere chacho.

Ndeipi miedzo yeizvi?

Kuti awane chikonzero chaicho chekupererwa nemhepo, chiremba anogona kuita bvunzo dzakasiyana siyana, dzakadai se:

• Spirometry: Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakuongorora mashandiro emapapu. Inoyera kuti mweya wakawanda sei waunogona kufema nekubuda nekukurumidza. Inogona kubatsira kuona kana paine kuvharika kwenzira dzekufema.
• Miedzo yemifananidzo:Iyi miedzo isingarwadzi. Inobatsira kutarisa mukati memapapu ako, mwoyo, nemapfupa.
• X-ray yechipfuva: Kutarisa hutachiona hwemapapu nezvimwe zvinetso.
• Echocardiogram (echo): Inotarisa mashandiro emwoyo. Kushaya mweya zvakakwana kunogonawo kukonzerwa nechirwere chemwoyo.
• Kuongororwa kweCT (CT scan - Computed Tomography scan): Wana mifananidzo yakajeka uye yakadzama yemapapu nechipfuva.
• Kuongororwa kweropa: Ropa diki rinotorwa kubva mutsono diki roongororwa kuti zvionekwe kana paine hutachiona, allergies, kana zviratidzo zvekuzvimba mumuviri.
• Kuongororwa kweganda: Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kuti uone kana une allergy kune chimwe chinhu. Zvishomanana zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera allergy zvinoiswa panzvimbo diki yeganda uye ganda rinoongororwa kuti rione kana paine reaction.
• ECG (ECG kana EKG - Electrocardiogram): Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo wako. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kubvisa chirwere chemwoyo sechikonzero chekupererwa kwemweya.
• Kuyera pulse oximetry: Ichi chinhu chidiki chakaita seclip chaunoisa pamunwe wako. Chinoyera huwandu hweoxygen muropa rako.
• Kuedzwa kwekurovedza muviri: Izvi zvinotarisa kana huwandu hweokisijeni muropa rako huchiderera paunoekisesaiza.

Miedzo yese iyi inoitwa kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti pane chikonzero chaicho chezviratidzo zvako.

RAD inorapwa sei?

Nekuti `RAD` ibhuku renguva pfupi, inorapwa zvichienderana nechirwere chayo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chiremba wako achatanga aona kana matambudziko ako ekufema anokonzerwa neasthma, hutachiona, kana chimwe chirwere.

Zvisinei, kana paine emergency, zvichireva kuti kana kufema kukava kwakaoma zvikuru, vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa nzira dzekurapa dzakadai sedzinotevera:

• Mishonga yeBronchodilator: Iyi ndiyo yatinodaidza kuti inhalers. Mishonga iyi inoshanda nekuwedzera nzira dzekufema dzakamanikana, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema. Inowanzoshandiswa pakurapa zvirwere zvakaita seasthma neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
• Kurapa neokisijeni: Izvi zvinobatsira kupa muviri huwandu hunodiwa hweokisijeni kana kufema kwakaoma.
• Jekiseni reEpinephrine: Rinopihwa kana paine chirwere chakakomba chinonzi allergy (anaphylaxis) kana kuti chirwere cheasthma chakakomba.
• Corticosteroids: Mishonga iyi inoderedza kuzvimba mumapapu. Inoshandiswa kurapa asthma, COPD, uye allergies dzakakomba.

Ko Albuterol inobatsira here neRAD?

Albuterol imhando yebronchodilator. Imushonga unotambanudza nzira dzekufema. Unoshandiswa kurapa asima, COPD, uye bronchospasm inokonzerwa nekurovedza muviri. Zvisinei, kana chikonzero cheRAD chiri chimwe chinhu, ichi chega hachizochiporese. Zvakakosha kuwana chikonzero chaicho uye kuchirapa.

Ko RAD inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Unogona kuita zvinhu izvi kuderedza njodzi yako yekuve nezviratidzo zveRAD:

• Dzivisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza muviri zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinokuvadza. Semuenzaniso, kana uine allergy neguruva, gara munzvimbo dzisina guruva rakawanda uye chengeta imba yako yakachena.
• Shandisa mishonga inodzivirira kuzvimba kwemhepo (kana yakanyorerwa nachiremba) nemazvo.
• Kana uchisvuta, rega zvachose uye usapedze nguva uri munzvimbo dzinosvuta vamwe.
• Kana uchishanda nemakemikari, pfeka mask kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinodzivirira kufema.

Kana uine RAD, chii chaunofanira kutarisira? Chii chichaitika mune ramangwana?

