Atherosclerosis chirwere umo tsinga dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumoyo wako dzinoita shoma zvishoma nezvishoma dzovharwa nemafuta akawanda. Kana chirwere ichi chikanyanya, chinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kuoma kufema. Kazhinji, kurapa kwekutanga kwechirwere ichi imishonga. Asi dzimwe nguva, mishonga chete haigone kudzora chirwere ichi. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, vanachiremba vanosarudza kuita chimwe chinhu, kureva, kurapa kwakaoma zvishoma. Nhasi tichataura nezvekurapa kukuru kuviri kwakadaro.
Nzira yekutanga: Angioplasty uye Stenting
Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, inosanganisira kuvhura tsinga yeropa yakavharika kubva mukati. Maitirwo ayo anonakidza zvikuru.
Kutanga, chiremba achaita bvunzo yeX-ray inonzi ``Coronary Angiogram.`` Izvi zvinoona kuti ndekupi uye kuti mitsipa yeropa iri mumoyo yakavharika. Zvadaro, chubhu yakatetepa kwazvo (catheter) inopfuudzwa nepatsinga huru yeropa iri muruoko kana gumbo ichienda kutsinga iri mumoyo yakavharika. Izvi zvinoitwa zvinyoro nyoro.
Tevere, mvura yakakosha (dhayi) inopinzwa kuburikidza nechubhu iyi. Mvura iyi inoonekwa zvakajeka paX-ray screen, saka nzvimbo chaiyo yakavharika inogona kuonekwa. Iye zvino basa chairo rinotanga.
Bharuni diki riri pamucheto wechubhu rinofuridzirwa panzvimbo yakavharika. Izvi zvinovhura tsinga yakamanikana, yakamanikana uye zvinoita kuti ropa ridzokere pakare. Kazhinji, mushure mekunge bharuni rafuridzirwa uye tsinga yavhurwa, chubhu diki inoiswa kuti muromo usavharike zvakare. Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti ``stent.'' Iyi stent yakaita sechitubu chinoiswa mukati mepaipi, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza tsinga yakavhurika.
Nzira iyi inoshandiswa kuderedza marwadzo epachipfuva (`Angina`) uye kuvhura tsinga yakavharika nekukurumidza panguva yekurwara kwemoyo. Haina njodzi yakawanda yematambudziko, uye unogona kupora nekukurumidza wodzokera kumba muzuva rimwe chete.
Nzira yechipiri: Kuvhiyiwa kweCoronary Bypass
Iri ibasa guru. Izwi rekuti ``Bypass`` rinoreva kuti "mugwagwa unotenderera". Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chinoitika pano. Fungidzira kuti kune vanhu vakawanda mumugwagwa, uye pasina mota dziri kufamba. Zvadaro chatinoita kugadzira mugwagwa mutsva, mugwagwa wepadivi, kuti upfuure vanhu vakawanda. Ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitika mukushanda kwe bypass.
Chiremba anotora chikamu chetsinga yeropa ine hutano kubva pagumbo, ruoko, kana madziro echipfuva chako.Vanotora. Zvadaro, vanoshandisa chidimbu ichocho chechubhu kuti vapfuure tsinga yakavharika iri mumoyo voita kuti ropa riyerere munzira itsva. Kureva kuti, vanobatanidza chubhu iyi itsva pamusoro nepasi peyakavharika. Ipapo ropa rinoyerera nenzira iyi itsva "yekupfuura nepakati" pachinzvimbo chekupinda munzvimbo yakavharika.
Vanachiremba vanodana izvi kuti "Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting" kana kuti "CABG" muchidimbu. Vanhu vedu vanozvitiwo "cabbage surgery" mumutauro wavo wekutaura.
Kuvhiyiwa kweBypass kunorerutsira kurwadziwa kwechipfuva zvikuru. Kunogonawo kubatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga kana avo vane tsinga dzakavharika zvakanyanya.
Asi yeukai, uku kuvhiyiwa kukuru. Saka, zvinogona kutora mavhiki, kunyange mwedzi, kuti zvidzoke. Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kwemazuva ano kwebypass kunogona kuitwa nekucheka kudiki kuri kuitwa pari zvino.
Stent? Bypass? Ndeipi iri nani kwauri?
Zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti, "Kuvhiyiwa kwe "stent" kana "bypass" kuri nani kwandiri here?" Hapana mhinduro iri nyore. Sarudzo iyoyo inoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mamiriro ako, huwandu hwetsinga dzakavharika, uye hunhu hwadzo. Chiremba wako ndiye munhu akakodzera kuita sarudzo iyoyo. Ngatienzanisei zvakanakira nezvakaipira zvesarudzo idzi mbiri.
| Kufunga nezvako | Kupisa zvinonhuwira | Kuvhiyiwa kweBypass (CABG) |
|---|---|---|
| Nguva yekurarama kana migero yakawanda yakavharwa | Hapana humbowo hwakajeka hunoratidza kuti inowedzera hupenyu hwemunhu. Inonyanya kushandiswa kudzora zviratidzo. | Zvakanaka kwazvo. Zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinowedzera hupenyu hwevaya vane tsinga dzakavharika zvakanyanya. |
| Kurerutswa kwekurwadziwa pachipfuva (Angina) | Inodzora marwadzo zvakanaka, asi marwadzo anogona kudzoka nekufamba kwenguva. | Inodzora marwadzo zvakanaka uye inogona kupa zororo kwenguva refu kupfuura stents. |
| Kana paine emergency (chirwere chemwoyo) | Zvakanakira. Zvinogona kuitwa mumaminitsi mashoma, saka unogona kudzivirira njodzi nenguva yekupora kwekuvhiyiwa kukuru. | Hazviwanzo shandiswa panguva yenjodzi. Zvinoda nguva yakawanda uye kugadzirira. |
| Nguva yekupora | Nguva pfupi zvikuru. Unogona kudzokera kumba mushure mezuva rimwe chete kana maviri. | Zvinotora nguva. Zvinogona kutora chero nguva kubva pamavhiki mashoma kusvika kumwedzi mishoma kuti munhu apore zvizere. |
Dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa atherectomy
Kashoma, pane dzimwe nzira dzinoshandiswa kuwedzera kune stents kana bypasses. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa mafuta ari mukati metsinga.
- Kubviswa kwemasero eropa: Chishandiso chine muromo wedhaimani chinotenderedzwa nekumhanya kukuru, chichipwanya mafuta akaomarara.
- Kubviswa kwemasero eropa nenzira yeDirectional Atherectomy: Chidimbu chinotenderera chinocheka mafuta, chinoisa zvidimbu zvacho mucatheter, uye chinobviswa mumuviri.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira idzi dzichinzwika zvakanaka, hadzina simba sema stent kana kuti bypasses. Dzinowanzo shandiswa chete kubvisa tsinga zvishoma usati waisa stent.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekurapwa? Ngatitangei hupenyu zvakare!
Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Yeuka, kungoti une stent kana kuti bypass, hazvimisi maitiro e atherosclerosis. Zvinongobvisa chete kuvharika kukuru kuripo. Izvi zvinogona kuitikawo mune dzimwe tsinga dzeropa.
Saka, mushure mekurapwa kwakadai, unofanira kungwarira kupfuura kare. Zvakakosha kuchinja mararamiro ako uye kushandisa mushonga sezvakarairwa nachiremba.
Mushonga unokosha
Kazhinji, mushure merudzi urwu rwekurapwa, chiremba anokupa mishonga yakati wandei yaunofanira kunwa zuva nezuva.
- Mishonga yemhando yeStatin: Inoderedza huwandu hwecholesterol yakaipa muropa.
- Aspirin: Inodzivirira kugayiwa kweropa.
- Mishonga yakaita seClopidogrel, Prasugrel, Ticagrelor: Iyi mishonga inodzivirirawo kuungana kweropa. Kunyanya kune munhu akamboiswa stent, mishonga iyi ingangoda kutorwa kwemwedzi mumwe kusvika pagore.
- Mishonga yeBP: kunyanya mishonga yakaita se `(Beta-blockers)` uye `(ACE inhibitors)`.
Tsika dzinofanira kuva nadzo
- Kurovedza muviri: Rovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mashanu pasvondo. Kunyangwe kufamba netsoka kwakanaka.
- Kudya kwakanaka: Idya kanenge kashanu pamichero nemiriwo pazuva. Deredza mafuta, munyu, uye shuga.
- Dzivisa kusvuta zvachose: Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha. Kana ukasvuta, hapana kana imwe yemishonga iyi inoshanda nemazvo.
Mushure mekurapwa uku, unonzwa sekunge wava nehupenyu hutsva. Maitiro aya achakubatsira zvechokwadi kurarama hupenyu hwacho hune hutano uye hunofadza.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kurwara kwechirwere cheatherosclerosis chirwere chinotora nguva refu. Kurapwa ne stent kana bypass kunobvisa chete kuvharika kwakakomba kwakatoitika, asi hakupedzi chirwere chose.
- Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kana stent kana kuti bypass yakakunakira, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sehutano hwako, huwandu hwemavharidziro, uye kukurumidza.
- Mushure mekurapwa kupi zvako, zvakakosha kuti uchinje mararamiro ako uye utore mishonga yako sezvawakanyorerwa kuti udzivise matambudziko mune ramangwana.
- Kana muine zvinokunetsai kana kusava nechokwadi nazvo, garai muchikurukura nachiremba wenyu , pane kusarudza muri mega. Musamborega kana kuchinja mishonga musina kupiwa mazano nachiremba.
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