Ngatitaurei nezvezvirwere zvinokanganisa chikamu chepakati cheitsvo nechikamu chekunze (Renal Parenchymal Disease)!

Itsvo dziri mumuviri wedu dzakaita sedzinoshanda dzisingatauri, handiti? Dzinoita basa rakawanda tisingatombozvizivi. Dzinochenesa ropa redu zuva rese, dzinodzora huwandu hwemvura mumuviri, uye dzinobvisa tsvina isingakoshi. Asi dzimwe nguva, itsvo idzi dzinewo matambudziko. Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chinokanganisa itsvo dzakadaro. Icho chirwere cheitsvo chinonzi renal parenchymal disease, kana muchirungu `(Renal Parenchymal Disease)` . Zita iri rinogona kunzwika serakaoma kana ukarinzwa, asi ngatirinzwisise zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi chirwere cheRenal Parenchymal?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iri iboka rezvirwere zvinokuvadza itsvo. Rinonyanya kukanganisa chikamu cheitsvo chinonzi ``Parenchyma'' . Iye zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti iyi parenchyma chii. Kureva kuti, zvikamu zvikuru zveitsvo zvinoshanda, kana zvinobatsira kushanda kweitsvo. Iyi parenchyma ine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru:

1. Renal Cortex : Ichi chikamu chekunze kweitsvo. Zvikamu zvidiki zvekusefa zviri muitsvo dzedu, zvinonzi manephrons , zvinotangira pano. Manephrons aya akafanana nemafirita madiki. Ane zvikamu zviviri. Chimwe itsinga yeropa inonzi glomerulus . Chimwe ichubhu diki inonzi renal tubule .

• Ropa rinotanga kuseferwa ne glomeruli .
• Basa remachubhu eitsvo nderekudhonza mvura, zvinovaka muviri, uye zvicherwa zvinodiwa nemuviri uye kuburitsa tsvina isingakoshi kuburikidza neweti.
• Pamusoro pezvo, cortex yeitsvo inoburitsawo hormone inonzi `Erythropoietin (EPO) `. Iyi hormone `(EPO)` inobatsira `Bone Marrow` yedu kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa.

2. Renal Medulla : Iyi iri mukati meitsvo. Mazhinji emanephrons ari muchikamu ichi.

Saka, vanachiremba vanodana chero chirwere chinokanganisa cortex kana medulla yeitsvo kuti chirwere cheitsvo chinonzi itsvo parenchyma. Chinonziwo nemamwe mazita, semuenzaniso, zvirwere zveitsvo parenchyma, uye chirwere cheitsvo parenchymal.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru echirwere ichi?

Chirwere ichi chinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru:

• Chirwere cheAcute Renal Parenchymal : Izvi zvinotanga kamwe kamwe.
• Chirwere Chisingaperi Cheparenchymal Renal : Izvi zvinofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvinogara kwenguva yakareba.

Chirwere ichi chine njodzi here?

Zvinoenderana nechikonzero uye kuoma kwechirwere. Dzimwe nyaya dzisina kunyanya kuoma dzinogona kuva nani nekurapwa. Asi muzviitiko zvakakomba,Zvinogona kufambira mberi kusvika pakuva 'Itsvo Isingashande'. Sezvamunoziva, itsvo dzinogona kukuvadza hupenyu kana dzikasarapwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kuonekwa?

Kazhinji, hapana zviratidzo zvikuru zvinoonekwa pakutanga kwechirwere ichi. Ndizvo zvinoita kuti chitye zvishoma. Asi chirwere ichi pachinokura uye itsvo dzako dzichitadza kushanda zvakanaka, unogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi:

• Ropa muweti (Hematuria)
• Ganda rakaoma uye rinokwenya
• Kunzwa kuneta kwakanyanya
• Kuda kudya
• Kuderera kwehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa muropa (Anemia)
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa
• Kuburitsa weti yakawanda kupfuura yakajairika
• Kuzvimba kwakatenderedza maziso
• Kuzvimba kwemaoko, tsoka, netsoka (Edema)

Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba.

Chii chinokonzera izvi?

Zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri zvechirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi iBP yakakwira uye chirwere cheshuga . Zvisinei, panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvikonzero:

• Zvirwere zve autoimmune , zvakaita seLupus Nephritis
• Glomerulonephritis (kuzvimba kwezvikamu zvekusefa zveitsvo)
• `Kenza yeitsvo`
• Chirwere cheKidney chinonzi Polycystic ( zvironda zveitsvo)
• `Chirwere cheSickle Cell`

Zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera chirwere cheitsvo (chekukuruma) ndeizvi:

• Kurwara kwakanyanya (Anaphylaxis)
• `Utachiona hweMabhakitiriya`
• `Matombo eitsvo`
• `Matumbu eitsvo`
• Pulmonary Embolism (kugwamba kweropa mutsinga yeropa inoenda kumapapu)
• `Kupera Mvura Zvakanyanya`
• `Zvirwere zveMavhairasi`

Mimwe mishonga inogonawo kukonzera chirwere ichi (chakanyanya). Mienzaniso:

• `Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)`
• `Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)`
• `Mishonga Isingarwisi Kuzvimba (NSAIDs)` (semuenzaniso Ibuprofen, Diclofenac)

Ndiani ane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere ichi?

