Yintoni i-brainstem? Ibaluleke kangakanani ebomini bethu?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba unokuphefumla njani, intliziyo yakho ibetha njani ngokwendalo, amehlo akho ahamba njani apha naphaya nokuba ujonge into ethile ngaphandle komzamo okanye ukuqonda? Kukho inxalenye encinci, kodwa enamandla kakhulu, nebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi entlokweni yethu elawula konke oku. Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Yiyo leyo i-brainstem . Ukuchaneka, oku kufana nebhulorho edibanisa ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo.

Yintoni i-brainstem? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-brainstem yakho yindawo apho ingqondo yakho iqhagamshela khona nomqolo wakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, ikwindawo esezantsi kwengqondo yakho, ngasemva kwentloko yakho. Cinga ngayo njengesiqu, eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yentyatyambo, esidibanisa intyatyambo nomthi. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"brainstem".

Le yinxalenye yenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ephakathi . Ineenxalenye ezintathu eziphambili, zonke ezisebenzisanayo. Inxalenye nganye inomsebenzi othile. Ezi zezona zikunika amandla okuziqhelanisa nendawo ekungqongileyo, ukuhamba, nokwenza izinto. Okubaluleke kakhulu, le ngqokelela incinci ilawula izinto ongenakucinga ngazo, izinto ezenzeka ngokwendalo, njengokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo, ezibalulekileyo ebomini. Ukongeza, inceda kwizinto ezinje ngokulinganisela kwakho, ukulungelelanisa iintshukumo zomzimba, kunye nokusabela.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili ye-brainstem? Kutheni ibaluleke kangaka?

I-brainstem ifana nesikhungo semiyalezo emzimbeni wethu. Yiyo ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kwengqondo yakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke. Kwaye, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ilawula izinto ezininzi ezenzeka ngokwendalo, ngaphandle kokuba ucinge ngazo. Khawucinge ukuba bekuya kuba nzima kangakanani ukuba ubunokucinga ngezi zinto?

Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ezenzeka ngokwendalo kwaye zilawulwa yi-brainstem:

• Ukulinganisela: Kukunceda ukuba ungawi xa uhamba, ubaleka, okanye umi kwindawo enye.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi: Lunceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lomzimba lukwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.
• Ukuphefumla: Silawula ukuphefumla kwethu singazi.
• Iintshukumo zamehlo: Zilawula indlela esijonge ngayo kunye nentshukumo yamehlo ethu.
• Iintshukumo zobuso kunye neemvakalelo: Intshukumo yezihlunu zobuso xa uncuma kwaye uthetha, kunye nokudluliselwa kweemvakalelo zobuso engqondweni.
• Ukuva: Kusinceda siqonde oko sikuvayo ngokukuthumela engqondweni.
• Isantya sentliziyo: Isantya esibetha ngaso intliziyo silawulwa njengoko kufuneka.
• Ukulala nokuvuka: Kulawula izinto ezifana nokusilalisa nokusivusa.
• Ukuginya: Kulawula ukuginya ukutya nokusela.
• Incasa: Incasa yolwimi ithwalwa isiwe engqondweni.

Jonga ukuba le nxalenye incinci inokwenza umsebenzi ongakanani!

Zithini ii-brainstem reflexes? Zisebenza njani?

Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi "reflexes. " I-Brainstem reflexes ziimpendulo zomzimba wakho ezikhawulezileyo nezingaziyo kutshintsho olukwindawo okuyo. Zenzeka ngaphandle kokuba ucinge ngazo, kuba i-brainstem yakho ikunika imiyalelo emzimbeni wakho ngokuzenzekelayo. Zikunceda uzikhusele kwaye usinde.

