Ubuzazi ezi zinto malunga neendlala zamathe emilonyeni yethu?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba amathe asemlonyeni wethu enziwa njani kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kuwo? Enyanisweni, la mathe ayiyonto nje. Adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yemizimba yethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngamadlala amangalisayo avelisa la mathe, abizwa ngokuba yi-`(Salivary Glands)`.

Zithini ii-salivary glands emlonyeni?

Ngamafutshane, amathe anjengeefektri ezincinci ezivelisa kwaye zikhuphe amathe (esidla ngokuwabiza ngokuba 'ngamathe') emlonyeni wethu. Amathe ashiya la mathe ngemibhobho emincinci (esiwabiza ngokuba 'yimibhobho'). La mathe agcina imilomo nemiqala yethu imanzi, asinceda siginye ukutya, anceda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kwaye akhusela amazinyo ethu kwiintsholongwane ezibangela ukubola kwamazinyo. Khawucinge ngendlela umlomo wethu omile ngayo kwaye kube nzima kangakanani ukuginya ukutya ngaphandle kwawo!

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zee-salivary glands emlonyeni wethu?

Kukho iipere ezintathu zee-salivary glands ezinkulu emilonyeni yethu, oko kuthetha ukuba zifumaneka kumacala omabini.

• Ii-sublingual glands: Ezi zifumaneka phantsi kolwimi lwakho, kumacala omabini omlomo wakho. Ukuba uphakamisa ulwimi lwakho phezulu, uya kuziva umanzi apho. Kulapho amathe avela kwezi glands aqokelelana khona emlonyeni wakho.
• Ii-submandibular glands: Ezi zifumaneka phantsi komhlathi wakho. Ezi glands zenziwe ngee-lobes ezimbini: i-superficial lobe kunye ne-deep lobe. Njengee-salivary glands, amathe akhiqizwa zezi glands angena emlonyeni phantsi kolwimi.
• Ii-Parotid glands: Ezi zezona glands zethu zinkulu zamathe. Zifumaneka phambi kweendlebe zakho, kwindawo yesihlathi. Njengee-submandibular glands, ezi glands ze-parotid zineendawo ezimbini: inxalenye engaphezulu kunye nenxalenye enzulu. I-saliva evela kwezi glands ingena emlonyeni ngemibhobho emincinci kufutshane namazinyo (ingakumbi i-molars ) kumhlathi ongaphezulu.

Zeziphi iingenelo ezisinikwa ngamadlala amathe?

Umsebenzi ophambili we-salivary glands kukuvelisa amathe . Le mathe ibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yomlomo wethu, kunye nempilo yomzimba wonke. Jonga okwenzekayo ngamathe:

• Igcina umlomo nomqala wakho umanzi kwaye ukhululekile . Uyazi ukungonwabi komlomo owomileyo.
• Ukumanzisa ukutya kwenza kube lula ukuginya . Ukutya okomileyo kunzima kakhulu ukuginya, akunjalo?
• Amathe ane -enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-amylase . Oku kunceda ekugayeni i-starch (ii-carbohydrate) esizityayo esiswini. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokugaya iqala emlonyeni.
• Inceda ukugcina umlomo wakho ucocekile . Amathe anceda ukuhlamba iziqwenga ezincinci zokutya eziseleyo emva kokutya.
• Ukubola kwamazinyo kunyeInciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seentsini .
• Inceda ukugcina ibhalansi ye-'pH' (i-acid-base) emlonyeni. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumazinyo.

Ezi glands zamathe zinceda njani ezinye iinkqubo emizimbeni yethu?

I-saliva, eveliswa zii-salivary glands, idlala indima enkulu kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya . Xa usitya, ukutya kudlula emlonyeni wakho, kuye emphinjeni wakho, kudlule kwi-esophagus yakho, kuze ekugqibeleni kungene esiswini sakho. I-saliva inceda ekugudiseni lonke uhambo. Igcina ukutya kumanzi, ikuqhekeza kube ziingceba ezincinci, kwaye yenza kube lula ukuginya.

Ezinye izinto ezimangalisayo onokuthi ungazazi malunga neendlala zamathe!

Ngoku jonga ukuba zingaphi izinto ezimangalisayo ezenziwa zezi gland zamathe, nangona singacingi kakhulu ngazo.