Kana chiremba akakuudza kuti une `RAD`, zvinoreva kuti uri kunetseka kufema, asi chikonzero chaicho hachisati chazivikanwa . Usazvidya mwoyo. Chiremba achakuongorora, oita bvunzo dzinodiwa, uye oedza kuwana chikonzero. Ndipo chete panotanga kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Dzimwe nguva, chiremba wemhuri yako anogona kukutumira kuna chiremba wemapapu (pulmonologist) .

Kupora kwako uye kurapwa kwechirwere kunoenderana nekuongororwa kwakarurama. Mamwe matambudziko anogona kurapwa zvachose. Mamwe (senge COPD) anogona kuva enguva refu uye anofambira mberi.

Unofanira kuona chiremba riini? Unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Department (ETU) riini?

Kana uine zviratidzo zveRAD (kukosora, kufemereka, kuoma kwechipfuva), kana zviratidzo zvako zvikasavandudzika pasinei nekurapwa, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba.

Zvisinei, kana zvakadaro, enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) iri pedyo, kana kufonera 1990:

• Kana uchinetseka kufema (kunyangwe uchizvitarisa, unogona kuona kuti zvakaoma kufema).
• Kana pasina zororo kunyangwe uchishandisa mushonga wematambudziko ekufema (semuenzaniso mushonga wekufema).
• Kana mwero weokisijeni muropa ukaonekwa wakaderera (sekunge miromo nenzara zvinoshanduka kuita bhuruu).
• Kana uri kuratidza zviratidzo zvekurwara zvakanyanya (anaphylaxis), izvi zvinoreva:
• Kunetseka zvakanyanya kufema.
• Kudonha kamwe kamwe kweBP.
• Kuzvimba kwemiromo.
• Kushaya simba kamwe kamwe.
• Kurasikirwa nepfungwa (syncope) kana kufenda.
• Kuvhiringidzika (kusanzwisisa zvauri kuita kana kuti uri kupi).

Panguva dzakadai, usanonoka zvachose. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, unogona kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi kuti unzwisise zviri nani mamiriro ako ezvinhu.

• Chii chinokonzera chirwere changu che'Reactive Airway Disease'?
• Pane mushonga wakakwana wechirwere ichi here?
• Ndingaitei kuti kufema kwangu kuve nyore?
• Mishonga ipi yaunokurudzira?
• Mushonga uyu unofanira kushandiswa sei chaizvo? (semuenzaniso, kana uri mushonga wekufemesa, ungaushandisa sei nemazvo).
• Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wemapapu here?

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peRAD, asthma, uye COPD?

Mazita aya anovhiringidza zvishoma. Ngatizviyeuchidzei zvakare:

• Chirwere cheReactive Airway Disease (RAD): Iri izita rechinguvana. Zvinoreva kuti pane chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka muhurongwa hwekufema, asi chikonzero chaicho hachisati chazivikanwa.
• Asthma: Ichi chirwere chakasiyana. Chirwere chinotora nguva refu. Chinokonzera kuzvimba uye kutetepa kwenzira dzekufema. Dzimwe nguva, panogona kunge paine manyoka akawandisa.
• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): Iri izitawo reboka rezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Rinosanganisira zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinokanganisa mapapu, zvinoita kuti zviome kufema, uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvichiwedzera nekufamba kwenguva (semuenzaniso chronic bronchitis, emphysema).

Saka, chiremba anogona kutanga achidana zviratidzo zve'COPD' kuti 'RAD', kusvika aongororwa zvakanaka.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Iye zvino unogona kunzwisisa kuti `Reactive Airway Disease (RAD)` haisi chirwere chaicho. Zvisinei, hazvina kuipa kuti chiremba ashandise izwi iri. Zvinongoreva kuti chikonzero chematambudziko ako ekufema hachisati chazivikanwa, uye chirwere chaicho hachigone kupihwa kusvika bvunzo dzinodiwa dzaitwa zvakachengeteka .

Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, musavhunduka muende kuna chiremba. Iye achakupai mazano amunoda. Kana chiremba wemhuri yenyu asingakwanise kuona chirwere chacho, kumbirai kuti muendeswe kuna chiremba wemapapu (Pulmonologist).

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuwana chirwere chakakodzera uye kutanga kurapwa kwakakodzera. Ipapo unogona kupora nekukurumidza.

` Chirwere cheReactive Airway, RAD, kunetseka kufema, chirwere chekufema, asthma, mapapu, hutano hwevana, kukosora, kufemera