Masifunde ngevalvu ye-aorta entliziyweni yakho. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kukho iindawo ezincinci ezifana nesango entliziyweni yakho ezivuleka zize zivaleke ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokulawula ukuhamba kwegazi? Enye yeendawo ezibalulekileyo yi -aortic valve . Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale ndawo incinci, kodwa inamandla kakhulu yentliziyo yethu. Ungakhathazeki, ndiza kukuchazela ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.

Zithini iivalvu ezintliziyweni zethu?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi valve zentliziyo. Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Amagumbi amabini phezulu namagumbi amabini phantsi.

• Sibiza la magumbi mabini aphezulu ngokuthi ' atria' .
• Sibiza amagumbi amabini angaphantsi kwentliziyo ngokuthi zii-ventricles .

Ngoku, phakathi kwezi gumbi, phakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu ekhupha igazi entliziyweni, kukho iindawo ezisebenza njengeengcango. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba ziivalvu zentliziyo . Ezi valve zenziwe ngeeflaps ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba 'ziincwadana' okanye 'iicusps'. Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo ibetha, ezi flaps ziyavuleka kwaye zivaleke ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Oku kunceda ukugcina igazi lihamba kwicala elinye, njengeemoto ezisendleleni eziya kwicala elinye.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyenziwa yile valve ibizwa ngokuba yi-aortic?

Kulungile, le valve ye-aorta esithetha ngayo ngoku yenye yeevalvu ezine eziphambili entliziyweni yakho. Ikhethekile kakhulu. Uyazi ukuba yintoni? Lunxibelelwano oluphakathi kwegumbi eliphambili lokumpompa kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho, i-ventricle yasekhohlo , kunye nomthambo wegazi omkhulu othwala igazi elicocekileyo uye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho, i -aorta .

Ngamafutshane, ivalvu ye-aorta ifana nenja ekrelekrele yokulinda.

1. Iyavula : ivumela igazi elineoksijini ukuba lidlule kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo liye kwi-aorta.

2. Iyavala : Emva kokuba igazi lingene kwi-aorta, livala ngokukhawuleza. Kutheni livala? Ukuthintela igazi ukuba lingavuzi libuyele kwicala elingalunganga, oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwi-aorta ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Kufana nokucima impompo yamanzi.

Le valve ye-aortic yenye yeentlobo ezimbini zeevalvu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-" semilunar valves." Eli gama livela kwimo yeencwadana zeevalvu, ezifana nenyanga ecwebezelayo. Ayintle na?

Ivalvu ye-aorta isebenza njani nezinye iindawo zentliziyo?

Cinga ngale ndlela: Ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wethu kufana nenkqubo yeendlela ezintsonkothileyo. Ivalvu ye-aorta idlala indima enkulu ekugcineni le nkqubo isebenza kakuhle. Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo, ngendlela ehlelekileyo kakhulu:

• Inyathelo lokuqala: Icala lasekunene lentliziyo yakho liqokelela igazi elingenaoksijini (elikwabizwa ngokuba "ligazi elingcolileyo") elijikeleze umzimba wakho wonke lize lilipompe liye emiphungeni.
• Inyathelo lesibini: Emva koko, imiphunga yakho yongeza ioksijini entsha egazini, iyiguqule ibe "ligazi elicocekileyo," ize iyibuyisele kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.
• Inyathelo Lesithathu: Ngoku kuza umlinganiswa wethu ophambili, ivalvu ye-aorta.Iqala ukusebenza. Iyavuleka, ivumela eli gazi litsha, elineoksijini elivela kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo (oko kukuthi, i-ventricle yasekhohlo) ukuba lingene kwi-aorta.
• Inyathelo Lesine: Okokugqibela, i-aorta yakho ipompa eli gazi lityebileyo kwi-oksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke, ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni. Kulapho yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho ifumana i-oksijini eyidingayo ukuze iphile.

Uyaqonda na indlela emangalisayo ngayo loo nkqubo?

Iphi ivalvu ye-aorta? Yenziwe phi?

Ivalvu yakho ye-aortic ifumaneka, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, phakathi kwe -ventricle yasekhohlo kunye ne-aorta . Ukuchaneka, ukuba ujonga intliziyo yakho ngqo, ifumaneka embindini wentliziyo.

Le valve yenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu enziwe ngezinto eziqinileyo kodwa eziguquguqukayo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-collagen . Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba ziincwadana okanye ii-cusps. Kwintliziyo ephilileyo, la maphetshana mathathu asebenza ngokulungelelaniswa okugqibeleleyo:

• Ivula kakuhle xa kufuneka yophe.
• Ivala ngokuqinileyo xa kufuneka ukuze igazi lingaphumi kwakhona.

Yintoni iBicuspid Aortic Valve?

Ngokwesiqhelo, wonke umntu une-cusps ezintathu kwi-aortic valve yakhe. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu bazalwa bene-cusps ezimbini kuphela endaweni yezintathu. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-bicuspid aortic valve . Igama elithi 'bi' lithetha ezimbini. Ukuba ne-cusps ezimbini kuphela ngamanye amaxesha kunokunyusa umngcipheko weengxaki zokuhamba kwegazi kunye nezinye iingxaki zentliziyo. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onjalo.

Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela ivalvu ye-aorta?

Ngelishwa, ezinye iimeko zentliziyo zinokuchaphazela ivalvu yethu ebalulekileyo ye-aorta. Ezinye zizalwa nazo, oko kuthetha ukuba zikhona xa zizalwa. Ezinye zinokukhula kamva, mhlawumbi ngenxa yosulelo, umonakalo entliziyweni, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo , okanye utshintsho olwenzeka ngokuhamba kweminyaka.

Nazi ezinye zezona meko ziphambili:

• Ukubuyela kwevalvu ye-Aortic : Oku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ingavali kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi elithile elimpontshwe kwi-aorta liphinde livuze kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Kufana naxa ucango lungavali kakuhle, into ethile etyhalelwe ngaphandle ibuyela ngaphakathi. Oku kwenza intliziyo isebenze nzima.
• I-Aortic valve stenosis : Oku kwenzeka xa i-aortic valve incipha okanye ityebile. I-valve ayivuli kakuhle, nto leyo enciphisa inani legazi elinokugeleza kuyo. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalwayo embindini, nto leyo enciphisa inani lamanzi anokugeleza kuwo. Oku kukwabeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni.
• Ivalvu ye-aortic yeBicuspid(`Ivalvu ye-aortic yeBicuspid`): Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kukho iivalvu ezimbini kuphela. Le meko inokubangela `i-stenosis` okanye `i-regurgitation` ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• I-Endocarditis : Olu luhlobo losulelo olubi kakhulu. Kule meko, ulwelo lweevalvu zentliziyo kunye neegumbi (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-endocardium ) luyavuvukala, oko kuthetha ukuba luyadumba luze losuleleke. Ukuba oku akunyangeki ngokukhawuleza, iivalvu zinokonakala.

Yintoni le Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)?

Ngoku, khangela, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ivalvu ye-aortic yonakele kangangokuba ayilungiseki, okanye ukuba iba nzima njenge-stenosis, ivalvu kufuneka itshintshwe. Ngaphambili, olu yayiza kuba lutyando olukhulu, utyando oluvulekileyo. Yinto enkulu leyo.

Kodwa ngoku, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, kukho inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiTranscatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR). Ngamanye amaxesha ikwabizwa ngokuba yiTranscatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Olu luphuculo olumangalisayo ngokwenene.

Oku kuquka ukutshintsha ivalvu ngomngxuma omncinci, ngaphandle kokwenza umngxuma omkhulu. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo lonyango ukuba une- aortic valve stenosis , ingakumbi ukuba umdala okanye awukwazi ukunyamezela utyando olukhulu.

Nantsi indlela yokwenza oku, ngokutsho nje:

• Ugqirha ufaka i-catheter (ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo, engenanto) kwimithambo yegazi (umthambo okanye umthambo) emlenzeni wakho (ngesiqhelo kwimiqolo yakho) okanye esifubeni.
• Xa ujonga oomatshini be-X-ray abakhethekileyo, i-catheter ikhokelwa ngononophelo kwi-aortic valve yentliziyo.
• Ivalvu entsha yokwenziwa (le yivalvu yethishu efakwe kwisakhelo sesinyithi esikhethekileyo) ifakwa entliziyweni ngaloo catheter ize ibekwe endaweni yayo ngaphakathi kwevalvu endala, enesifo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa ibhaluni encinci ukufutha le valve intsha, okanye ezinye iivalvu zenzelwe ukuzifutha zona.
• Nje ukuba ivalvu entsha ibekwe endaweni yayo, i-catheter iyasuswa.

Le ndlela ithetha ukuba umntu angalali esibhedlele kancinci, angabi naxesha lokuchacha kakhulu, kwaye angabi nazibazi zinkulu. Le yinto entle kakhulu, akunjalo?

Singayigcina njani ivalvu yethu ye-aortic isempilweni?

Kaloku, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukugcina intliziyo yethu iphilile, kungekuphela nje kwiivalvu zentliziyo yethu. Ezi zizinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu esinokuzifaka kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla:

• Gcina ubunzima obufanelekileyo ngokohlobo lomzimba wakho, isini, kunye nobudala. Ukutyeba kakhulu ngumthwalo entliziyweni.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo okunentliziyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba:
• Nciphisa ityuwa (i-sodium).
• Nciphisa ukutya okuneswekile eninzi namafutha.
• Yongeza iziqhamo ezintsha, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo (ezifana nerayisi emdaka, i-buckwheat, kunye ne-oats) ekutyeni kwakho.
• Yitya iintlanzi (ingakumbi iintlanzi ezinamafutha ezifana nesalmon kunye ne-mackerel) kabini ukuya kathathu ngeveki.
• Zilolonge. Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe ngeveki. Ungenza izinto ezifana nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, ukudada, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile. Khetha into oyithandayo.
• Lawula uxinzelelo. Uxinzelelo oluninzi alulungelanga intliziyo. Nciphisa uxinzelelo ngeendlela ezisempilweni, ezinje ngokucamngca, ukwenza i-yoga, ukuzibandakanya kwinto oyithandayo, kunye nokuchitha ixesha nabahlobo kunye nosapho.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka namhlanje. Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zentliziyo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, zilawule kakuhle. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.

Ndimele ndibuze ntoni kugqirha wam malunga nevalvu yam ye-aortic?

Ukuba uneengxaki okanye iingxaki ngentliziyo yakho, ingakumbi i-aortic valve yakho, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukudinwa rhoqo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho uze uthethe ngayo. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokumbuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ndingazi njani ukuba iivalvu zentliziyo yam zisebenza kakuhle? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa ukujonga?
• Ukuba ndicinga ukuba ndinengxaki ngevalvu ye-aorta yam, yintoni enokubangela ukuba ndibe nengxaki?
• Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zam, zeziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze utyando lwe-aortic valve okanye into efana ne-TAVR?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kwindlela endiphila ngayo ukuze ndiphucule impilo yentliziyo yam?
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwam oye waba nesifo sentliziyo, ngaba nam ndisemngciphekweni?

Musa ukoyika, buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. Ugqirha ulapha ukukunceda.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizixubushileyo namhlanje, ndiyathemba ukuba ufumene ukuqonda okungcono nge-aortic valve.

Khumbula, ivalvu ye-aorta yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu neyimfuneko yentliziyo yakho. Lo gama nje isebenza kakuhle, ukuhamba kwegazi okunik’ ubomi emzimbeni wakho kulungile.

Liyinyaniso elokuba ezinye iimeko zentliziyo zinokuchaphazela ivalvu ye-aorta. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, uninzi lwezi meko zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokulungisa okanye ukutshintsha ivalvu ye-aorta, okanye inkqubo efana ne-TAVR.

Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ukuze uphucule impilo yentliziyo yakho. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yentliziyo yakho, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho, kulungile? Ukunyamekela intliziyo yakho sesinye sezipho ezinkulu onokuzinika zona!

Ivalvu ye - Aortic, ivalvu yentliziyo, intliziyo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, isifo sentliziyo, i-TAVR, impilo yentliziyo