• Amathe omntu omdala avelisa malunga nelitha enye ukuya kwezimbini zamathe ngosuku.
• Ukuba ubunokubutha amathe akho unyaka wonke, ubungazalisa ibhafu!
• Ngexesha lobomi obuqhelekileyo, amathe ethu avelisa ngaphezu kweelitha ezingama-23,000 zamathe .
• Amathe akho angama -99% amanzi . Okunye kwenziwe ngeeproteni, ii-enzymes, i-mucus, kunye nee-buffering agents (izinto ezilawula i-pH).
• Ithontsi lamathe liqulathe yonke imfuza yakho. Ayimangalisi loo nto?
• Ngaphandle kwamathe, awunakungcamla ukutya. Amathontsi ethu okungcamla ayayiva incasa yokutya emva kokuba inyibilikile kumathe.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uhlanze, amathe akho asebenza ngakumbi . Oku kungenxa yokuba okungaphakathi kwesisu sakho kune-asidi. Xa uhlanza, ezi asidi zingonakalisa umqala wakho, umlomo kunye namazinyo. Amathe anceda ekunciphiseni nasekunciphiseni le asidi, anciphise umonakalo.

Ngaba zikho ezinye ii-salivary glands ngaphandle kwezona ziphambili? Ziphi?

Ukongeza kwii-salivary glands ezintathu eziphambili esizixubushileyo ngaphambili, kukho nezinye ii-salivary glands ezininzi ezincinci (`ii-salivary glands ezincinci`) ngaphakathi kwemilomo yethu. Ezi glands zincinci zifumaneka phantsi komlomo nomqala. Kunokubakho ii-1,000 zezi glands emlonyeni womntu. Nangona ezi glands zincinci zincinci kakhulu kunee-glands ezinkulu, kuthiwa zivelisa amathe amaninzi xa zidityanisiwe .

Zingakanani ezi glands zamathe?

Ubungakanani be-salivary glands buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-gland. Umzekelo:

• I -gland enye engaphantsi kolwimi ilingana ne-almond ngobukhulu .
• Iindlala zakho ezimbini ezingaphantsi kwethanga zidibene ngobukhulu obufana ne-walnut .
• I-parotid gland enye incinci kancinci kunendlebe yakho.
• Amathe amancinci emlonyeni wonke mancinci nangakumbi – anobukhulu obuziimilimitha ezimbini kuphela .

Zenziwe ngantoni ii-salivary glands?

Ngalinye lamathe ethu ligqunywe zizicwili. Ngaphakathi kwamathe kukho iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-acini, ezikhupha amafutha kunye nolwelo.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela amathe?

Ngelishwa, amathe ethu anokuchaphazeleka zizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.

• Amatye e-salivary gland
• Ukudumba kwe-salivary gland
• Usulelo lwe-salivary gland
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-salivary gland
• Iithumba ze-salivary gland

Ngoku masithethe ngesinye kwezi nkcukacha zincinci.

Amatye e-salivary gland

La matye aqunyiweyo enziwa ngeetyuwa ezikwi-saliva. Anokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni (`(ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni)`) okanye ukuba uthatha amayeza abangela umlomo owomileyo (`(xerostomia)`) . La matye anokuvala imibhobho ethwala amathe avela kwi-salivary glands. Oku kunokubangela intlungu, ukudumba, kunye nosulelo . Kufana nokuba kukho into ebambeke kumbhobho wamanzi.

Ukudumba kwe-salivary gland

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ii-salivary glands zidumbe. Umzekelo, xa une -mumps, ii-parotid glands ziyadumba. (Kule mihla, esi sifo asixhaphakanga kakhulu ngenxa ye-MMR vaccine.) Kwakhona, xa ii-salivary glands zingasebenzi kakuhle, oko kukuthi, xa imveliso ye-saliva inciphile, ukudumba kunokwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukudumba kunokubangelwa zii -tumor ezikhula kwi-salivary glands .

Usulelo lwe-salivary gland / i-Sialadenitis

Xa amathe esulelekile, ngokwezonyango kuthiwa yi -'Sialadenitis '. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zifo zibangelwa kukuvaleka kwamathe (njengamatye akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla) okanye ngumlomo owomileyo ongapheliyo .

Le meko inokubangelwa nazizifo ezithile ze-staph . Abantu abaneengxaki zokutya, ezifana ne-anorexia, ngabona basengozini enkulu.

