Chiremba akakuudza here kuti mwana wako mudiki ane autism? Zvakajairika kuti mubereki anzwe kutya, kusuruvara, uye azere nemibvunzo paanonzwa nhau. "Remangwana remwana wangu richave rakaita sei?" "Haazombokwanisi here kuva sevamwe vana?" "Toita sei izvozvi?" Ungave uchishamisika. Zvisinei, chidzidzo chekurapa chakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura chakaunza tariro mumoyo yedu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvekuwanikwa uku kutsva uye zvaunogona kudzidza kubva makuri semubereki wemwana ane autism.
Chidzidzo chitsva ichi chinoti chii?
Ongororo yakaitwa nevaongorori vepaBoston Children's Hospital muUnited States yakawana chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa zvikuru. Kureva kuti, vana vanopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu (37%) vanoonekwa vaine autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vachiri vadiki vanenge vakura kupfuura zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi pazera remakore matanhatu .
Chidzidzo ichi chaisanganisira vana 213 vakaonekwa vaine ASD vari pakati pemakore 1 ne3. Vana ava vakaonekwa vaine avhareji yemakore 2 ½. Vana ava vakaongororwazve vari pakati pemakore 5 ne7. Ndipo pakaonekwa mhedzisiro iyi inoshamisa.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuongororwa kwechirwere ichi achiri mudiki hakusi chinhu chinoshanda muhupenyu hwese hwemwana uye hachigoni kuchinjwa.
Vana ava vakarapwa sei?
Chinonyanya kukosha muchidzidzo ichi ndechekuti mwana wese akaonekwa aine chirwere ichi akapihwa nzira yekurapa. Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa ndeyeApplied Behavior Analysis (ABA) .
Saka chii chinonzi ABA?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera maitiro akanaka anobatsira mwana wako kukura uye kuderedza maitiro asina kunaka asingamubatsire. Semuenzaniso, kudzidzisa mwana wako kutarisa vamwe, kutaura, kunyemwerera, uye kukumbira zvavanoda itsika yakanaka. Uyewo, kuderedza zvinhu zvakaita sekuva wega uye kuita zvinhu zvakafanana kakawanda chikamu chekurapa uku.
Kuburikidza nekurapa uku kweABA, mwana:
- Unyanzvi hwekutaurirana
- Kutarisa uye kutarisa
- Unyanzvi hwekushamwaridzana nevamwe
- Unyanzvi hwekudzidza
Zvave pachena kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kugadziriswa. Saka, izvi zvinotiratidza kukosha kwekuongorora chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye kutanga rudzi urwu rwekurapa rwakakodzera mwana.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinoitwa nevana vakapora kubva kuchirwere?
Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chakawanikwa kubva muongororo iyi ndechekuti paive nemisiyano pakati pevana vakapora kubva kuASD nevaya vakaramba vaine chirwere ichi. Ngatitarisei ruzivo urwu mutafura.
| Hunhu | Zvakasangana nevana vane ASD |
|---|---|
| Hunhu hwevakadzi/hunhu hwevarume | Mikana yakawanda yekubereka vana vechikadzi (ASD inowanzoonekwa muvana vechirume). |
| Unyanzvi hwezuva nezuva | Kana chirwere ichi chaonekwa kekutanga, mwana anenge aine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwe'baseline adaptive functioning'. Kureva kuti, vanenge vari nani zvishoma pane vamwe vana pamabasa ezuva nezuva akadai sekutaura, kuzvipfekedza, uye kuita sarudzo. |
| IQ (Intelligence Quotient) | Vana vese vari muboka iri vaive neIQ score ye70 kana kupfuura (IQ iri pasi pe70 inoonekwa sechiratidzo chekuremara kwepfungwa). |
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti panogona kunge paine hukama pakati pehunyanzvi hwemwana hwepakutanga uye maitiro ake pakurapwa .
Chidzidzo chipi chatinofanira kudzidza sevabereki kubva pane izvi?
Zvakabuda muongororo iyi zvinogona kunge zvakakupa tariro yakati wandei. Izvozvo zvakanaka. Sekureva kwaDr. Elizabeth Hasted, mumwe wevaongorori vakuru veongororo iyi, zvakakosha kuti vabereki varambe vaine pfungwa dzakavhurika.
"Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti mwana paanokura, kunyangwe zviratidzo zvake zvinogona kuchinja. Vamwe vana vanogona kuchinja zvikuru mukutaurirana kwavo nevanhu uye maitiro avo. Saka, zvakakosha kuti tirambe tichitarisa vana uye tichigadzirisa marapirwo sezvinodiwa," anodaro.
Shoko guru ratinogona kutora kubva pane izvi nderekuti:
- Usarasa tariro: Kungoti mwana wako ane ASD hazvirevi kuti ndiwo mugumo wehupenyu hwake. Nerutsigiro rwakakodzera uye kurapwa, vanogona kufambira mberi zvinoshamisa.
- Taura nachiremba wako nguva dzose: Taura nachiremba wako nezvekufambira mberi kwemwana wako, chero matambudziko aungave nawo, nezvimwe zvese. "Chiremba, zvinoita sekunge ari kuita zviri nani izvozvi," "Chiremba, ava netsika itsva iyi," nezvimwewo.
- Kurapwa nekukurumidza kwakakosha: Kana mukaona shanduko muhunhu hwemwana wenyu, dzakadai sekusatamba nevamwe vana, kusatarisa mumaziso kana muchitaura, kana kusataura zvinoenderana nezera rake, musanonoka kutsvaga mazano echiremba. Kana chirwere chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, mhedzisiro yekurapwa inowedzera kunaka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Dambudziko reAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) haringangove dambudziko rehupenyu hwese, risingachinjiki, uye zvidzidzo zvitsva zviri kupa tariro.
- Kana mwana aonekwa kuti ane ASD, zvakakosha kutanga kurapwa kwakakodzera nekukurumidza . Marapirwo ekurapa maitiro, akadai seApplied Behavior Analysis (ABA), akaratidzwa kuti anoshanda zvakanyanya.
- Kurukurai kufambira mberi kwemwana wenyu nachiremba wenyu nguva nenguva . Kurapwa kungada kuchinjwa mwana wenyu achikura.
- Mwana wese akasiyana. Saka musaenzanisa kufambira mberi kwemwana wenyu nemumwe mwana. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kutsigira mwana wenyu nemwoyo murefu nerudo .
- Ndokumbirawo munzwisise kuti chidzidzo ichi chingori tariro chete, kwete vimbiso inoshanda kune wese munhu. Saka, zvakakosha kuvimba nemazano ekurapa akavakirwa pasainzi .
💬 Comments (0)
Hapana zvakataurwa parizvino. Isa mhinduro yako pano kekutanga.
Wedzera zvaunofunga