Munhu wese anogona kubatwa nechirwere ichi, asi uri panjodzi yakakura zvishoma kana uine zvinotevera:

• Kana paine munhu mumhuri ane chirwere ichi cheitsvo parenchyma
• Kana uine chirwere cheshuga
• Kana uine chirwere chemwoyo
• Kana uine `High Blood Pressure`

Uyewo, kana uine makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu uye ukashandisa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo inotengeswa nevanotenga (OTC) uye inonyorerwa nachiremba neNSAID , njodzi yako inogona kunge yakanyanya.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi?

Kana chirwere ichi chikasadzorwa nemazvo, matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitika. Mamwe acho ndeaya:

• Kuwedzera kweacidity yemvura yemuviri (Metabolic Acidosis)
• Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwephosphate (phosphorus) muropa (Hyperphosphatemia)
• Kuwedzera kwepotassium muropa (Hyperkalemia)
• Kuderera kwehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa (anemia)
• Marwadzo anokonzerwa nekuzara kwe uric acid mumajoini (Gout)
• Osteoporosis
• Kusasimba kwemuviri wekudzivirira muviri

Zvakakosha: Havasi vese vanozosangana nematambudziko aya. Zvisinei, kana ukanyatsorapa chirwere ichi uye ukawana kurapwa kwakakodzera, unogona kudzivirira matambudziko aya zvakanyanya.

Ungaongorora sei chirwere ichi nemazvo? (Kuongororwa)

Chiremba achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, oongorora nhoroondo yako yehutano, obvunza nezvemishonga yaunotora, uye oita bvunzo yemuviri. Kana vakafungidzira kuti une chirwere ichi, vachakuraira bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti vasimbise chirwere chacho. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa Kwekushanda Kweitsvo : Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongororwa kweropa uye kuongororwa kweweti. Kuongororwa kweropa kunoongorora chiyero chako chekupfapfaidza cheglomerular (eGFR) uye huwandu hwecreatinine muropa . Kuongororwa kweweti kunoongorora proteinuria neropa muweti.
• Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo : Izvi zvinogona kubatsira vanachiremba kuwana mufananidzo wakajeka wehukuru, chimiro, uye maumbirwo eitsvo. Vanogona kuraira scan ye ultrasound , MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) , kana CT (Computed Tomography) scan.
• Kuongororwa kweitsvo : Muongororo iyi, chiremba anotora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva muitsvo ochiongorora murabhoritari. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kupa ruzivo rwusingakwanise kuitwa nedzimwe bvunzo.

Inorapwa sei?

Kurapwa kwechirwere cheitsvo chinonzi parenchymal kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Chii chaizvo chinokonzera chirwere ichi uye kuti chakakomba sei.
• Zera rako nehutano hwako hwese.

Sarudzo dzako dzekurapa dzingasanganisira:

• Dzivisa kushandisa NSAID mishonga inoderedza marwadzo nemimwe mishonga inogona kuwedzera chirwere cheitsvo.
• Rega zvachose kushandisa fodya (kusvuta, kuputa fodya, kutsenga fodya, nezvimwewo).
• Kuita maekisesaizi emuviri nguva dzose.
• Kuramba uine huremu hwakanaka hunokunakira.
• Kutora mishonga inodiwa kudzora BP, cholesterol, uye chirwere cheshuga.
• Taura nenyanzvi yezvekudya zveRenal kuti mugadzire kudya kunobatsira itsvo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kudya kunoderedza mapuroteni, kuderedza cholesterol muropa, uye kuderedza munyu (sodium) nepotassium.

Kana chirwere chacho chakakomba, mishonga inotevera inogona kudiwa:

• Corticosteroids (rudzi rwemushonga unoderedza kuzvimba)
• `Dialysis` (kuchenesa ropa nerubatsiro rwemuchina kana itsvo dzisiri kushanda zvakanaka)
• Mishonga inoderedza kushanda kwemuviri ( immunosuppressants )
• `Kuisirwa kweitsvo`

Kana ndine chirwere ichi, chii chandinofanira kutarisira?

Kana uine chirwere ichi, unofanirwa kushanda nechikwata chako chekurapa kuti udzore kukuvara kweitsvo dzako uye kuti dzirambe dzichishanda kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira. Heano mamwe maitiro ekuita:

• Kudya chikafu chinobatsira itsvo.
• Gara uchitarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa rako uye BP yako.
• Enda kuna chiremba wezvetsinga (nephrologist) wobva waongororwa itsvo dzako nguva nenguva.
• Kutora mushonga wakanyorerwa nachiremba panguva chaiyo uye nemazvo.

Ungararama kwenguva yakareba sei nechirwere ichi?

Zvakaoma kupa mhinduro imwe chete kumubvunzo uyu. Nekuti zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sekukomba kwechirwere, zera rako, murume kana mukadzi, uye hutano hwese. Kana itsvo dzako dzikakuvara zvakanyanya, hupenyu hwako hunogona kudzikira. Kana uri pa dialysis, unowanzo tarisirwa kurarama kwemakore mashanu kusvika gumi.

Asi yeuka! Izvi zvinongova zvakajairika. Vanhu vazhinji vanorarama kwenguva yakareba kana vakarapwa zvakanaka uye vakaisirwa itsvo. Kunyangwe vanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo chekupedzisira vanogona kurarama kwemakore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu. Saka, taura nachiremba wako udzidze zvakawanda nezvechirwere chako.

Pane nzira dzekudzivirira chirwere ichi here? (Dziviriro)

Kunyange zvazvo zvisiri zvese zvinokonzera zvinogona kudzivirirwa, unogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere ichi nekuita zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Ita maekisesaizi akasimba kwemazuva mashanu pasvondo, kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva.
• Kuderedza kunwa doro.
• Kuramba uine huremu hwakanaka hunokunakira.
• Kana uine mukana mukuru wekuva nechirwere cheitsvo (semuenzaniso chirwere cheshuga, BP), enda kuna chiremba nguva nenguva kuti unoongororwa.
• Rega kusvuta zvachose.
• Kuderedza huwandu hwemunyu unowedzerwa muzvikafu.
• `NSAID`Shandisa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo chete sezvakarairwa nachiremba.

Ndezvipi zvekudya zvinofanira kudziviswa nemunhu ane chirwere ichi?

Kana uine chirwere cheitsvo chinonzi parenchymal disease, zvakakosha kuti uone nyanzvi yezvekudya zveitsvo . Iye ndiye achagadzira chirongwa chekudya chakakodzera iwe uye chakanakira itsvo dzako. Kazhinji unofanira kuderedza kudya kune munyu, mapuroteni, phosphorus, uye potassium yakawanda. Mimwe mienzaniso ndeiyi:

• Avokadho
• Bhanana
• Chikafu chakabikwa mumagaba
• Zvekudya zvine munyu zvakaita semachipisi nemapretzels
• Michero yeCitrus nemajusi, akadai semaranjisi
• Michero yakaomeswa
• Nyama dzakagadzirwa (senge masoseji, meatballs)
• Sipinachi

Zvakakosha: Rondedzero iyi ingasave yemunhu wese. Bvunza nyanzvi yezvekudya kuti ikupe mazano chaiwo ekuti ndezvipi zvekudya zvakakunakira uye zvaunofanira kudzivisa.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, BP, kana chimwe chirwere chinogona kukonzera chirwere cheitsvo, enda kuna chiremba wako nguva nenguva kuti akuongorore. Kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera njodzi kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukuvara kweitsvo dzako.

Unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheitsvo chinonzi parenchymal zvinowanzoonekwa mushure mekunge itsvo dzakuvara zvakanyanya. Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika:

• Kana tsandanyama dzichiwanzomonyoroka
• Kana uine havi yekudya
• Kana uchinzwa kuneta zvakanyanya
• Kana uchinetseka kuisa pfungwa dzako pachinhu chimwe chete kana kurara
• Kana uine ganda rinokwenya
• Kana uine matambudziko asingamire
• Kana maoko ako, zvitsitsinho, kana tsoka zvakazvimba
• Kana ukaita weti yakawanda kana kuti shoma pane yakajairika

Mibvunzo ipi yaunofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Paunoshanyira chiremba, zvingabatsira kubvunza mibvunzo iyi:

• Unoziva sei kana ndine chirwere cheitsvo chinonzi parenchymal disease?
• Zvakakomba sei?
• Ndeapi marapirwo amunokurudzira?
• Ndingaitei kuti ndidzivirire itsvo dzangu?
• Unogona kukurudzira nyanzvi yezvekudya kune varwere veitsvo here?
• Mungandiudzewo nezveboka rekutsigirana rinobatsira vanhu vane chirwere ichi here?

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Chirwere cheRenal Parenchymal chirwere chinokanganisa mashandiro eitsvo dzako. Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekugadzirisa chirwere ichi kuti itsvo dzirambe dzichishanda kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira. Vanhu vazhinji vanorarama nechirwere ichi kwemakore mazhinji.

Zvisinei, kana ukaongororwa chirwere chakadai uye uchifanira kurapwa nguva dzose, unogona kunzwa kusuruvara uye hasha. Izvi zvakajairika. Kutaura nezvazvo nemhuri yako neshamwari dzako dzaunovimba nadzo kunogona kukubatsira. Unogonawo kubatana nemapoka ekutsigira vanhu vane chirwere ichi. Kana uine mibvunzo, usatya kutaura nachiremba wako. Vachakubatsira. Hausi wega!

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