Ngaba uyazi nge-'emergency center' encinci emzimbeni wakho? (Adrenal Medulla) - Masithethe ngale nto!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngelungu elimangalisayo nelibaluleke kakhulu lomzimba wethu. Lifana 'neziko lolawulo olungxamisekileyo' emzimbeni wethu. Silibiza ngokuba yi-"Adrenal Medulla". Usenokuba awukaze uve ngeli gama ngaphambili, kodwa umsebenzi eliwenzayo ubaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba liyintoni, lisebenza njani, kwaye lisenza ntoni kuthi.

Yintoni le `(Adrenal Medulla)`?

Ngamafutshane, i-`(Adrenal Medulla)` yinxalenye encinci engaphakathi kwe-`(Adrenal Gland)` yakho, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba yi-adrenal gland ngesiSinhala. Khawuthelekelele, le adrenal gland ifana nomnqwazi omncinci ongunxantathu ngaphezu kwezintso zakho ezimbini. Unezintso ezimbini, ngaphantsi kancinci kwembambo. La ma-adrenal glands mabini afumaneka ngaphezu kwezo zintso zimbini. Le adrenal gland yenziwe ngamalungu amabini aphambili. Inxalenye enkulu engaphandle ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Adrenal Cortex)`. I-`(Adrenal Medulla)` esithetha ngayo namhlanje yinxalenye encinci engaphakathi. Ke, le `(Adrenal Medulla)` kulapho kukhululwa khona iihomoni ezibalulekileyo ezilawula inkqubo yethu ye-autonomic nervous system `(Autonomic nervous system)`. Uyazi ukuba yintoni le nkqubo ye-autonomic nervous system? Yileyo ilawula izinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuba sicinge ngayo. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, ukuphefumla , kunye nokubila.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-`(Adrenal Medulla)`? Eyona ndima ibalulekileyo!

Umsebenzi ophambili wale `(Adrenal Medulla)` kukulungiselela imizimba yethu ukuba ijongane nongxamiseko, okanye oko sikubiza ngokuba luxinzelelo . Oku kwenzeka ngokukhupha iqela elikhethekileyo leehomoni, ezizezi `(Catecholamines)`. Ngaba ukhe weva nge `(Adrenaline)` kunye ne `(Noradrenaline)`? (Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi `(Epinephrine)` kunye ne `(Norepinephrine)`. Ezo homoni zimbini zezeqela le `(Catecholamines)`. Khawuthelekelele uhamba esitalatweni kwaye ngequbuliso inja iza ikusukela. Emva koko loo mvakalelo yokubetha kwentliziyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukuziva ubanda, umnqweno wokubaleka - yiza, konke oko kwenzeka kwimizuzwana embalwa ngenxa yeehomoni ezivela kule `(Adrenal Medulla)`. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi `(Fight-or-fly response)`. Oko kukuthi, impendulo elungiselela umzimba ukuba 'ulwe okanye ubaleke' . Oku kungenxa yempendulo:

• Nokuba unokwenzakala, uziva iintlungu zingaphi ngelo xesha.
• Amandla akho kunye nesantya sakho ziya kwanda ngequbuliso.
• Ingqwalasela kwindalo iyanda kakhulu .

Yintoni indima ye-`(Adrenaline)`?

Ihomoni ethi ``Adrenaline`` ikhutshwa kwi ``Adrenal Medulla`` xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini ehla okanye ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Inceda umzimba ukuba ujongane neengxamiseko ngeendlela ezilandelayo:

• Ithumela ioksijini engaphezulu kwimisipha.
• Iyanyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo .
• Iyandisa imithambo yegazi emincinci.

Kwenzeka ntoni nge-`(Noradrenaline)`?

Le hormone ikwanceda umzimba ukuba ukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo. Nantsi indlela yokwenza oku:

• Iyanyusa amanqanaba eswekile egazini .
• Imithambo yegazi iyancipha (eminye yayo).
• Inyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ayipheleli apho, `(Norepinephrine)` (oko kukuthi `(Noradrenaline)` ngokwayo) ikwayenza izinto ezifana nezi:

• Inceda ukugcina iinkumbulo engqondweni.
• Ikunceda uvuke kusasa.
• Yandisa ingqalelo kunye nokulungelelaniswa.
• Ikwaxhasa impilo yengqondo.

Yintoni isakhiwo se-`(Adrenal Medulla)`?

Oku kungokwesayensi kancinci, kodwa masizame ukukuqonda ngokulula.

• Ukunikezelwa kwegazi : Ekubeni i-adrenal medulla ikhupha iihomoni, ifuna ukunikezelwa kwegazi okulungileyo. Ifumana igazi kumasebe emithambo yegazi emikhulu efana ne-inferior phrenic artery, i-renal artery, kunye ne-abdominal aorta.
• Ukunikezelwa kwemithambo-luvo: Imithambo-luvo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Greater splanchnic nerve)` inceda i-`(Adrenal Medulla)` ukuba inxibelelane nomzimba wonke. Le mithambo-luvo iphantsi kwe-`(Autonomic nervous system)` esiyixubushileyo ngaphambili.
• `(Iiseli zeChromaffin)`: Ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli ezifumaneka kwi`(Adrenal Medulla)`. Ezi seli ziqulathe iigranules ezincinci`(iigranules). Xa kuvela isignali yongxamiseko evela kwi`(Splanchnic nerve)`, ezi`(iiseli zeChromaffin)` zikhupha iigranules zazo. Emva koko iihormone`( Adrenaline )` kunye`(Noradrenaline)` zongezwa egazini.

