Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba abanye abantu banemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emfusa emilenzeni yabo, ingakumbi kwindawo yezihlunu? Mhlawumbi nawe kuye kwafuneka ume imini yonke kwaye ngokuhlwa imilenze yakho iziva idumbile, inzima, kwaye ibuhlungu. Uninzi lwethu lucinga ukuba ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo, kodwa emva koku kukho ibali malunga nenkqubo yemithambo ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Umlinganiswa ophambili kweli bali "yiSaphenous Vein". Namhlanje sithetha ngale, umthambo omde emzimbeni wethu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSaphenous Vein?
Kulungile, masiyibeke ngolu hlobo. Imithambo yegazi ethambileyo yimithambo yegazi enceda ekuthwaleni igazi elivela emilenzeni yakho libuyele entliziyweni yakho. Le yindlela nje encinci ekhokelela ukusuka emilenzeni yethu ukuya ezintliziyweni zethu. Sineentlobo ezimbini zemithambo yegazi ethambileyo kwimilenze yethu nganye.
1. I-Great Saphenous Vein: Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Long Saphenous Vein, le yeyona vein inde emzimbeni wethu wonke . Khawuthelekelele, isuka enyaweni yakho iye phezulu emlenzeni, iye phezulu ethangeni lakho.
2. Umthambo Omncinane We-Saphenous: Lo mthambo uqala nasenyaweni, unyuke uye ngasemva komlenze, ecaleni kwesisu, uze uphele ngasemva kwedolo.
Zombini ezi veins zenza umsebenzi omhle wokuthwala igazi elivela emilenzeni yethu silibuyisele entliziyweni.
Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi wale nkqubo yemithambo yegazi?
Umthambo wakho othambileyo, njengeminye imithambo emininzi emzimbeni wethu, uthwala igazi "elingcolileyo" eliphelelwe yioksijini ulibuyisele entliziyweni. Imithambo ethambileyo iqokelela igazi kwimithambo emininzi emincinci ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni yethu. Emva koko imithambo ethambileyo ithwala eli gazi iye kwimithambo emikhulu emilenzeni ephezulu. Ukusuka apho, igazi lihamba liye phezulu emlenzeni, ekugqibeleni lidibene nomnye wemithambo ephambili emzimbeni wethu , i-Inferior Vena Cava, eya ngqo entliziyweni.
Le nkqubo yonke iyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi. Cinga ngayo njengenethiwekhi yeendlela esixekweni. Igazi zizithuthi ezihamba kwezi ndlela. Ezi zithuthi zinomsebenzi oqhubekayo ekufuneka ziwenze. Oko kukuthi, ukuthwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kuyo yonke iseli kunye nezicubu zomzimba wethu. Oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuma umzuzu omnye.
Kutheni ke ngoko eli gazi kufuneka libuyele entliziyweni? Isizathu kukuba ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo ibetha, intliziyo ipompa eli gazi lingenayo ioksijini liye emiphungeni. Kusemiphungeni apho eli gazi liphinda lifakwe ioksijini kwaye i-carbon dioxide engafunekiyo iyasuswa.
Igazi "elicocekileyo", elityebileyo kwioksijini, libuyela entliziyweni. Intliziyo emva koko ipompa elo gazi emzimbeni wonke. Emva kokujikeleza emzimbeni wonke nokusasaza ioksijini, igazi elingenaoksijini libuyela emithanjeni lize liqalise uhambo lwalo olubuyela entliziyweni. Lo mjikelo uyaqhubeka ngokungenasiphelo.
Ingaba yinyani na ukuba le mthambo isetyenziselwa utyando lwentliziyo?
Ewe, loo nto iyinyani. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha botyando bathabatha inxalenye yomthambo wakho othambileyo baze bayisebenzise "njenge-graft" kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ngexesha lotyando lwe-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) .
Ngamafutshane, xa imithambo yegazi yomntu, ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakhe, ivalwe ngamanqatha, imisipha yentliziyo ayifumani igazi elilifunayo. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Utyando lwe-CABG lubandakanya ukudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lijikeleze ukuvaleka. Kufana nokwakha indlela edlulayo ukuze kudlule indlela exakekileyo.
Ukuze benze le ndlela intsha, oogqirha bafuna umthambo wegazi olungileyo. Ngelo xesha, bathabatha umthambo kwenye indawo yomzimba wethu. Umthambo oqhelekileyo osetyenziswa koku yi-saphenous vein emlenzeni. Kuba ukususa lo mthambo akuyi kuba nefuthe elikhulu ekujikelezeni kwegazi emlenzeni. Kuba sinenye inkqubo yemithambo enzulu emilenzeni yethu yokwenza loo msebenzi.
Iphi le vein kwaye yenziwe njani?
Imithambo ye-saphenous yimithambo engaphezulu efumaneka phezu kolusu lwethu, kungekhona nzulu kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibonakala ngathi idumbile.
Iindonga zale mithambo zenziwe ngamaleya amathathu aphambili e-membrane:
- I-Tunica adventitia: Le yilaphu engaphandle. Inika umthambo amandla kunye nokuma kwawo.
- I-Tunica media: Umaleko ophakathi. Uqulethe iiseli zemisipha ezigudileyo. Olu maleko lunceda umthambo ukuba wande kwaye unciphe ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani begazi elihambayo.
- I-Tunica intima: Umaleko ongaphakathi. Iiseli zayo ezithambileyo zivumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokulula ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Olunye uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu lwale mivambo ziivalvu eziya kwicala elinye . Zicinge njengeengcango ezincinci. Ezi ngcango zivula indlela enye kuphela, eyokunyuka. Xa igazi liphuma emilenzeni lichasene nomxhuzulane, ezi valve ziyavaleka, zithintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli ezantsi. Zihlala zikhona ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12 kwezi valve kwiGreat Saphenous Vein.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela umthambo we-saphenous
Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo zinokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwemithambo emilenzeni yethu. Ezi zinokuchaphazela nemithambo ethambileyo.
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Imithambo yeVaricose | Le yimeko esiqhelene nayo uninzi lwethu. Imithambo iyadumba, ijijeke, ize ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa phezu kolusu. Nangona oku kudla ngokuba yingozi, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela iingxaki ezifana nezilonda zesikhumba. |
| Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheliyo | Le meko yenzeka xa iivalvu kwimithambo yemilenze, ebesithethe ngazo ngaphambili, ziba buthathaka. Emva koko igazi alihambi kakuhle kwaye endaweni yoko lihlala lijikeleza emilenzeni. Oku kubangela ukudumba kunye nentlungu emilenzeni. |
| I-Thrombophlebitis engaphezulu | Oku kwenzeka xa igazi liqhekeka kumthambo ongaphantsi kolusu. Oku kunokubangela ukuba indawo ibe bomvu, ifudumale, kwaye ibe buhlungu. |
Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki ngalo mthambo? (Iimpawu)
Ukuba unengxaki ngemithambo yakho ye-saphenous okanye nayiphi na enye imithambo emlenzeni wakho, unokufumana ezi mpawu. Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Oko ikukuthi... |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, okanye iinyawo (i-Edema) | Ingakumbi ukuba iinyawo zakho ziyadumba ekupheleni kosuku emva kokuma ixesha elide. Ukuba izihlangu zakho zivakala ziqinile. |
| Intlungu okanye ukuthamba xa ucinezelwe | Imilenze, ingakumbi apho imithambo ibonakala khona, ibuhlungu nje okanye ivakala ibuhlungu xa icinezelwa ngomnwe. |
| Ubunzima, ukudinwa, okanye iintlungu emilenzeni | Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye unzima emilenzeni yakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Abanye abantu banokuba neentlungu zomlenze ezibavusa ebusuku. |
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ulusu olomileyo, oluxobukayo, olurhawuzelelayo emilenzeni, okanye umbala omdaka wesikhumba unokuba ziimpawu zokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi. |
Wenza ntoni njengonyango?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Asinguye wonke umntu oza kufumana unyango olufanayo. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango olulungele wena.
Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo:
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Eli linyathelo lokuqala. Oku kuquka ukuma ixesha elide, ukunciphisa ukuhlala phantsi, ukugcina iinyawo zakho ziphakanyisiwe esitulweni, ukunciphisa ubunzima, kunye nokunxiba iisokisi ezixinzelelweyo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- I-Sclerotherapy: Ulwelo olukhethekileyo okanye igwebu lifakwa ngqo emthanjeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba linciphe kwaye linyamalale ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-Endovenous Thermal Ablation: Oku kusebenzisa imisebe yelaser okanye amaza erediyo ukufudumala nokuvala umthambo owonakeleyo ngaphakathi.
- Utyando (Ukubopha imithambo kunye nokuhluba): Umthambo owonakeleyo uyabotshelelwa kwaye ususwe ngokupheleleyo ngotyando.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Ukuba igazi liqhekekile emthanjeni, ugqirha wakho unokukunika la mayeza ukuze alinyibilikise aze athintele ukuba liqhekeke ngakumbi.
Ngoko ke singayigcina njani le mithambo isempilweni?
Zininzi izinto ezilula onokuzenza yonke imihla ukuze ugcine impilo yemithambo yakho.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba. Ukutshaya kubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithambo yegazi yakho.
- Hlala usebenza kangangoko unako.Musa ukuhlala kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide. Ukuba usebenza eofisini, vuka uhambehamba ubuncinane kanye ngeyure.
- Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni. Landela ukutya okunempilo okuhambisana nentliziyo.
- Hamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30, ubuncinane iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki. Olu luqheliselo oluhle kakhulu kwimpilo yemithambo yakho.
- Ukuba kufuneka uhlale ixesha elide (umz., kuhambo olude), thatha ikhefu elifutshane uze wolule imilenze yakho. Ukuba awukwazi ukuma, hlala phantsi uze uqengqele amaqatha akho phezulu nasezantsi.
Eminye imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Ingaba umthambo we-saphenous ngumthambo we-varicose?
Hayi. Umthambo wakho we-saphenous usenokuba usempilweni kwaye awunazo naziphi na iingxaki. Umthambo we-varicose ngumthambo odumbileyo, owonakeleyo, kwaye ongasebenzi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba xa umntu efumana imithambo ye-varicose, idla ngokuchaphazela imithambo ye-saphenous. Ngenxa yokuba ikwindawo ephezu kolusu, ibonakala lula xa idumba kwaye ijijekile.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle komthambo we-saphenous?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo inokwenzeka. Kungenxa yokuba unenye inkqubo enkulu yemithambo yegazi (imithambo enzulu) ethwala igazi lisuka emilenzeni yakho. Enyanisweni, imithambo enzulu ithwala igazi elininzi kakhulu kunemithambo engaphezulu. Ngoko ke ukuba ususa umthambo we-saphenous, eminye imithambo yegazi ingathatha loo msebenzi.
Ingaba oku kunzulu kakhulu?
Hayi. Zombini iGreat Saphenous Vein kunye neSmall Saphenous Vein ziimithambo engaphezulu. Ziqokelela igazi kufutshane nolusu zize zilithwale ziye kwimithambo enzulu.
Sihlala silibala indlela esebenza nzima ngayo imithambo yegazi yethu. Asicingi ngayo de kubekho ingxaki. Nangona imithambo yegazi erhabaxa ixhaphakile, ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingozi ukuba ayinyangwa. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho kwangoko xa ubona ukudumba, iintlungu, okanye utshintsho emilenzeni yakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umthambo othambileyo ngowona mthambo mkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, oqala ezantsi komlenze wakho usiya phezulu.
- Imithambo yeVaricose yingxaki eqhelekileyo enokunxulunyaniswa nale mithambo.
- Ukudumba kwemilenze, iintlungu, kunye nokutshintsha kombala wolusu kungaba ziimpawu zengxaki yemithambo yegazi. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi zinto.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni, ukwenza umthambo, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya kubalulekile kwimpilo yemithambo yakho.
- Ukuba uneengxaki okanye uxhalabile ngemithambo esemilenzeni yakho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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