Tinoziva kuti miviri yedu yakaumbwa nematiriyoni emasero. Tinowanzo funga nezvesero rimwe nerimwe serine ruzivo rwakafanana rwemajini, semakopi mazhinji epurani imwe chete. Asi dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvishoma. Fungidzira kuti mamwe masero mumuviri wako ane purani imwe chete yemajini, uye mamwe masero ane purani yakasiyana zvishoma yemajini. Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti mosaicism mukurapa.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Mosaicism?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Mosaicism kuvapo kwemapoka maviri kana anopfuura emasero akasiyana-siyana mumuviri wemunhu mumwe chete. Izvi zvakafanana neunyanzvi hwemosaic. Kungofanana nemataira madiki ane mavara akasiyana uye maumbirwo anoungana kuti agadzire mufananidzo wakanaka, chinoitika pano ndechekuti masero ane majini akasiyana anoungana kuti aumbe muviri mumwe chete.
Muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi mutsauko uripo pakati pehuwandu hwemachromosomes. Munhu ane hutano ane machromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu musero rega rega. Zvisinei, mumunhu ane mosaicism, mamwe masero ane machromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu, nepo rimwe boka remasero ringave nenhamba yakasiyana, senge machromosomes makumi mana nemanomwe kana makumi mana nemashanu. Musiyano uyu wemajini unogona kukonzera mamwe matambudziko ehutano pakuzvarwa, uye dzimwe nguva matambudziko gare gare muhupenyu.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kusanganiswa ne mosaicism?
Kutevedzera mitemo yeMosaicism kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Asi mhedzisiro yeizvi inosiyana zvikuru kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemasero asina kujairika mumuviri uye nhengo dzipi dzemasero iwayo dziri. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvirwere zvikuru zvine chekuita neizvi.
| Mamiriro | Mhedzisiro uye zvinhu zvakajairika |
|---|---|
| Mosaic Down syndrome | Iyi imhando yeDown syndrome. Inogona kukonzera kuremara kwepfungwa, kushaya simba kwetsandanyama, uye kumeso kwakatetepa. Vamwe vana vanogonawo kuva nechirwere chemwoyo, matambudziko ekugaya chikafu, uye matambudziko ethyroid. |
| Pallister-Killan mosaic syndrome | Kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kushaya simba kwetsandanyama, kunonoka kwepfungwa, bvudzi rakatetepa, ruvara rweganda rusina kurongeka, nezvimwe zvikanganiso zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvinoonekwa. |
| SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome | Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba akadai sekuzvarwa kwemwana asina maziso, pfari, matambudziko ekukura kweuropi, uye kunonoka kukura kwemuviri. |
| Trisomi 18 (yaMosesi) | Ichi chirwere apo kukura kwemwana kunokanganisika mudumbu. Mwana anogona kuzvarwa aine zvikanganiso zvishoma pane zvakajairika mumusoro, pamwoyo, nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Zvinosuwisa kuti vana vazhinji vane chirwere ichi havararame kupfuura gore ravo rekutanga. |
Pamusoro pezvo, mosaicism inogona kunge yakabatana nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvema chromosome, zvakaita seTurner syndrome, uye mamwe marudzi ekenza, kunyanya kenza yeropa.
Sei mamiriro ezvinhu aya achiitika?
Izvi zvinoitika kazhinji netsaona. Izvi hazvikonzerwi nemunhu. Fungidzira, mushure mekunge zai raamai rasangana nembeu yababa, sero rekutanga (zygote) rinoumbwa rinotanga kupatsanuka. Nenzira iyi, sero rimwe chete parinopatsanuka kuita maviri, maviri, mana, mana, masere, nezvimwewo, mwana ari mudumbu anokura.
Munguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero uku, sero rega rega idzva rinofanira kugamuchira kopi chaiyo yemachromosome esero rekutanga. Asi kashoma, kukanganisa kunogona kuitika panguva yekukopa uku. Kukanganisa kunogona kukonzera sero idzva kuva nenhamba yakasiyana yemachromosome. Kana sero risina kunaka rikaramba richipatsanurwa, muviri unogadzira chizvarwa chemasero ane majini asina kujairika. Masero ekutanga, ane hutano anoramba achipatsanurwawo, zvekuti pakupedzisira muviri unenge uine maseti maviri emasero.
- Kunyatsokura kwemasero emuviri: Kana dambudziko iri rikaitika pakutanga kwekukura kwemwana ari mudumbu, huwandu hukuru (50% kana kupfuura) hwemasero asina kujairika hunopararira mumuviri wese.
- Kusagadzikana kwemasero: Kana chikanganiso chikaitika padanho rekupedzisira rekukura, huwandu hwemasero anokanganiswa hushoma.
Kune mhando huru dzemifananidzo yemosaic here?
