Kana umhutu hukawanda munguva yemvura, tinobva tafunga nezve dengue, handiti? Saizvozvowo, patinofamba-famba musango, tinotyawo zvikwekwe. Unoziva here kuti zvirwere zvingani zvine njodzi zvinogona kutapurirwa kwatiri nemhuka diki dzakadai seumhutu, zvikwekwe, nenhata? Mhuka idzi diki ndidzo dzinokonzera kufa kwemamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose gore rega rega. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvezvirwere zvinotapurirwa nemhuka dzakadaro dzinotakura zvirwere.
Ndezvipi zvirwere izvi zvinotapuriranwa nezvipembenene?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, hutachiona hunokonzera chirwere, senge hutachiona, mabhakitiriya, kana tupukanana (hutachiona), hunotakurwa kubva kune imwe mhuka kuenda kune imwe, uye dzimwe nguva kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe. Mabhakitiriya aya anotanga atora utachiona mumiviri yavo pavanosveta ropa remhuka ine chirwere kana munhu. Zvadaro, kana hutachiona hwaruma munhu ane hutano, vanoisa hutachiona mumunhu iyeye.
Funga nezveumhutu. Kana umhutu ukaruma munhu ane dengue, unogona kukuruma. Zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa nenzira iyi zvinonzi 'Vector-Borne Diseases '.
Zvimwe zvezvirwere zvakajairika munyika medu ndeizvi:
- Dengue
- Marariya
- Chikungunya
- Encephalitis yeJapan ( fivha yeuropi )
- Typhus
Zvirwere izvi zvinouraya vanhu vanodarika 700,000 pasi rose gore rega rega. Zvirwere izvi zvinonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dziri pasi pemvura, dzakadai seSri Lanka.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvechirwere ichi?
Chikonzero chikuru chekutapurirana kwezvirwere izvi kurumwa nemhuka dzine utachiona dzakadai seumhutu, zvikwekwe, nhata, uye sand flies . Sezvo mhuka zhinji idzi dzichisveta ropa, ndipo panotapuriranwa chirwere ichi.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kupararira kwezvirwere izvi.
- Nzvimbo: Nzvimbo dzinoungana mvura (magoko ekokonati, matayi, hari dzemaruva), uye huswa hurefu ndidzo nzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuti mhuka idzi dzibereke.
- Kuwanda kwevanhu uye kukura kwemaguta: Kana vanhu vakawanda vachigara pamwe chete uye maguta akavakwa pasina kuronga, nharaunda yekuti zvinhu izvi zvibudirire inowedzera.
Kubva patafura iri pazasi, unogona kuona zvimwe zvezvirwere zvakajairika munyika medu nepasi rose, pamwe chete nezvikonzero zvazvo.Nezvehutachiona nezvinohuparadzira.
| Chirwere | Utachiona hunokonzera zvirwere | Vekita |
|---|---|---|
| Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika | Utachiona | Umhutu hweAedes |
| Marariya | Zvipembenene | Umhutu hwechikadzi hweAnopheles |
| Encephalitis yekuJapan | Utachiona | Umhutu hweCulex |
| Typhus | Bakitiriya (Bakitiriya) | Inda (Inda) |
| Denda | Bakitiriya (Bakitiriya) | Nhata – (kubva pamakonzo kusvika kuvanhu) |
| Chirwere cheLyme | Bakitiriya (Bakitiriya) | Zvikwekwe |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakajairika?
Zviratidzo zvechirwere chimwe nechimwe zvakasiyana. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti utachiona hunokonzera chirwere chakasiyana. Ngatitarisei zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakawanda zvakajairika.
Zvakakosha: Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, ndapota ona chiremba nekukasika, usingafungidzire. Kurapwa nekukasika kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.
| Chirwere | Zviratidzo zvakajairika |
|---|---|
| Chikungunya | Kuerekana wava nefivha, kurwadziwa kwemajoini kusingatsungiririki, kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama, musoro, kuda kurutsa, kurwadziwa kwemuviri, uye mapundu eganda. Kurwadziwa kwemajoini kunogona kugara kwemavhiki. |
| Dengue | Kungoerekana watanga kupisa muviri zvakanyanya (zvichida 40°C), musoro wakakomba, kurwadziwa pasi pemaziso, kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama nemapfundo, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kuzvimba kwetsinga uye mapundu matsvuku eganda. Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvine njodzi zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu zvakanyanya, kurutsa nguva dzose, kubuda ropa mumatadza, kana kuoma kufema, enda kuchipatara Emergency Department (ETU) nekukasika. |
| Marariya | Fivha yakanyanya, kudikitira zvakanyanya, musoro, kuda kurutsa, kurwadziwa kwemuviri, manyoka, kurutsa, kunetseka kufema, uye kurwadziwa pachipfuva. Kana chirwere chikaramba chichikura, jaundice (kutsvuka kweganda nemachena emaziso) uye coma zvinogona kuitika. |
| Encephalitis yekuJapan | Vakuru vanogona kutanga vaine fivha, musoro, uye kurutsa. Zviratidzo zvetsinga, zvinosanganisira kushaya simba uye kuoma kufamba, zvinogona kutanga mukati memazuva mashoma. Vana vadiki vanogona kunge vaine pfari. Pakati pe20% ne30% yevanhu vane hutachiona hweuropi vanofa. |
Kurapa uye nzira dzekudzivirira zvirwere izvi
Kurapa
Kurapwa kwezvirwere izvi kunosiyana zvichienderana nechirwere.
- Zvirwere zvemavhairasi:Hapana mushonga unouraya zvakananga hutachiona hwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemavhairasi akadai sedengue ne chikungunya. Pano, vanachiremba vanongodzora zviratidzo chete. Semuenzaniso, vanopa mushonga wekuderedza fivha uye kuderedza marwadzo. Zvakakoshawo kuzorora zvakanaka uye kunwa zvinwiwa (mvura, muto, porridge).
- Zvirwere zvezvipembenene nemabhakitiriya: Pazvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya, zvakaita semarariya, kune mishonga inouraya kana kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere ichi (semuenzaniso quinone). Pazvirwere zvebhakitiriya, zvakaita setyphus, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (semuenzaniso doxycycline) inopihwa.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti unofanira kushandisa chero mishonga iyi uchingorayirwa nachiremba wako. Kutora mishonga wega kuchaita kuti chirwere chiwedzere kuipa.
Kudzivirira
Chirevo chinoti "Kudzivirira kuri nani pane kurapa" ndechechokwadi chose panyaya dzezvirwere izvi. Ngationei zvatingaita kuti tidzivirirwe kubva kuzvirwere izvi.
- Chengeta nharaunda yakachena: Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Rasa mvura yakamira mumba mako. Rasa makoko ekokonati, matayi ekare, makapu eyogati, kunyangwe mvura iri muhari dzemaruva. Idzi inzvimbo dzekuberekera umhutu.
- Baiwa majekiseni: Kune majekiseni ekudzivirira zvirwere zvakaita seJapan encephalitis. Unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezveizvi kubva kuhofisi yebazi rezvehutano remunharaunda yako.
- Fukidza: Pfeka mbatya dzinofukidza muviri wako zvakanaka paunenge uchibuda, kunyanya mangwanani nemanheru. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kurumwa neumhutu.
- Shandisa mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene: Isa mushonga unodzinga umhutu panzvimbo dzakaonekwa paganda rako.
- Chenjerera paunenge uchifamba: Usati waenda kure, tarisa kuti zvirwere izvi zvapararira here munzvimbo iyoyo. Kana zvichidikanwa, ona chiremba wako usati waenda uye bvunza mazano.
- Zvidzivirire kubva kuzvikwekwe: Kana uchifamba musango kana munzvimbo ine uswa, tarisa muviri wako kuti hauna zvikwekwe here. Kana ukaona chikwekwe, usachibudise nemaoko ako. Shandisa matinji kuti ubvise zvakanaka wochenesa nzvimbo yacho zvakanaka nemushonga wekuuraya utachiona.
- Kuchena kwechikafu: Idya chikafu chakachena, chakabikwa zvakanaka nguva dzose.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa nezvipembenene zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa nemhuka dzakajairika, dzakadai seumhutu nezvikwekwe, asi zvinogona kuva nengozi zvikuru.
- Nzira yakanakisisa yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere izvi ndeyekudzivirira. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza imba yako nenzvimbo zvakakupoteredza zvakachena, kunyanya pasina nzvimbo dzinogona kuungana mvura.
- Zvakakosha kupfeka mbatya dzinodzivirira uye kushandisa mushonga unodzinga umhutu kuti uzvidzivirire iwe nemhuri yako kubva pakurumwa nezvipembenene zvakaita seumhutu nezvikwekwe.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha yakakwira kamwe kamwe, musoro wakakomba, kurwadziwa kwemuviri nemapfundo, uye mapundu paganda, usanonoka wobva waona chiremba ane hunyanzvi nekukasika.
- Usamboedza kuzvirapa wega usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba. Izvi zvinogona kukuisa panjodzi huru.
zvirwere zvinotakurwa nezvipembenene, zvirwere zvinotakurwa neumhutu, dengue, malaria, chikungunya, zvirwere zvinotakurwa nezvipembenene, zvikwekwe, hutano hweSinhala, Sri Lanka
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