Nazi ezinye zeempendulo ezinjalo:

• Ii-cardiovascular reflexes: Ezi zezona zinto zilawula isantya sentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• I-Gag reflex: Oku kukhusela indlela yakho yomoya. Cinga ngako, yiyo le nto ibangela ukuba ukhohlele ukuba ukutya kubambeke emqaleni wakho .
• Ukuginya i-reflex: Yiyo le nto isusa ukutya nokusela emlonyeni ukuya esiswini.
• I-Pupillary light reflex: Inxalenye emnyama yeliso lakho (umfundi) iyancipha ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo kwaye iyanda ekukhanyeni okuncinci, akunjalo? Ilawulwa yile reflex.
• Ukugcina amehlo akho eqinile xa intloko yakho ishukuma (i-Vestibulo-ocular reflex): Oku kukunceda ukuba ugcine amehlo akho eqinile ngaphandle kokufiphala, nokuba ushukumisa intloko yakho.
• Ukusabela kokuphefumla: Oku kulawula izinto ezinje ngokuphefumla, ukukhohlela, nokuthimla.

Iphi i-brainstem? Zithini iindawo zayo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-brainstem ikwizantsi lobuchopho bakho, ngasemva kwentloko yakho. Kulapho ingqondo yakho iqhagamshelana khona nomqolo wakho.

I-brainstem yenziwe ziinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Ubuchopho Obuphakathi: Le yinxalenye ephezulu yesiseko sobuchopho. Inceda kakhulu kwizinto ezifana nokuhambisa amehlo nokuqonda oko sikubonayo nesikuvayo.

2. IiPons: Le ikwindawo ephakathi kwesiqu sobuchopho. Le nxalenye iququzelela iintshukumo zobuso nezamehlo, iimvakalelo zobuso, ukuva, kunye nokulinganisela.

3. I-Medulla oblongata: Le yinxalenye ye-brainstem elawula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yobomi, njengokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokuginya.

Ukongeza kwezi ndawo, i-`Reticular Activating System (RAS)` kwisiqu sobuchophoKukwakho nenethiwekhi ebaluleke kakhulu yeeseli zemithambo-luvo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Neurons", ezenziwe ziiseli zemithambo-luvo ezithwala imiqondiso yombane kunye neekhemikhali ngengqondo yethu. Kunye nenye inxalenye yengqondo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Thalamus" yakho, le "RAS" yiyo esigcina siphaphile (silumkile), isenza siqaphele indawo esikuyo, kwaye ilawula imijikelo yethu yokulala nokuvuka.

Ngaba singaphinda sifunde ngemithambo-luvo yentloko edibene ne-brainstem?

Ngaba ukhe weva nge-'Cranial Neves'? Le yimithambo eqala ngqo ebuchotsheni. Kukho ii-pairs ezili-12 zemithambo-luvo ye-cranial emzimbeni wethu. Ezili-10 kwezi zibini (oko kukuthi, ukusuka kowesithathu ukuya kowe-12) zifumaneka kwi-brainstem. Ezi mithambo-luvo zinceda kwiintshukumo zomzimba wethu, kwiimvakalelo (iimvakalelo), kwiincasa, kwiindlebe, njl.njl.

Ijongeka njani i-brainstem?

Isiqu sobuchopho sijongeka njengesiqu sentyatyambo okanye isiqu sesityalo. Sisakhiwo esimile okwetyhubhu. Senziwe ngezicubu zemithambo-luvo. Sidla ngokuba phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 (iisentimitha ezi-5 kunye nezi-7).

Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela i-brainstem?

Ngelishwa, iingozi nezifo ezahlukeneyo zingonakalisa i-brainstem. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:

• Amahlwili egazi
• Iithumba zobuchopho
• Usulelo/ukudumba kobuchopho `(i-Encephalitis)`
• Imyocardial infarction
• Istroke
• Ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngequbuliso
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (TBI)

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki ye-brainstem?

Ngenxa yokuba kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela i-brainstem, iimpawu zingahluka. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, iingxaki ze-brainstem zingabandakanya ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukungakwazi ukulinganisela okanye ukuziva unesizungu .
• Ukungakwazi ukukhupha umlomo okanye ukukhohlela nokuba kukho into ebambeke emqaleni.
• Ukungalali okanye utshintsho kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulala.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza .
• Intetho engaqondakaliyo .
• Iingxaki zokunyakaza kwamehlo .
• Iimpawu zestroke (umz., ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lobuso okanye lomzimba, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuthetha, utshintsho embonweni).
• Ubunzima obukhawulezileyo bokuginya, ukusela okanye ukutya.
• Iingxaki ngokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-autonomic nervous .
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo .

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-brainstem yonakele?

Ukuba i-brainstem yonakele nangayiphi na indlela, inokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu. Kuba sibonile ukuba zingaphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ezilawulwa yile nxalenye incinci. Ukuba yonakele, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukungakwazi ukuginya, ukukhohlela, okanye ukuphendula xa uziva ukrwitshwa.
• Ukudinwa okanye ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza (iVertigo).
• Ukuziva ungalungelelananga.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo.
• Ubunzima bokulala.
• Utshintsho engqondweni.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini kukubona izinto ngaxeshanye.
• Ubuthathaka kunye notshintsho kwiimvakalelo emzimbeni.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuva.
• Iingxaki ngokulungelelaniswa kweentshukumo zomzimba nokuhamba.

Umonakalo we-brainstem yimeko engxamisekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba i-brainstem yonakele, njengakwingozi enkulu yemoto, inokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-brainstem. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, intliziyo inokuma, umzimba ungakhubazeka, kwaye nokuba yi-coma inokubakho.

Iimeko ezininzi ezibandakanya i-brainstem zinokuba yingozi ebomini. Inkxaso yobomi ingafuneka. Ke ngoko, ukuba kukho norhano oluncinci lomonakalo we-brainstem, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni iBrainstem Death?

Ukufa kwe-Brainstem kukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kokusebenza kwe-brainstem. Oku kwenzeka xa i-brainstem yonakele ngokusisigxina, okanye xa igazi okanye i-oksijini ebuchotsheni inqanyulwa.

Isiqu sobuchopho silawula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yobomi. Ke ngoko, ukuba isiqu sobuchopho siyafa, ingqondo ayinakufunyanwa kwakhona. Inkxaso yobomi yokwenziwa iyafuneka ukuze iphile. Le meko ikwabizwa ngokuba kukufa kobuchopho .

Ngaba ungaphola emva kokwenzakala kwengqondo?

Ngenxa yokuba i-brainstem ilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba wethu, umonakalo kuyo unokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu bayachacha kwezinye iingxaki ze-brainstem.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ucinga ukuba unokwenzakele kwi-brainstem. Ukuba ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, oogqirha banokunciphisa ubunzima bomonakalo. Emva kokwenzakala kwi-brainstem, unokufuna unyango kunye nolunye unyango olukhethekileyo.

Ndingayijonga njani impilo ye-brainstem yam?

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuze babone ukuba kukho ingxaki na kwi-brainstem yakho.

• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):Oku kubuthathaka ngakumbi kune-"CT (Computed Tomography)" ukuze kufunyanwe iingxaki kwisiqu sobuchopho.
• `IiBrainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs):` Oku kunokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nomsebenzi we-brainstem.

Ukongeza, i-brainstem ilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo kunye ne-reflexes. Ngoko ke, xa ugqirha ekuxilonga, banokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nendlela yokuphefumla.
• Khanyisa amehlo akho uze ubone ukuba ubungakanani bendandatho emnyama buyatshintsha na.
• Ukukucela ukuba ushukumise amanye amalungu omzimba wakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba le nxalenye incinci yobuchopho bethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-brainstem , ekwisiseko sobuchopho bethu, ilawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo esingazicingiyo, kodwa ezibalulekileyo ebomini bethu, njengokuphefumla nokubetha kwentliziyo.

Oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwabanye abantu. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukwenzakala kwengqondo kunokunyangeka. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unyango ngoko nangoko. Uhambo oluya ekupholeni kwingozi efana nale lunokuba lude. Ngoko ke yiba nomonde kuwe. Fumana inkxaso kusapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye noogqirha. Bakho ukukunceda.

I- Brainstem, I-Brainstem, Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, Umsebenzi wobuchopho, Imisebenzi ezenzekelayo, ii-Reflexes, iingxaki zobuchopho