Ehe, dzidziso yeMosaicism inogona kuiswa mumapoka makuru akati wandei. Kunzwisisa izvi kunogona kukubatsira kuti unzwisise zviri nani mamiriro ezvinhu.
| Kupatsanura | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Zvichienderana nerudzi rwesero rakakanganiswa | |
| Somatic Mosaicism | Pano, shanduko yemajini inowanikwa chete mumasero emuviri (masero emuviri). Kureva kuti, masero ari munhengo dzakadai seganda, uropi, nemoyo. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chirwere ichi hachikanganisi masero ekubereka (mazai nembeu), saka hachigamuchirwi kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana. |
| Umwari hweGermanline Mosaicism | Kuchinja kwemajini kunongoitika mumasero embeu chete, kureva kuti, mumazai kana mbeu yemurume. Saka, kunyangwe vabereki vasina zviratidzo, vana vavo vari panjodzi yekuwana chirwere ichi. |
| Zvichienderana nekupararira kwemuviri | |
| Hunhu hweMosaicism | Pano, masero asina kujairika anowanikwa mumuviri wese wemwana. |
| Mutemo weMosaic wakaganhurirwa | Pano, masero asina kujairika haawanikwe mumuviri wese, asi anongogumira kune imwe nhengo kana nyama chaiyo, senge uropi, moyo, kana chiropa. Semuenzaniso, pane chirwere chinonzi Confined Placental Mosaicism, chinongogumira kune placenta. |
Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Kuongororwa kwemajini kwakakosha kunodiwa kuti uone kana mosaicism yaonekwa.
- Kuongorora Mwana Asati Azvarwa: Kana paine fungidziro yekuti mwana ane Mosaicism panguva yekuzvitakura, vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira bvunzo dzakakosha. Amniocentesis (kuyedza mvura yeamniotic yakakomberedza mwana) uyeKuongororwa kweChorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) (kuongorora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva paplacenta) ndeimwe yemiedzo yakadaro.
- Kuongororwa mushure mekusununguka: Mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana, chirwere ichi chinogona kuonekwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa, biopsy yeganda, nezvimwewo. Dzimwe nguva, zvingadikanwa kuyedza mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzenyama kuti uonekwe kuti chirwere chacho ndechechokwadi.
Kunyanya munzira dzakadai se in-vitro fertilization (IVF), zvinokwanisika kuongorora zvikanganiso zvemajini kuburikidza nebvunzo inonzi Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) mwana asati aiswa muchibereko chaamai.
Pane mushonga wekushandisa mosaicism here?
Iri idambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji. Kutaura zvazviri, parizvino hapana nzira yekurapa kana kugadzirisa chirwere chemajini chinonzi Mosaicism. Kureva kuti, hazvigoneke kubvisa masero asina kujairika woatsiva nemasero akajairwa.
Asi, chinonyanya kukosha, kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa nekurapa matambudziko ehutano nezviratidzo zvinokonzerwa neMosaicism.
Nzira dzekurapa dzinoenderana nechirwere chinokanganisa munhu mumwe nemumwe. Semuenzaniso, mwana ane Mosaic Down syndrome anogona kubatsirwa nekurapa nekunyora uye physiotherapy kuti zvimubatsire kukura nekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwake. Kana paine chirwere chemwoyo, kurapwa kunopiwa kugadzirisa chikonzero chacho. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kurapwa hakusi kweMosaicism, asi kune migumisiro yechirwere. Zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nezvechirongwa chakanakisa chekurapa iwe kana mwana wako.
Ramangwana richava rakaita sei nemamiriro ezvinhu aya?
Zvakaoma kufanotaura kuti munhu ane chirwere chemosaicism achararama sei, sezvo zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda. Zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
- Chii chikamu chemasero asina kujairika? (Chikamu chemasero asina kujairika)
- Ndedzipi nhengo/nyama dzinokanganiswa?
- Kuoma kwechirwere chakabatana nacho.
Munhu ane huwandu hushoma hwemasero asina kujairika (low-level mosaicism) anogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano hwakanaka asina zviratidzo. Mumwe munhu anogona kunge aine matambudziko madiki. Kana huwandu hwemasero asina kujairika hwakakwira uye nhengo huru dzakadai seuropi nemoyo dzikakanganiswa, matambudziko anogona kuwedzera.
Saka, pane kutya zvisina kufanira nezveizvi, zvakakosha kuona nyanzvi, kugamuchira mazano ezvemajini , uye kunzwisisa zvakajeka mamiriro ako chaiwo kana emwana wako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kutevedzera mutemo wekuti Mosaicism imhaka yekuti muviri wemunhu mumwe chete une masero akawanda akasiyana nemajini.
- Iyi haisi mhosva yemunhu, asi kukanganisa kunoitika pasina kurongeka panguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero panguva yekutanga kwekukura kwemwana ari mudumbu.
- Migumisiro yekushandiswa kwemifananidzo yemosaic inosiyana zvikuru kubva pamunhu kusvika pamunhu. Vamwe vangasakanganiswa, nepo vamwe vangava nematambudziko makuru ehutano.
- Kunyangwe pasina mushonga wechirwere ichi, kune mishonga inoshanda zvikuru yekurapa zviratidzo nematambudziko ehutano anokonzerwa nacho.
- Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine kusava nechokwadi kana mibvunzo nezve Mosaicism, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekukurukura nezvazvo pachena nachiremba wako.
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