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-salivary gland

Oku kubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko apho amathe akho angasebenzi kakuhle. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba amathe awavelisi amathe aneleyo (umlomo owomileyo) . Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi:

• Ezinye iintlobo zosulelo, umzekelo `( HIV )` kunye `(AIDS)`.
• Ezinye izifo, umzekelo i-Sjögren's syndrome , i-lupus , kunye ne -rheumatoid arthritisisifo samathambo `).
• Amayeza athile, umzekelo, amanye amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo, amayeza okuthomalalisa uxinezeleko, kunye namayeza esifo sikaParkinson.
• Ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza , ingakumbi i-chemotherapy kunye ne -radiation therapy , zinikwa kwindawo yentloko nentamo.

Kubalulekile: Ayizizo zonke iintlobo zomlomo owomileyo ezibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-salivary gland. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukuphefumla emlonyeni, uxinzelelo, kunye nokuxhalaba nazo zinokubangela umlomo owomileyo.

Iithumba ze-salivary gland

Ixesha elininzi, iithumba ezikhula kwiindlala zamathe azinawo umhlaza (azinabungozi) . Oko kuthetha ukuba azinabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ngumhlaza (ziyingozi) .

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeethumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza. Umzekelo, `(Adenomas)` (kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi ezifana `(pleomorphic)`, `(monomorphic)`), `(Oncocytomas)`, `(Warthin's tumor)`.

Imizekelo yeethumba ezinomhlaza (umhlaza we-salivary gland) ibandakanya `(Mucoepidermoid carcinomas)`, `(Adenoid cystic carcinomas)`, kunye `(Acinic cell carcinomas)`.

Unyango lwezimila ze-salivary gland ludla ngokubandakanya ukususwa kwesimila ngotyando . Ukuba isimila sinomhlaza, kunokufuneka unyango olongezelelweyo. Ezi zingabandakanya i-chemotherapy, unyango ngemitha, unyango nge-immunotherapy, okanye unyango ngamayeza athile.

Zithini iimpawu zeengxaki ze-salivary gland?

Umlomo owomileyo luphawu oluphambili lwengxaki kwiindlala zakho zamathe. Ukuba unomlomo owomileyo ongapheliyo, kulungile ukubona ugqirha ukuze uthethe ngonyango. Isenokuba liyeza olisebenzisayo elibangela umlomo wakho owomileyo. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukutshintsha amayeza okanye ukunciphisa umthamo. Unokukwazi nokucebisa iimveliso ezinokukunceda ugcine umlomo wakho umanzi.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yamadlala amathe?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezinokwenziwa ngoogqirha ukujonga impilo yamadlala akho e-salivary.

• I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yeeseli okanye izicwili kwi-salivary gland, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci. Isampuli emva koko ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe. Ukuba kuthathwa i-biopsy kwi-minor salivary glands, kudla ngokwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ngaphakathi komlomo kwaye kususwe ama-glands aliqela.
• Iskeni ye-salivary gland: Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi-salivary glands yakho, unokuyalela olu skeni. Olu skeni lusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekileyo kunye ne-radioactive tracer ukuthatha imifanekiso ye-salivary glands yakho. Ngaphambi kokuba iskeniwe, i-tracer ifakwe emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. I-tracer ihamba ngegazi lakho iye kwi-salivary glands yakho. Ugqirha angasebenzisa imifanekiso evela kwikhamera ukubona ukuba ingakanani i-tracer ekwi-salivary glands yakho. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umlomo owomileyo okanye i-salivary glands evuvukileyo.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimvavanyo zokujonga imifanekiso, ezifana ne-CT scans kunye ne-MRI scans, zinokwenziwa njengoko kufuneka.

Ndingazigcina njani ii-salivary glands zam ziphilile? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Nangona iingxaki ze-salivary gland zingenakuthintelwa rhoqo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Lo ngumyalezo obalulekileyo ekufuneka uwuthathe ekhaya.

• Sela amanzi amaninzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2-3 zamanzi ngosuku.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka namhlanje. Ukutshaya akulunganga kwimpilo yomlomo wakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Ukuba iyeza olisebenzisayo libangela ukuba umlomo wakho wome, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuze akwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo.
• Ziqhelise ucoceko lomlomo. Hlamba amazinyo akho kabini ngemini uze ucoce phakathi kwamazinyo akho (ukuyila amazinyo kakuhle yeyona ndlela ilungileyo).
• Ukuba uneempawu zentlungu ye-salivary gland, ukudumba, okanye umlomo owomileyo ongapheliyo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukuyityeshela nantoni na ebonakala incinci.

Uyabona, nangona amathe ee-slivary glands zingamalungu amancinci, enza umsebenzi omkhulu. Agcina imilomo yethu imanzi kwaye ikhululekile, kwaye anceda kuyo yonke inkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwethu ukunyamekela isitho esibaluleke kangaka.