Yintoni iMvume enolwazi? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula!

Xa usiya esibhedlele, ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha aqale ukukunika amayeza, okanye enze into efana notyando , uyakuchazela ngokweenkcukacha aze akubuze, 'Uyavumelana na nale nto?' Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Informed Consent' kwezonyango. Oku akusiyonto yomlomo nje kuphela, kubaluleke kakhulu. Makhe sibone ukuba kutheni kunjalo kwaye kukunika luphi ukhuseleko.

Yintoni iMvume enolwazi?

Ngamafutshane, imvume enolwazi yingxoxo esemthethweni phakathi kwakho nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezempilo malunga nonyango okanye uvavanyo oza kulwenza. Oku kuyimfuneko ngokomthetho nangokwemigaqo yokuziphatha kwezonyango. Kubandakanya ukukuchazela ngokucacileyo ukuba uza kunyangwa ngantoni, ziziphi izibonelelo, ziziphi iingozi, ziziphi iziphumo ukuba awukwenzi oko, kwaye ingaba kukho naluphi na unyango olungelulo olongezelelweyo .

Emva koko ungabuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo ngayo, ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, kwaye ekugqibeleni, yitsho kuphela 'ewe' kuyo ukuba wanelisekile yiyo yonke into kwaye uyayifuna. Ukuba uthi 'ewe', yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yimvume.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando oluncinci. Ugqirha uthi kuwe, 'Ukuba wenze olu tyando, imeko yakho iya kuba ngcono kakhulu, kodwa usenokuba neentlungu ezithile, usenokuba uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa, kwaye usenokuba nesilonda esincinci.' Ungabuza, 'Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokungasebenzisi oku?', 'Ngaba ndiza kunikwa i-anesthesia yoku ?', 'Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo emva koku?' Izinto ezinjalo. Emva kokuxoxa ngako konke oku, uya kukuqonda ngokupheleleyo kwaye wonwabe kuko.

Kutheni le mvume inolwazi ibaluleke kangaka?

Imvume enolwazi iyakukhusela wena kunye nogqirha okunyangayo. Ikwaqinisekisa ukuba unalo lonke ulwazi oludingayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ujongane nonyango ngokuzithemba okungakumbi , kwaye kuthintela iingxaki ezingeyomfuneko kunye namaxhala kamva. Khawucinge nje, unikwe amayeza athile, kwaye abangele isiphumo esibi, kodwa awuzange uxelelwe ngawo kwangaphambili. Ubuya kudana kwaye ube nomsindo kangakanani? Oku kunceda ukuthintela izinto ezinjalo.

Enye into kukuba, oku kukunika ithuba lokuba uthathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kukhathalelo lwakho lwempilo. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kuwe ukuze wenze izigqibo ezilungileyo . Endaweni yokuthi nje, 'Ndiza kwenza nantoni na ethethwa ngugqirha,' kungcono ukwazi ukuba, 'Kwenzeka ntoni, kutheni oku kwenziwa, zithini izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngale nto?' Lilungelo lakho elo.

Ziziphi iintlobo zeenkqubo zonyango ezifuna le mvume inolwazi?

Ngokubanzi, ukuba kukho naziphi na iingozi ezibandakanyekayo kuvavanyo okanye kunyango, kuya kufuneka unike imvume enolwazi rhoqo. Oku akubandakanyi nje iingozi zomzimba, kodwa neengozi kubumfihlo bakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku, ukuze ukwazi ukugqiba ukuba uyavumelana na okanye akunjalo.

Imvume enolwazi idla ngokufuneka kwizinto ezinje:

• Xa unika i-anesthesia: Oku kuthetha ukukulalisa ngaphambi kotyando, okanye ukuphoxa indawo ethile.
• Xa usenza i-biopsy : Oku kuthetha ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili emzimbeni uze ulihlolisise.
• Utofelo-gazi: Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi linikwa livela kwimithombo yangaphandle.
• Ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza : Umzekelo, xa kunikwa i-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation .
• Ngexesha lokungenelela okuthile ngexesha lokubeleka: umzekelo, xa kusetyenziswa i-forceps delivery okanye xa kwenziwa i-episiotomy (ukusika okuncinci kwilungu lobufazi ).
• Xa uthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi: Oku kuthetha uphando ngamayeza amatsha okanye unyango.
• Xa usenza uvavanyo lwemfuza.
• Xa kufakwa izixhobo zonyango emzimbeni (ii-implants zonyango): umzekelo, i-pacemaker, okanye iipleyiti zesinyithi kwi-bone graft.
• Xa usenza naluphi na uhlobo lotyando, nokuba luncinci okanye lukhulu.
• Xa unyangwa ngamayeza anobungozi obukhulu: Umzekelo, xa unika iintlungu ezinamandla ezifana nee-opioids.
• Uvavanyo olwenziwe ngokufaka isixhobo emzimbeni: Umzekelo, ngexesha le-endoscopy.

Ukongeza, kufuneka ufumane imvume enolwazi nanini na xa iirekhodi zakho zonyango zidluliselwa komnye umntu okanye kwindawo ethile.

Ndinganika njani imvume yam enolwazi?

Ukunika imvume yakho enolwazi kuthetha ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezempilo, "Kulungile, ndizimisele ukwenza oku." Kuthetha ukuba uyayiqonda into abayichazileyo kwaye ukulungele ukwenza isigqibo.

Ngamanye amaxesha unesixwebhu ekufuneka usityikitye.Unako. Idla ngokuthi uyaziqonda iingozi, iingenelo, kunye nezinye iindlela. Nangona kunjalo, ukusayina elo phepha akuthethi ukuba kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza oko. Ungayitshintsha ingqondo yakho nangaliphi na ixesha - emva kokuba unike imvume yakho, ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale, okanye kwanangexesha lonyango (kufuneka uxoxe ngezinto ezisebenzayo koku nogqirha wakho).

Khumbula, ukusayina akuyonto nje eqhelekileyo. Kuthetha ukuba wenze isigqibo ngobulumko. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho into engacacanga okanye engacacanga, ungoyiki ukubuza ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ngubani owenza le mithetho malunga nemvume enolwazi?

Kumazwe ahlukeneyo ehlabathi, kukho amaziko ahlukeneyo adala imithetho nezikhokelo malunga nale mvume inolwazi. Umzekelo, eMelika, iiarhente zikarhulumente kunye nemibutho yezonyango zilungiselela imithetho enxulumene noku. Ukongeza, amaziko afana namasebe ezempilo kunye namabhunga ezonyango kwilizwe ngalinye nawo akhathazekile ngale nto.

ESri Lanka, kukho ikhowudi yokuziphatha ekufuneka oogqirha bayilandele ngokusebenzisa amaziko afana neBhunga lezonyango laseSri Lanka (SLMC) . Ikwakhankanya ngokucacileyo ukubaluleka kokufumana imvume enolwazi. Eyona nto iphambili kukukhusela amalungelo esigulana nokunika isigulana amandla okwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi. Ke ngoko, lo ngumgaqo osisiseko wezonyango owamkelwa naphi na emhlabeni.

Ngaba kukho iimeko ezikhethekileyo apho imvume enolwazi ingenakunikwa/ingafunekiyo kunyango?

Ewe, kukho iimeko ezingxamisekileyo apho oogqirha kufuneka bakunyange ngaphandle kokufumana imvume epheleleyo. Nazi ezinye zezo meko:

• Ukuba ufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo, kodwa ungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda: Khawuthelekelele ukuba ube sengozini waza waziswa esibhedlele ungazi nto. Oogqirha baza kuqala unyango olufunekayo ukusindisa ubomi bakho ngaphandle kokubuza. Kuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngelo xesha kukusindisa ubomi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, baza kuthetha nosapho lwakho, okanye bakuxelele iinkcukacha emva kokuba ubuyele engqondweni.
• Ukuba ugula kakhulu ukuba ungazenzela izigqibo: Umzekelo, ukuba ukwi-coma okanye ugula kakhulu, oogqirha baya kujonga ukuba unemiyalelo engaphambili, eyixwebhu elichaza ukuba ngubani omele akwenzele izigqibo xa ulahlekelwa zingqondo kunye nonyango olufunayo okanye olungalufuniyo. Okanye, baya kujonga ukuba kukho umntu onokukwenzela izigqibo ngokusemthethweni (njengesalamane esisondeleyo).
• Ukuba ungumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala:Ngokwesiqhelo, abazali bakho, umgcini wakho osemthethweni, okanye omnye umntu ofanayo ukwenzela izigqibo zempilo. Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe, umthetho uvumela abantu abaselula abaneminyaka ethile ukuba benze izigqibo zabo zempilo kwiimeko ezithile (umz., imiba yezempilo ngokwesondo). ESri Lanka, abazali okanye abagcini badla ngokunika imvume kwabo bangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala.

Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba isigulana sitsho ngokucacileyo ukuba asifuni inkqubo yemvume enolwazi , ugqirha angaqhubeka ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa oko kwenzeka rhoqo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoku uyaqonda kakuhle into ebesithetha ngayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Informed Consent ." Khumbula, kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha bafumane imvume yakho ngaphambi kokuba bakunike naluphi na uvavanyo okanye unyango. Le nkqubo yemvume enolwazi ikhona ukuze ikuncede uqonde into ovumelana nayo kunye nesizathu sokuba ibalulekile.

Ngamanye amaxesha, unokuziva unexhala kwaye udidekile malunga nokunika imvume kuba awuwaqondi amagama asetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho. Ingakumbi ukuba ufumana unyango olungxamisekileyo, unokuziva ungenakunceda kwaye ube nobunzima bokucinga ngokucacileyo. Kodwa awungomntu ongenakunceda. Inkqubo yemvume enolwazi ikunika ixesha olidingayo lokuqonda yonke into. Ungoyiki ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya ude uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo kwisigqibo sakho. Ukuba unako, kukwangumbono olungileyo ukufaka ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo othembekileyo kwincoko.

Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Yenza izigqibo ezinolwazi, ubuze imibuzo, kwaye uqonde. Lilungelo lakho! Kwakhona, ungalibali ukuba ulawula ngokupheleleyo unyango olufumanayo.

Imvume Enolwazi , Unyango Lwezonyango, Amalungelo Esigulana, Ukhathalelo Lwempilo, Utyando, Uvavanyo Lwezonyango