Ingaba ukubona kwakho kuya kuba buthathaka kancinci kancinci? Oku kusenokuba kubangelwa yi-Optic Atrophy!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelwa kukuba umbono wakho awubonakali okanye awubonakali? Usenokucinga ukuba oku kuqhelekile, ukuba nje ngumcimbi wokudinwa kwamehlo akho. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba luphawu lwento enzulu ngakumbi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-optic atrophy , echaphazela umbono wethu. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Optic Atrophy?

Ngamafutshane, i-Optic Atrophy kukulahlekelwa kancinci kancinci kweeseli kwi -optic nerve yakho. Igama elithi "atrophy" lithetha into ewohlokayo, ebuthathaka, okanye ephelayo. Ngoko ke okwenzekayo kule meko kukuncipha kwe-optic nerve, esebenza njengentambo yefowuni ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamehlo ethu nengqondo. Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu .

Cinga ngale ndlela: amehlo ethu afana nekhamera. I-optic nerve ithatha umfanekiso (ulwazi olubonakalayo) kwikhamera ize ixelele ingqondo, “Yile nto uyibonayo.” Ngoko ke ukuba le mithambo yonakele, kuba ngathi ucingo oluphethe umyalezo lunqunyulwe. Emva koko, nangona iliso libona, ulwazi aluyi engqondweni, ngoko ke sineengxaki zokubona . Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni ngokupheleleyo kombono, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni yimfama . Kwakhona, eyona ngxaki inkulu apha kukuba lo monakalo uhlala ungalungiseki, oko kuthetha ukuba awunakubuyiselwa .

Zeziphi iimpawu ebesiya kuzifumana ukuba besinokuba nale meko?

I-Optic Atrophy luphawu oluphambili lweengxaki zokubona. Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi mpawu:

• Umbono uba mfiliba kwaye izinto ziba mfiliba: Oonobumba nemifanekiso ebebonakala ngokucacileyo ngaphambili ngoku isenokubonakala imfifi kancinci kwaye ingacacanga. Kufana nokuba ikhamera ayijolisanga kakuhle.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ongaphandle: Nangona ubona ngqo phambili, ungalahlekelwa kukubona izinto emacaleni amehlo akho. Kungavakala ngathi ulahlekelwa ngumbono ongaphandle, njengehashe.
• Ukungaboni mbala: Eminye imibala, ingakumbi ebomvu neluhlaza, inokuba nzima ukwahlula. Imibala isenokubonakala ifiphele kancinci okanye inombala owahlukileyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela . Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni siphuhlisa i-Optic Atrophy? Zithini izizathu?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba le mithambo-luvo yokukhanya ingonakaliswa. Oko kukuthi, kukho into ephazamisana nomyalezo ohamba ngemithambo-luvo yokukhanya uye ebuchotsheni. Makhe sijonge izizathu eziphambili:

• Ukunqongophala kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwi-optic nerve (Vascular/Ischemia): Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo . Njengakwilungu ngalinye lomzimba wethu, i-optic nerve nayo ifuna igazi ukuze isebenze. Ifumana ioksijini kunye nezondlo egazini. Ngoko ke ukuba oku kuhamba kwegazi kuphazamiseka, iiseli ze-nerve ziqala ukufa.
• Iimeko zokuzalwa okanye zelifa: Abanye abantu bazalwa benezi meko. Umzekelo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiLeber hereditary optic neuropathy inokubangela ukulahleka kokubona kwelinye iliso kuqala, ize ichaphazele elinye iliso.
• Uxinzelelo lwangaphandle/lwangaphakathi: Khawuthelekelele umhlaza wobuchopho ucinezela umthambo we-optic. Oko kungonakalisa nomthambo we-optic. Ngokufanayo, kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-glaucoma , uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso lunokwanda kwaye lonakalise umthambo we-optic.
• Ukudumba okubangelwa zezinye izifo okanye yimithambo-luvo ngokwayo: I-optic neuritis yenye yezizathu. Inokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne -hydrocephalus , eqokelelana ngolwelo engqondweni.
• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye iintsholongwane zingonakalisa nerve ye-optic. Umzekelo, izifo ezifana ne -syphilis kunye ne-masisi .
• Ukwenzakala/Ukwenzakala Kwamehlo: Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubethwe liliso yibhola ngelixa udlala ikhilikithi, okanye ukuba wonzakele kwingozi yemoto, kwanento efana nale ingonakalisa i-optic nerve kwaye ibangele le meko. Oku kuquka neengozi emsebenzini, ngexesha lokulwa.
• Izifo ze-retina: Iimeko ezifana ne -retinopathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile kunye nokuvaleka kwemithambo ye-retina nazo zinokuchaphazela i-optic nerve.
• Iityhefu, ukungabikho kokutya okunempilo, okanye amayeza: Le meko inokubangelwa kukutya iityhefu ezithile, ukunqongophala kwezondlo ezibalulekileyo ezifana neevithamini, okanye njengemiphumo emibi yamayeza athile. Ezi zizathu zihlala zichaphazela amehlo omabini.

Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?

Hayi, i-Optic Atrophy ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye . Nangona kunjalo, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezithile. Oko kukuthi, ukuba isifo siyasulela, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-optic atrophy ivele ngenxa yoko. Nazi ezinye izifo ezinokubangela oku:

• I-Syphilis
• I-Mascus
• Isifo sephepha
• Iingqukuva
• Iqhwiqhwi
• Isifo seLyme
• I-Aspergillosis (ingakumbi kubantu abane-immunodeficiency)
• I-Cryptococcosis (ingakumbi kubantu abane-immunocompromised immunocompromised)

Iyintoni ingozi yale meko? Okanye ziziphi iingxaki ezibangelwa yile meko?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, umonakalo kwi-optic nerve obangelwa yi-optic atrophy udla ngokuba nzima kakhulu ukuwuguqula, oko kukuthi, ukuwunyanga . Leyo yeyona ngxaki inkulu apha. Eyona nto iphambili enokwenzeka kukuba umbono uyehla kancinci kancinci, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ulahlekelwe ngokupheleleyo kukubona, oko kukuthi, ubumfama.

Khumbula: Ukuba ulahlekelwa kukubona ngenxa yesi simo, kunzima kakhulu ukuphinda ubone kwakhona. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu.

Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto kanye kanye?

Ukuba ufumana naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungakhululeki ekuboneni kwakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wamehlo . Ugqirha uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifanayo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Angabuza nangokutya, amayeza kunye neevithamini ozithathayo. Emva koko, uza kuhlola amehlo akho ngononophelo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ngaphakathi kweliso lakho esebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-ophthalmoscope . Xa ujonga ngaphakathi kweliso lomntu one-optic atrophy, i-optic disc isenokubonakala imhlophe okanye inombala omdaka . Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli zemithambo-luvo zonakele kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kuzo kuyancipha.

Ugqirha angenza nezinye iimvavanyo ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela esi sifo (umzekelo, umhlaza wobuchopho okanye isifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo, esifana ne-"Multiple Sclerosis"). Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Oku kungabona ubukhulu beengqimba ze-optic nerve kunye ne-retina.
• Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo: Uvavanyo olulinganisa ukuba ungabona umgama ongakanani okungqongileyo.
• Iskeni yeMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Ingathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yobuchopho kunye ne-optic nerve.
• I-Fluorescein angiography: Uvavanyo lokujonga imeko yemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukufumanisa izinto ezifana nosulelo kunye nokungabikho kokutya okunempilo.

Zithini iindlela zokunyanga oku? Ngaba kunokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lokubola kwamehlo . Oku kuthetha ukuba kunzima ukubuyisela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezonakeleyo. Yiyo loo nto sisoloko sisithi nyamekela amehlo akho, uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo, kwaye ubone ugqirha ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho.

Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bazama ukufumana unobangela wale meko baze bayinyange . Ngokwenza njalo, bazama ukuyeka okanye ukunciphisa umonakalo ongakumbi kwi-optic nerve. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba oku kungenxa yethumba lobuchopho, utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze kususwe ithumba.
• Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluqokelelene engqondweni (iHydrocephalus), kukho iindlela zokususa olo lwelo.
• Kwimeko yeglaucoma, amayeza anokunikwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo.
• Ukuba kungenxa yosulelo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokunikwa.

Ngaba singakuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kunzima kuthi ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo i-Optic Atrophy. Kuba uninzi lwezinto ezibangela oku zingaphaya kwamandla ethu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wethu. Umzekelo:

• Ukunxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko ukuze uphephe ukwenzakala kwamehlo: Lumka ngakumbi xa usenza izinto ezifana nomsebenzi wesinyithi, umsebenzi wokhuni, kunye nokudlala imidlalo.
• Ukufumana imigonyo efunekayo ngexesha: Oku kunceda ekukhuseleni kwiintsholongwane ezifana ne-masisi.
• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo: Ziphephe izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezifana ne-syphilis.
• Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle.

Ukuba ndinayo le meko, kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwixesha elizayo?

Ikamva lomntu onesi sifo, oko kukuthi, ukuba umbono wakhe uza kuba njani , lixhomekeke kwinto ebangela oko .

• Ukuba oku kubangelwa kukudumba kwemithambo-luvo (i-optic neuritis), uninzi lwexesha, umbono uya kubuyela kwinqanaba elithile xa ukudumba kuphelile.
• Ukuba i-optic nerve yonakele ngesinye isizathu (i-optic neuropathy), umbono usenokungaphucuki.
• Ukuba i-glaucoma ifunyaniswa kwaye inyangwa ngokukhawuleza ,, ukuwohloka okungakumbi kombono kunokulawulwa.
• Ukuba yinto efana nethumba lobuchopho, ukuba lichongiwe kwaye linyangwa ngokukhawuleza , uxinzelelo kwi-optic nerve lunokuncipha kwaye umonakalo ongakumbi unokuthintelwa.

Ukuba umbono wakho awuboni kakuhle, ungalahli ithemba . Thetha nogqirha wakho ubuze ngezinto ezikunceda ubone kancinci . Kukho izinto ezifana neelensi ezikhethekileyo, iiglasi zokukhulisa, kunye nesoftware yokufunda umbhalo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha ngale nto?

Kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo , ingakumbi ukuba unezinye iingxaki zamehlo. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Naluphi na utshintsho embonweni (umz., ukufiphala, ukulahleka kokucaca)
• Ukuba unengxaki yokubona imibala
• Ukuba uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa ngumbono wakho

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa kukubona okanye uva iintlungu ezinkulu zamehlo, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko . Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zeengxaki ezinkulu zamehlo.

Zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ndizibuze ugqirha ngale nto?

Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi omawuyibuze ugqirha wakho ngale nto. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yiza nomhlobo okanye ilungu losapho. Yenza uluhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza uze uphathe incwadi yokubhala iimpendulo zakho. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo omawuyibuze:

• Yintoni ebangela i-optic atrophy yam?
• Ziziphi iindlela endinokukhetha kuzo zokunyanga loo nto?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezo ndlela zonyango?
• Ingaba le meko ibangelwa lilifa?
• Ingaba kufanelekile ukuba usapho lwam lwenze uvavanyo lwemfuza?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimvavanyo zeklinikhi endinokuthi ndithathe inxaxheba kuzo?
• Ngaba ungasinika ulwazi malunga namaqela enkxaso anceda abantu abakule meko?
• Zeziphi izixhobo zokunceda ezingaboni kakuhle ondicebisa ukuba ndizisebenzise?

Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokonakala kwemithambo-luvo yamehlo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho wamehlo rhoqo. Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo yamehlo kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona, kwaye kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwindlela ophila ngayo. Khumbula, oogqirha bakho ngamaqabane akho angcono ekukuncedeni uhlale usempilweni. Nangona esi sisifo esibi kakhulu, kukho iindlela zokufumana uncedo olufunayo.

Ngoko ke, nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya):

• I-optic atrophy yimeko embi kakhulu eyonakalisa i-optic nerve, ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kweliso nengqondo, kwaye iphazamise ukubona.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokubona okufipheleyo, ukubona okuphantsi kwe-peripheral, okanye ubunzima bokubona imibala , musa ukuzityeshela.
• Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku; ukwehla kokuhamba kwegazi, uxinzelelo, ukudumba, usulelo, kunye neengozi zezinye zezizathu ezimbalwa.
• Le meko ayosuleli , kodwa inokubangelwa zizifo ezithile ezisulelayo.
• Okwangoku akukho nyango lupheleleyo loku. Unyango lujoliswe kwisizathu esiyintloko, ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo kwangethuba uze uqale unyango. Ngoko ke, jonga amehlo akho rhoqo.
• Kukho izixhobo kunye neenkonzo ezinokunceda abantu abangaboni kakuhle. Musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.

Luxanduva lwakho ukunyamekela amehlo akho, kuba angomnye wemithombo exabisekileyo esinayo yokubona ihlabathi.