Ngaba nawe uyafuna ukwazi ngovavanyo lwe-ANCA? Makhe sithethe ngalo ngokweenkcukacha!

Ngaba wakha weva nge `(uvavanyo lwe-ANCA)`? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze olu vavanyo, okanye mhlawumbi usandul' ukubona igama ndaweni ithile waza waba nomdla wokwazi. Ngoko ke, yintoni le `(uvavanyo lwe-ANCA)`? Ifuna ntoni kanye kanye? Kweli nqaku, siza kufumana iimpendulo zemibuzo enjalo onokuba unayo engqondweni.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-ANCA? Masiluqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, uvavanyo lwe-ANCA luvavanyo lwegazi oluthatha isampuli yegazi lakho luze lukhangele izinto ezithile ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies, okanye ii-ANCA ngamafutshane.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba, zeziphi ezi `(ANCA)`? `(ANCA)` luhlobo lwe `(autoantibodies)` . `(Autoantibodies)` luhlobo lweproteni eveliswa yinkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela (oko kukuthi, inkqubo esikhusela kwizifo). Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ngezi `(autoantibodies)` kukuba zihlasela ngempazamo iiseli eziphilileyo kunye nezicubu zomzimba wethu. Kufana nomkhosi wethu ohlasela ilizwe lethu.

Ezi `(ANCA)` zijolise ngokukodwa kwiiproteni ezifumaneka kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba yi`(neutrophils) . `(Neutrophils)` zifana namajoni amancinci emizimbeni yethu. Ngawo alwa neentsholongwane aze asincede sizikhusele kwizifo. Ngoko ke, olu `(uvavanyo lwe-ANCA)` lunokufumanisa ukuba unazo na ezi `(autoantibodies)` egazini lakho, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, zingaphi.

Loluphi uhlobo lwesifo olusetyenziswayo ukuvavanya i-ANCA?

Oogqirha basebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-ANCA ukunceda ekuxilongeni izifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba, ezikwiqela lezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-vasculitis .

Yintoni le `(vasculitis)`?

Khawucinge nje, kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, kukho izinto ezincinci ezifana neetyhubhu ezithwala igazi? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yegazi. Kule meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"vasculitis," okwenzekayo kukuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela le mithambo yegazi ize ibangele ukuba ivuvuke, oko kukuthi, idumbe . Kufana nesilonda sangaphakathi.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-vasculitis ezinxulumene ne-ANCA:

• `(I-Granulomatosis ene-polyangiitis)` (eyayisaziwa ngokuba yi-`(i-Wegener granulomatosis)`).
• `(I-Microscopic polyangiitis)` .
• I-granulomatosis ye-Eosinophilic ene-polyangiitis (eyayisaziwa ngokuba yi-Churg-Strauss syndrome).

Imithambo yegazi yileyo ithwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yethu liye kuzo zonke ezinye izitho kunye nezicubu. Ngoko ke, xa le mithambo yegazi ivuvukala, igazi alihambi kakuhle. Oku kungonakalisa izitho zethu ezibalulekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kukhokelela kwiimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi (i-aneurysm) . Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezo meko ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze (ANCA)?

Ewe, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili ze-ANCA. Olu vavanyo lwe-ANCA lunokubonisa ukuba unayo enye okanye zombini.

• `cANCA` : Oku kujolisa kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi`(proteinase 3)` okanye `(PR3)` .
• `pANCA` : Oku kujolisa kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi`(myeloperoxidase)` okanye `(MPO)` .

Zombini ezi ntlobo ze-`(protein)` zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(neutrophils)` ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Ukwazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-`(ANCA)` olukhoyo kunceda ugqirha ekuxilongeni isifo nasekucwangciseni unyango.

Ngubani owenza uvavanyo lwe-ANCA? Luvavanywa njani elabhoratri?

Ngokwesiqhelo, umongikazi, ugqirha, okanye ingcali yelabhoratri ithatha isampuli yegazi lakho, ize emva koko ithunyelwe kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwilebhu (`ilebhu`)?

Bathatha isampuli yegazi lakho baze bayixube nee-neutrophils kwislayidi. Ngoku, ukuba kukho ii-ANCA egazini lakho, ziya kunamathela kwii-neutrophils. Emva koko kongezwa idayi ekhethekileyo (ibala) kwislayidi. Emva koko, xa uyijonga phantsi kwe-microscope, unokubona ngokucacileyo ipateni yee-ANCA ezinamathele kwislayidi.

Ilebhu ichonga ezi seli njenge-cANCA (iphethini ye-cytoplasmic) okanye i-pANCA (iphethini ye-perinuclear) ngokusekelwe kwiphethini ethile ye-fluorescence ebonwa kwezi seli.

Ilabhoratri ingasebenzisa uhlobo olunye okanye ezimbini zovavanyo lwe-ANCA:

• `(Indirect immunofluorescence) (IIF)` : Olu vavanyo lukuxelela kuphela ukuba unazo ezo `(autoantibodies)` okanye awunazo. Oko kukuthi, isiphumo `(positive)` okanye `(negative)`.
• Uvavanyo lwe-immunosorbent oludityaniswe ne-enzyme (ELISA) : Le ndlela yovavanyo isetyenziselwa ukuchonga kanye kanye ukuba yintoni iproteni ekujoliswe kuyo (oko kukuthi i-PR3 okanye i-MPO) ngaphakathi kwee-neutrophils.

Ngaba kukho naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo olufunekayo ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-ANCA?

Uninzi lwexesha , akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo olufunekayo kuvavanyo lwe-ANCA. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezininzi zinokuvavanywa ngesampulu yegazi efanayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ezinye iimvavanyo zinokufuna ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12, oko kuthetha ukuba akufuneki utye okanye usele nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ethile ngale nto. Ngoko ungakhathazeki ngayo.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa usenza uvavanyo lwe-ANCA?

Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukutsalwa kwegazi lakho. Oku kwenziwa eofisini, eklinikhi, okanye elebhu. Nantsi indlela elitsalwa ngayo igazi:

• Okokuqala, i-tourniquet okanye ibhendi ibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo kwingalo yakho engasentla (ngaphezulu kwesisu sakho).
• Emva koko, ulusu apho igazi liza kutsalwa khona lucocwa nge-antiseptic.
• Okulandelayo, kufakwa inaliti emthanjeni kufutshane nengqiniba. Kule ndawo , ungaziva urhawuzelelwa okanye urhawuzelelwa kancinci . Oku kuqhelekile.
• Ityhubhu encinci incamatheliswa kwinaliti kwaye kuqokelelwa igazi elifunekayo.
• Emva koko, basusa iteyiphu kunye nenaliti, baze babambe indawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona ngekotoni ukuze bayeke ukopha.
• Ekugqibeleni, kufakwa ibhandeji elincinci (iplasta) kuloo ndawo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lwe-ANCA?

Ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi uza kukuxelela ukuba ugcine ibhandishi iiyure ezimbalwa. Basenokukuxelela nokuba ungazenzi umthambo onzima iiyure ezimbalwa emva kokunikela ngegazi. Ngaphandle koko, akukho nto ikhethekileyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngale nto (uvavanyo lwe-ANCA)?

Uvavanyo lwegazi lukhuselekile kakhulu kwaye iingozi ziphantsi kakhulu .

Usenokuba nemivumbo emincinci apho inaliti ifakwe khona. Oku kudla ngokuziphelela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Kunqabile kakhulu, umthambo ungadumba kancinci. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ii-compress ezifudumeleyo zinokunceda. Oku akunanto yakwenza nokukhathazeka.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ANCA?

Uvavanyo lwe-ANCA luvavanyo olukhethekileyo, ngoko ke lwenziwa kwilabhoratri ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ukuba iziphumo zibuye. Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa.

Zithetha ukuthini iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ANCA? Ndiyiqonda njani loo nto?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ugqirha wakho nguye oza kuthetha nawe ngeziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ANCA kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho.

• Ukuba iziphumo zithi ``negative``: Oku kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha ukuba awunayo imeko ethi ``autoimmune vasculitis``` ekuthethwe ngayo ngaphambili.
• Ukuba iziphumo zithi ``zilungile``: Kusenokuthetha ukuba une ``autoimmune vasculitis``.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha. Uvavanyo lwe-ANCA olubonisa ukuba unayo ayithethi ukuba unesifo ngokuzenzekelayo. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo , ezifana ne-biopsy (isampulu yezicubu ezithathiweyo ukuze zivavanywe), okanye ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi. Ukongeza, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka iimpawu zakho kunye neziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo.

Kubalulekile: Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-ANCA ziyinxalenye enye yenkqubo yokuxilonga. Ayichongi ukuba kukho isifo esithile ngokwaso. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela oku kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, njengeempawu zakho, iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo, kunye nembali yakho yezonyango.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule koku?

Uvavanyo lwe-"Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies", okanye "ANCA", luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwegazi olunceda oogqirha ukuba bafumanise iintlobo ezithile ze-"autoimmune vasculitis", iimeko apho amajoni ethu omzimba ahlasela imithambo yegazi yethu.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba kutheni kufuneka wenze olu vavanyo kunye nokuba iziphumo ziya kuthetha ntoni kuwe. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki okanye ukrokre. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye awuqondi nto, buza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kungcono ukuba nolwazi xa usenza izigqibo malunga nempilo yakho.

( Uvavanyo lwe-ANCA), uvavanyo lwe-ANCA, uvavanyo lwegazi, i-vasculitis, izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba, ii-antibodies, ii-neutrophils, ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi