Sonke siyaphefumla singena siphuma. Kwenzeka singazi. Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ioksijini esiyiphefumlayo ingena njani egazini elijikeleza emizimbeni yethu? Yintoni edibanisa intliziyo nemiphunga? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lomthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu odibanisa loo mxube. Loo mthambo wemiphunga , okanye njengoko siwubiza njalo kwezonyango (i-Pulmonary Arteries) .
Zithini ezi mithambo yegazi yemiphunga?
Ngamafutshane, umthambo wemiphunga ngumthombo wegazi othwala igazi eliphelelwe yioksijini ukusuka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo yakho ukuya emiphungeni yakho . Kwizonyango, igama elithi "pulmonary" lisetyenziswa ukubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na into enxulumene nemiphunga.
Une-pulmonary artery enye ephambili. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-pulmonary trunk . Iqhagamshelwe ngqo entliziyweni yi -valve ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary valve . Le valve ifana nomnyango. Ilawula ukuhamba kwegazi eliphuma kwi-ventricle yasekunene yentliziyo. Emva kokuphuma entliziyweni, le artery iphambili yahlulwe ibe mibini, i-pulmonary arteries yasekunene neyasekhohlo. Njengoko igama lisitsho, i-right artery iya kwi-right lung, kwaye i-left artery iya kwi-left lung.
Usenokuba ukhe weva ugqirha wakho ebiza umthambo wemiphunga ngokuthi “umthambo omkhulu.” Kungenxa yokuba ngomnye wemithambo yegazi ephambili entliziyweni. Ngamnye wale mithambo mikhulu uqhagamshela kwenye yamagumbi amane entliziyo kwaye uthwala igazi ukuya nokubuya entliziyweni.
Khumbula, umthambo wemiphunga lolona hlobo lomthambo emzimbeni wakho oluthwala igazi elingenaoksijini. Zonke ezinye imithambo zithwala igazi elineoksijini.
Zisebenza njani ezi zinto kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi? - Masizijonge inyathelo ngenyathelo
Imithambo yemiphunga idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngokukodwa, iyinxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-pulmonary circuit . Le circuit ithwala igazi phakathi kwentliziyo nemiphunga. Kufana nomdlalo weqela. Makhe sibone ukuba eli qela lisebenza njani.
Le nkqubo ingaqondwa ngokucacileyo kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Amanyathelo | Inkqubo eyenzekayo |
|---|---|
| 1. I-Ventricle yasekunene | Eli gumbi lisezantsi lasekunene lentliziyo limpompa igazi elingenaoksijini lisuka kuwo wonke umzimba ngevalvu yemiphunga ukuya kumthambo oyintloko wemiphunga. |
| 2. Umthambo oPhambili wePulmonary | Oku kuphuma entliziyweni kwaye kwahlulwe kube yimithambo yemiphunga yasekunene neyasekhohlo. |
| 3. Imithambo yemiphunga yasekunene neyasekhohlo | Le mithambo mibini ithwala igazi iye emiphungeni yayo. Ngaphakathi emiphungeni, le mithambo ihlukana ibe yimithambo yegazi emincinci. Ekugqibeleni ifikelela kwi-capillaries ejikeleze iingxowa zomoya (i-alveoli). |
| 4. Imiphunga | Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona eyona nto ibalulekileyo. I-carbon dioxide, inkunkuma esegazini, iyakhutshwa, kwaye ioksijini entsha, esiyifumanayo xa siphefumla, yongezwa egazini. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-gas exchange . |
| 5. Imithambo Yemiphunga | Ezi zenza okwahlukileyo koko kwenziwa yimithambo yemiphunga. Oko kukuthi, ziqokelela igazi elifakwe ioksijini emiphungeni lize liyibuyisele entliziyweni. Eli gazi liza kwi-atrium yasekhohlo yentliziyo. |
| 6. I-Atrium yasekhohlo kunye neVentricle yasekhohlo | Eli gazi lizele yioksijini, elingena kwi-atrium yasekhohlo, emva koko lithunyelwa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. I-ventricle yasekhohlo, igumbi elomeleleyo entliziyweni, limpompa eli gazi licocekileyo kwi-aorta. |
| 7. I-Aorta kunye nomzimba | Imithambo emikhulu ithwala eli gazi ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu yomzimba ukuya kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba. Silibiza ngokubaOku kubizwa ngokuba yi-systemic circuit. Emva koko igazi eline-oxygen libuyela kwi-atrium yasekunene yentliziyo, kwaye umjikelo uqala kwakhona. |
Iphi i-pulmonary artery? Ingakanani i-pulmonary artery?
Ezi zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwesifuba sakho. Isiqu esiphambili semiphunga sinamathele kwi-ventricle yasekunene, ngaphambili kwentliziyo. Ukusuka apho, sinyuka siye kwi-aorta ngasekhohlo. Emva koko sahlukana sibe yimithambo yemiphunga yasekunene neyasekhohlo size siye emiphungeni.
Umthambo ophambili wemiphunga udla ngokuba malunga neesentimitha ezi-5 ubude. Ububanzi bawo bumalunga neesentimitha eziyi-2.7 kwabasetyhini kunye neesentimitha eziyi-2.9 kumadoda.
Njengeminye imithambo yegazi, iindonga zale mithambo yegazi yemiphunga zenziwe ngamaleya amathathu:
- (I-Tunica intima): Umaleko ongaphakathi othambileyo.
- (Tunica media): Umaleko ophakathi wezihlunu otyhala igazi.
- (Tunica adventitia): Umaleko ongaphandle okhuselayo.
Zeziphi izifo ezichaphazela le mithambo yegazi?
Iingxaki eziphambili ezichaphazela imithambo yemiphunga ziziphene zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo . Ezi zezo zikhoyo ekuzalweni. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka `(Double outlet right ventricle)`, `(Patent ductus arteriosus)`, `(Pulmonary atresia)`, `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` kunye `(Transposition of the great arteries)`.
Ukongeza, kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokuvela emva kokuba umntu emdala. Ezona ziphambili zezi:
- I-Pulmonary embolism: Ihlwili legazi elenzeka kwaye lihlale kumthambo okwimiphunga. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimiphunga: Ukunyuka kakhulu koxinzelelo lwegazi kwimithambo yegazi yemiphunga.
- Iziphumo zezinye izifo: Izifo ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga (COPD), kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuphefumula xa umntu elele nazo zinokuchaphazela le mithambo yegazi.
Ndingayigcina njani intliziyo yam kunye nale mithambo isempilweni?
Nangona singenakuthintela izifo esizalwa nazo, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kwizifo ezikhula kamva ebomini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezibangela izifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphaphu.
- Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD)
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
Ukuba unale meko, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukongeza, yenza ezi zinto ukuze ugcine impilo yentliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi iphelele:
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.Yeka ukutshaya icuba, i-vaping, okanye nayiphi na enye imveliso yecuba. Cela uncedo kugqirha wakho.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Yitya iziqhamo nemifuno emininzi.
- Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. Yenza into efana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni.
- Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu, zilawule kakuhle.
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka zikukhuthaze ukuba ubone ugqirha?
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba uphumle okanye usenza imisebenzi emincinci. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana | Ukuziva uxinene kwaye uxinekile esifubeni. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka | Ukuziva ngequbuliso unesizungu okanye uphelelwe ngamandla. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia) | Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ivakala ngathi iyatsiba. |
| Imilebe okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Kusenokuba luphawu lokuba ioksijini incinci egazini. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, okanye isisu (i-edema) | Uphawu lokuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni. |
| Ukukhohlela igazi | Ukukhohlela igazi nge-phlegm. Le yingxamiseko enkulu kakhulu. Yiya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko. |
Imithambo yethu yemiphunga ibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bethu, nangona ingabonakali emehlweni, kwaye isebenza buthule ubomi bethu umzuzwana ngamnye. Ukufunda ngendlela esebenza ngayo kunye nezifo ezichaphazelayo kuya kwandisa ukuqonda kwethu imizimba yethu. Kukwangumthwalo wakho ukwamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokukhusela le mithambo yegazi ixabisekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imithambo yegazi yepulmonary yimithambo yegazi ekhethekileyo ethwala igazi elingenaoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni yakho ukuya emiphungeni yakho.
- Olu lolona hlobo lomthambo kuphela oluthwala igazi elingenaoksijini emzimbeni wakho.
- Uninzi lwezifo ezichaphazela le mithambo yegazi zizalwa nazo, kodwa kukwakho nezifo ezikhula xa umntu emdala, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphaphu.
- Ungayigcina intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi isempilweni ngokuphepha ukutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, nokulawula izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuquleka, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
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