Zeziphi izifo ezichaphazela i-`(Adrenal Medulla)`?

Iimeko ezichaphazela i-adrenal medulla zihlala zinqabile , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba yingozi ebomini. Uninzi lwezi meko zii-adrenal tumors. Uninzi lwale mivumbo ayinobungozi, oko kuthetha ukuba ayingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zinokwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mivumbo zinokuzuzwa njengelifa. Ezinye zeentlobo zeemivumbo ezinokukhula kwi-adrenal medulla zezi:

• I-Ganglioneuroma: Le yithumba elinokuvela kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Livela kwiiseli zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo.
• I-Neuroblastoma: Lo ngumhlaza okhula kwizicubu zemithambo-luvo. Uqheleke kakhulu ebantwaneni. Ungakhula esiswini, esifubeni, okanye nasemgogodleni.
• I-Paraganglioma: Le yithumba elivela kwizicubu ze-chromaffin ze-adrenal glands. Linokuvela kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba kwaye lichaphazele iindawo ezifana namalungu, intloko, intamo, kunye nesisu.
• `(Pheochromocytoma)`: Le thumba ichaphazela ukukhululwa kweehomoni ze`(Epinephrine)` kunye ne`( Norepinephrine )`. Le meko inokubangela ukunyuka okungalindelekanga nokuyingozi koxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi`(Hypertensive crisis)`.

Zithini iimpawu zeAdrenal Medulla Cysts?

Ezi thumba zihlala zikhula kancinci kakhulu . Ngoko ke usenokungaziboni iimpawu ekuqaleni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zifunyanwa ngengozi, ngexesha lophando lwemifanekiso olwenziwe ngesizathu esinye. (Zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-adrenal incidenticalomas.) Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuvela iimpawu ze-adrenal medulla tumor, zinokuchaphazela ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi (umz. uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu )
• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya (umz. iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu)
• Inkqubo yeemvakalelo (umz., intloko ebuhlungu, ukubila)
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla (umz., ubunzima bokuphefumla)
• Inkqubo yomchamo

Zithini iimpawu ze-"hypertensive crisis"?

`(Ingxaki yeHypertensive)`, oko kukuthi, ukunyuka okuyingozi koxinzelelo lwegazi, kunokwenzeka ukuba iihomoni ezikhutshwa yi`(Adrenal Medulla)` azinakulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo nokuba `(uxinzelelo oluncinci). Khawucinge nje, nokuba yinto elula njengokugoba phambili okanye ukutya ukutya okuthile inokubangela ezi mpawu:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo (i-Hyperhidrosis)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• I-Syncope
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Isifo sokuwa (umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wombane engqondweni)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)

Kubalulekile: Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, isenokuba yimeko efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ngaba kukho ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela i-`(Adrenal Medulla)`?

Ewe, ukuba eli nqanaba le-hormone liphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga, linokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo. Umzekelo:

• Umlutha
• Ixhala
• Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukunikel’ ingqalelo (ADHD)
• Uxinzelelo
• Ingxaki yovalo
• Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD)

Ezi hormone azizizo zodwa ezibangela ezi meko, kodwa ukungalingani kwezi hormone kunokubangela ukuba zibe negalelo kuzo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo ze-`(Adrenal Medulla)`?

Uhlobo lonyango olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwisifo sakho kunye nobunzima beempawu zakho. Unyango lungabandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-`(Ingxaki ye-Hypertensive)`: Unyango olungxamisekileyo luyafuneka ukuze kwehliswe uxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku kungenziwa ngamayeza anjenge-`(Vasodilators).` La mayeza ayandisa ngokukhawuleza imithambo yegazi exineneyo.
• Unyango lwee-tumor kunye nomhlaza:Ii-cysts zidla ngokufuna utyando. Ugqirha wotyando kunokufuneka asuse i-adrenal gland enye okanye zombini. Ii-cysts ezinomhlaza zinokufuna unyango lwe-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy.

Ndingayigcina njani i-`(Adrenal Medulla)` yam isempilweni?

Ngokuzinyamekela kakuhle, ungagcina ii-adrenal glands zakho, okanye i-adrenal medulla, zisebenza kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokunceda koku:

• Phila ubomi obusebenzayo: Zilolonge rhoqo . Ukuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nako kulungile.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Yitya imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Nciphisa ukutya okunencasa, okunamafutha.
• Sela amanzi acocekileyo amaninzi: Zama ukusela ubuncinane iiglasi ezisi-8 zamanzi ngosuku.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu kunye nokucamngca kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Fumana indlela esebenza kuwe.
• Fumana ukhathalelo lokuthintela: Fumana (physical exams) rhoqo ukuze ukwazi ukubona naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Iihormone eziveliswa yi-adrenal medulla yakho zilawula indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, okanye uxinzelelo. Ezi hormone zikunika amandla okusinda kwiimeko eziyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba la manqanaba eehormone aphakama ngendlela engaqhelekanga, anokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo, ezinye zazo ezinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uloyiko malunga nethumba le-adrenal medulla, ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye ukunyuka kwamahomoni, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka udibane nogqirha we-endocrinologist. Emva koko uya kwazi kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo kwizinto ezininzi ngoku.