Ingcali yamehlo akho: Ngubani lo gqirha wamehlo?

Amehlo akho yeyona nto ixabisekileyo ekunceda ubone ihlabathi. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela impilo yala mehlo kunye nokucaca kokubona. Ngokufanayo, ingcali yamehlo, okanye ngesiNgesi, (iNgcali yamehlo) , esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje yingcali ekhona ukujonga, ukuhlola, kunye nokunyanga impilo yamehlo akho ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki. Makhe sijonge ngokusondeleyo ukuba ngubani lo (iNgcali yamehlo), wenza ntoni, kwaye zeziphi iinkonzo onokuzifumana kuye.

Ngubani lo gqirha wamehlo?

Ngamafutshane, ingcali yamehlo yingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo eqeqeshwe ukuxilonga nokunyanga iingxaki zempilo ezinxulumene namehlo akho kunye nokubona. Bahlola amehlo akho, baxilonga baze banyange ukwenzakala kwamehlo, izifo, kunye nokukhubazeka kokubona. Enyanisweni, badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni kungekuphela nje impilo yamehlo akho, kodwa nempilo yakho iyonke.

Ingaba ugqirha wamehlo ngugqirha?

Ewe, ugqirha wamehlo ukwangugqirha wamehlo. Kodwa bahluke kancinci kugqirha wosapho lwakho (uGqirha weNkathalelo ePhambili - PCP), oqhele ukuya kuye ukuze ufumane unyango.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wakho wosapho (PCP) uya kuba nesidanga sezonyango (MD) okanye ugqirha we-osteopathy (DO) . Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wamehlo uya kuba nesidanga se-doctorate kwi -optometry (OD) . Abayi kugqiba esi sidanga kungekuphela ngesikolo sezonyango esiqhelekileyo, kodwa ngesikolo se-optometry esikhethekileyo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba yi-Optometrist?

Kudla ngokuthatha iminyaka emine ukugqiba isidanga se-OD. Iingcali ezininzi zamehlo nazo zigqibile isidanga se-undergraduate seminyaka emine ngaphambi koko. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga neminyaka esibhozo yemfundo yaseyunivesithi. Ezinye iingcali zamehlo zigqiba omnye unyaka woqeqesho lokuhlala emva kwesikolo se-optometry. Oko kubanika ulwazi olongezelelweyo.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yiGqirha wamehlo?

Ugqirha wamehlo unokuxilonga aze anyange iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo zamehlo kunye neengxaki zokubona. Benza oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo Lwamehlo: Uvavanyo lwamehlo olusemthethweni lwenziwa ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki zamehlo akho kunye nokubona kwakho.
• Uxilongo: Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ziya kuchonga imeko ethile yempilo okanye ukukhubazeka kokubona onako.
• Unyango olumiselweyo:Kwiimeko ezininzi, banokukunika unyango olufunayo. Umzekelo:
• Iiglasi zamehlo: Iiglasi zilungiselelwe ukufanela umbono wakho.
• Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano: Kukho iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ezingasetyenziswa endaweni yeeglasi.
• Izixhobo zokunceda ukubona okuphantsi: Kunikwe izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukunceda abantu abangaboni kakuhle.
• Amayeza okunyanga iingxaki zamehlo: Amayeza (umz., amaconsi amehlo ) anikwa unyango losulelo lwamehlo kunye nokoma.

Khumbula, nangona ugqirha wamehlo enokunyanga iingxaki ezininzi zamehlo eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko, uninzi lwabantu alukwenzi utyando. Ukuba udinga utyando emehlweni akho, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo . Ugqirha wamehlo unokukuthumela kwingcali yamehlo efanelekileyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki zamehlo ezinokuchongwa ngugqirha wamehlo?

Iingcali zamehlo zinokuxilonga iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokubona kunye nezifo zamehlo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zokubona:

• Ukubona kufutshane (Myopia): Izinto ezikufutshane zibonakala zicacile, kodwa izinto ezikude zibonakala zingacacanga. Khawuthelekelele, umzekelo, oonobumba ebhodini eklasini abacacanga.
• Ukubona izinto ezikude (i-Hyperopia): Ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacileyo, kodwa ukubona izinto ezikufutshane, umzekelo xa ufunda incwadi, akucaci.
• I-Astigmatism: Imeko apho umbono uphazamiseka kwaye ufiphale ngenxa yokungalingani kwimilo yelensi okanye i-cornea yeliso.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini (iDiplopia): Ukubona into enye njengembini.
• I-Presbyopia: Imeko edla ngokuvela emva kweminyaka engama-40, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukubona kufutshane. Ukuba kufuneka wolule ingalo yakho ukuze ufunde iphephandaba, le isenokuba yiyo.
• I-Amblyopia (Iliso elivilaphayo): Ukubona kwelinye iliso kubuthathaka kunelinye. Oku kunokunyangeka ukuba kufunyenwe kwangethuba.
• Ukungaboni imibala: Ukungakwazi ukwahlula imibala ethile ngokufanelekileyo.

Izifo zamehlo eziqhelekileyo:

• Usulelo lwamehlo: Iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye iifungi ezibangela iimpawu ezinje ngokuba bomvu, amehlo anamanzi, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa.
• I-Glaucoma: Isifo apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kweliso lonakalisa umthambo we-optic kwaye lunokubangela ukulahleka kancinci kombono. Oku kunokulawulwa ukuba kufunyenwe kwangethuba.
• IiCataracts: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso, okubangela ukubona okufipheleyo. Oku kuqheleka ngakumbi xa umntu ekhula.
• Iingxaki nge-retina yakho: I-retina yi-membrane eva ukukhanya ngasemva kweliso. Iingxaki ngale nto zingabandakanya, umzekelo , i-diabetesic retinopathy .
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular: Isifo esichaphazela kakhulu umbono ophakathi ngenxa yomonakalo kwi-macula, inxalenye ephakathi ye-retina.

Ndifanele ndihlolwe amehlo kangaphi?

Ngokujonga amehlo akho kunye nombono wakho rhoqo, ugqirha wamehlo unokubona iingxaki kwangethuba. Ngokubanzi, inani lamaxesha okufuneka uhlolwe amehlo akho liyahluka ngokweminyaka yakho:

• Abantwana: Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe amehlo ngugqirha wabantwana ngaphambi kokuba aqale isikolo. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangaphambi koko, ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokubona okanye yamehlo, unokuvavanywa. Emva koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo ngonyaka .
• Abantu abadala (iminyaka eli-18-65): Rhoqo ngonyaka okanye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala: Qho ngonyaka.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemine. (Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wamehlo ngale nto uze ugqibe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuwe, kuba ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba bhetele ukuba uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-55.)

Kubalulekile: Ukuba sele unxibe iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana, okanye ufumana unyango lwamehlo okanye lokubona, unokufuna ukuhlolwa amehlo akho rhoqo. Buza ugqirha wakho wamehlo okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya.

Ndingawanyamekela njani amehlo am?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho wamehlo okanye omnye ugqirha wamehlo ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kagqirha:

• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Amehlo abomvu.
• Intlungu yamehlo.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini.
• Uvakalelo ekukhanyeni (Uvakalelo ekukhanyeni - i-Photophobia).
• Ukubona izinto ezintsha ezifana nee-floaters okanye ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo akho.
• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho – ingakumbi ukuba ngequbuliso luya lusiba mandundu – musa ukuthatha nayiphi na ingozi ngempilo yamehlo akho, nokuba ezi zinto zinokubonakala ngathi zizinto ezincinci.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha wamehlo?

Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho wamehlo, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndifanele ndihlolwe amehlo kangaphi?
• Luhlobo luni lweelensi zokulungisa endizidingayo (iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana)?
• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga na imithi yamehlo okanye yokubona?

Ukongeza kule mibuzo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusombulula naziphi na iingxaki onokuba nazo malunga namehlo akho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yamehlo kunye nengcali yamehlo?

Nangona zombini ezi zinto zinxulumene nempilo yamehlo akho, imisebenzi yazo yahlukile.

• Ingcali yamehlo: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ingcali yamehlo inokuxilonga kwaye inyange iingxaki zamehlo akho, kwaye yenze uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo. Ngabo baya kukubhalela iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana.
• Ingcali yamehlo: Ingcali yamehlo ngumntu osebenza noogqirha bamehlo kunye noogqirha bamehlo. Badla ngokuba nesidanga sobugcisa seminyaka emibini okanye isatifiketi. Ingcali yamehlo iya kufakela iiglasi zakho ukuze zilingane nobuso bakho, ngamanye amaxesha ifake iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, kwaye ifake kwaye ilungise iiglasi zakho, iilensi, okanye iifreyimu. Abaxilongi okanye banike amayeza.

Ngamafutshane, ukuba ufuna ukuvavanywa amehlo akho okanye ukuvavanywa imeko yakho yempilo, uya kugqirha wamehlo. Uya kugqirha wamehlo ukuze wenze iiglasi zemithi abakunika yona.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ugqirha wamehlo unokunyanga phantse nayiphi na imeko echaphazela amehlo okanye umbono wakho. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo rhoqo kunokukunceda uchonge naluphi na utshintsho okanye iingxaki zamehlo akho kwangethuba.

Ungaze ulutyeshele utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, ukufiphala okutsha, okanye iintlungu zamehlo. Nokuba ezi zinto zingabonakala ngathi zizinto ezincinci kuwe, musa ukuzibeka emngciphekweni ngempilo yamehlo akho. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo angakunceda uqonde ukuba yintoni ebangela iingxaki zakho kunye nendlela yokuzilawula. Banokucebisa nonyango oluya kukunceda ubone ihlabathi ngokucacileyo. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uyawakhathalela amehlo akho!

Ingcali yamehlo , ingcali yamehlo, uhlolo lwamehlo, umbono, izifo zamehlo, iiglasi, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano