Ngubani ingcali ye-perinatologist egxile ekukhulelweni okunobungozi obukhulu? Masifumanise yonke into!

Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ulindele umntwana kungekudala, mhlawumbi ukhe waweva amazwi athi 'ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu'. Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo xa usiva into enjalo. Usenokuba novalo, "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni kum nakumntwana wam?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kukho oogqirha abanobuchule kakhulu abanokubonelela ngononophelo olukhethekileyo kunye nokunceda wena nosana lwakho olungekazalwa kwimeko enjalo. Omnye wabo bangoochwephesha 'yi-perinatologist' . Abanye abantu bawabiza ngokuba ' ziingcali zonyango lomama nosana (MFM)'. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngokuba ngubani lo chwephesha, yintoni ayenzayo, kunye nendlela onokufumana ngayo uncedo kuye.

Ngubani i-Perinatologist? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-Perinatologist yi -Obstetrician-Gynecologist (OBGYN) . Kodwa ifumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ngaphezu kwe-obstetrician eqhelekileyo. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Bajonga kwaye banyanga ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama okanye umntwana osesiswini uneengxaki zempilo, aba gqirha baqeqeshwe ukuba banike unonophelo olukhethekileyo kubo bobabini ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngexesha lokubeleka, nasemva koko.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo owawunaso ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Emva koko unokufuna ukubona ingcali efana nale xa uceba ukukhulelwa, okanye nakwizigaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa kwakho. Okanye, ukuba kuvela imeko entsha ngexesha lokukhulelwa efuna uvavanyo olongezelelweyo kunye nokhathalelo, unokufuna uncedo lwengcali ye-perinatologist. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba umntwana osesibelekweni unesifo sokuzalwa okanye ukuzalwa okungaqhelekanga , ezi ngcali zinokuphanda ngaso.

Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yi-perinatologist?

Ingcali ye-perinatologist ngugqirha ogxile ekunyamekeleni oomama neentsana ezineengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuzala, okanye emva kokubeletha. Banyanga iimeko ezazikho ngaphambili kunye neemeko ezintsha ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Bagxile ekunyangeni abafazi abakhulelweyo, ekuxilongeni iingxaki zempilo kwiintsana zabo, nasekuzilawuleni.

Ingcali ye-perinatologist ikakhulu inegalelo koku kulandelayo:

• Ingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba ucinge:Uza kwaziswa kwangaphambili ukuba unayo nayiphi na imeko yezempilo esele ikho enokubangela iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo seswekile , uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu , okanye isifo sentliziyo, kubalulekile ukuba uxoxe ngezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
• Unyango oluqhelekileyo lokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunye novavanyo lokukhulelwa okunomngcipheko ophezulu: Ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kunobungozi obukhulu, unokufuna uvavanyo oluninzi kunye nokutyelelwa rhoqo ngugqirha kunokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo. Le ngcali iya kuceba konke oku.
• Ulawulo lweemeko zempilo ezikhoyo okanye ezintsha kumama okhulelweyo: Ukuba imeko kamama ekhoyo iba mandundu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye ukuba kuvela imeko entsha (umz. isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa , i-preeclampsia ), iyanyangwa.
• Ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye ezinye iimvavanyo ukubona izifo zofuzo okanye iziphene zokuzalwa: Banokwenza iiskeni ezikhethekileyo kunye novavanyo lofuzo ukuze bafumane ukuba umntwana unazo naziphi na izifo zokuzalwa. Banokukunika ulwazi olucacileyo malunga nendlela imeko ethile eya kumchaphazela ngayo umntwana.
• Ukuncedisa ekubelekeni ukuba kuyimfuneko: Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwale ngcali kunokuba yimfuneko kwanangexesha lokuzala .
• Ukulawula iingxaki emva kokubeleka: Ukuba umama ufumana naziphi na iingxaki (umz., ukopha kakhulu) emva kokubeleka , nazo ziyanyangwa.

Yintoni 'Ukukhulelwa Okunobungozi Obukhulu'? Ngaba yinto yokoyika ngokwenene?

Xa uxelelwa ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho 'kuyingozi kakhulu', oko kuthetha ukuba udinga unonophelo oluthe kratya kunye nengqalelo ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa okuphumelelayo kunye nokuzala. Musa ukoyika ukuzibuza, "Ngaba kukho into engalunganga ngomntwana wam?" okanye "Ngaba ukukhulelwa kwam kuyingozi ngokwenene?"

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba 'umngcipheko ophezulu' akuthethi ukuba kukho ingxaki ngomntwana okanye ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kuyingozi. Kuthetha nje ukuba wena nomntwana wakho nijongwa ngokusondeleyo kuba kukho umngcipheko ophezulu kunesiqhelo wengxaki ethile. Kufana nokuba nononophelo ngakumbi xa usiya kuhambo olubalulekileyo.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu:

• Ukukhula kweminyaka yokuba ngumama: Ingakumbi ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala.
• Ukukhulelwa okuninzi:Oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho abantwana abangaphezu komnye esibelekweni, njengamawele okanye amawele amathathu.
• Ukuba ukhe waphunyelwa zizisu ngaphambili okanye wazala umntwana eswelekile.
• Ukuba neengxaki zemfuza kumntu wosapho.
• Ukuba ube neengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne -preeclampsia , ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha, okanye isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa .
• Unemeko yempilo enzulu: izinto ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile , uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo samathumbu avuvukalayo, okanye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba .

Kutheni ndithunyelwa kwi-perinatologist?

Ingcali yakho yokubelekisa kunye ne-gynecologist (OBGYN) inokukuthumela kwi-perinatologist ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kusemngciphekweni omkhulu, okanye ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba umntwana wakho ongekazalwa unengxaki yezonyango enzima okanye imeko yokuzalwa.

Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha bokubelekisa ngokubanzi banokukwazi ukulawula iingxaki ezincinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa (umz., uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olulawulwa kakuhle, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa ). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko iba mandundu, okanye ukuba ingaphaya kolwazi logqirha wokuzala ngokubanzi, baya kukuthumela kwingcali yamayeza oomama nosana, ebizwa ngokuba yi-perinatologist. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha bokubelekisa baya kudibana nogqirha wokuzala ukuze bafumane uluvo lwesibini.

Usenokwazi ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kuya kuba yingozi enkulu. Kwimeko enjalo, ungadibana nogqirha wezifo ezibangelwa kukuzala ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Kwezinye iimeko, ukukhulelwa kunokubangela imeko yempilo engalindelekanga.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokuba ugqirha wakho wokuzala angakuthumela kwi-perinatologist:

• Iimeko zonyango ezazikho ngaphambili: ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, i-lupus , okanye isifo seswekile .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu okanye i-preeclampsia.
• Ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuzala ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Ukuba unembali yesifo sentliziyo, ukuxhuzula, okanye iingxaki zezintso.
• Ukuba ukhe waphunyelwa zizisu ezininzi okanye wazala umntwana oswelekileyo.
• Ukuba unesiphumo esingaqhelekanga esivela kuvavanyo lokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa.
• Ukuba ulindele ukuzala abantwana abaninzi, njengamawele okanye amawele amathathu.

Emva kokuzala umntwana, kunokufuneka ubone ugqirha wezifo ezibangelwa kukuzala ukuba unesifo sofuba esigqithisileyo, usulelo, okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo.

Zeziphi iimeko ezinyangwa yi-perinatologist?

Iingcali zePerinatologists zinceda ekunyangeni izifo ezingapheliyo onazo kwaye ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwakho okanye usana lwakho. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:

• Isifo seswekile
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Iingxaki zokopha kunye nokugabha igazi
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Isifo sezintso
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni (umz., i-lupus)
• Iingxaki zemfuza , umzekelo , i-cystic fibrosis okanye isifo se-sickle cell .

Kwakhona, ukuba ukhe wakhulelwa ukhulelwe ngendlela enobungozi okanye enzima kwixesha elidlulileyo, unokufuna ukubona ugqirha wezifo ezibangelwa kukukhulelwa kwangaphambili. Imizekelo yeengxaki zokukhulelwa kwangaphambili ibandakanya:

• Ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwexesha kwee-membranes.
• Ukuphuma kwezisu okanye ukuzalwa kwabantwana abaswelekileyo.
• Ukuthintelwa kokukhula kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa.
• Izifo zokuzalwa okanye zemfuza.
• Iingxaki ze-placenta, umzekelo , ukuqhawuka kwe-placenta okanye i-placenta previa .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yokubelekisa kunye nengcali yezifo zabesifazane (OBGYN) kunye nengcali yezifo zangasese?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Ingcali ye-perinatologist ikwangugqirha wezifo zokubelekisa kunye nogqirha wezifo zabesifazane (OBGYN). Nangona kunjalo, bafumene iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo olongezelelweyo (ubudlelane) ekukhulelweni okunobungozi obukhulu. Olu qeqesho lubafundisa ngokunzulu indlela yokunyanga iingxaki ezinzima zonyango kunye notyando ezivela ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye nendlela yokuchonga nokulawula iimeko ezifana nezifo zemfuza kwimveku (usana).

Ukuthi nje ubonane nogqirha we-perinatologist akuthethi ukuba nguye oza kuba ngumboneleli wakho oyintloko wokhathalelo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukhathalelo lwakho lokukhulelwa luya kubandakanya ugqirha wakho wokuzala (i-OBGYN) kunye nogqirha we-perinatologist. Ugqirha wakho wokuzala uya kugqiba ukuba kufuneka ubonane kangaphi nogqirha we-perinatologist. Ugqirha we-perinatologist usenokuba nenxaxheba kwiinkalo ezininzi zokukhulelwa kwakho kunye nokuzala. Okanye, ungababona kube kanye okanye kabini ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ingaba 'Unyango Lomama Nosana' kunye 'Nengcali Yezifo Ezingapheliyo' ziyafana?

Ewe! Omabini la magama abhekisa kwingcali enye.Oko kuthetha ukuba, nokuba uyibiza ngokuba 'yingcali yezonyango zoMama nosana' okanye 'yingcali yePerinatologist', bobabini ngoogqirha abanyamekela ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu okanye iimeko zonyango ezinzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba yi-perinatologist?

Kulungile ukwazi oku, akunjalo? I-Perinatology yinxalenye ekhethekileyo ye-Obstetrics and Gynecology. Ukuze ube yi-perinatologist, kufuneka uqale ufumane isidanga se-bachelor uze uye kwisikolo sezonyango. Emva kweminyaka emine yoqeqesho lokuhlala kwi-obstetrics and gynecology, kufuneka ugqibezele iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu eyongezelelweyo yoqeqesho lwe-fellowship kwi-perinatology. Kukule ngqeqesho ikhethekileyo apho ufunda khona nzulu indlela yokunyanga iingxaki zokukhulelwa kunye nendlela izifo ezichaphazela ngayo umfazi okhulelweyo kunye nomntwana ongekazalwa.

Yintoni omele uyilindele kwintlanganiso yakho yokuqala nogqirha wezifo ezingapheliyo?

Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba uthunyelwe kwi-perinatologist kunye nemeko yakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, idinga lakho lokuqala liza kubandakanya ukuthatha imbali yakho yempilo , okanye ukuxoxa ngemeko yakho yempilo kunye nendlela enokuyichaphazela ngayo ukukhulelwa kwakho.

Ingcali yakho ye-perinatologist inokukunika iingcebiso malunga nazo naziphi na iimeko zofuzo okanye zokuzalwa umntwana wakho anokuba nazo, kwaye ingathetha ngohlobo lonyango umntwana wakho aludingayo emva kokuzalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingcali ye-perinatologist iya kwenza uvavanyo lwe-genetic, ii-ultrasound scans , ukujonga umntwana ongekazalwa, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zokufumanisa imeko.

Ufanele ulindele ukuba ugqirha wakho we-perinatologist asebenzisane nogqirha wakho wokubelekisa (i-OBGYN) kunye nabanye ababoneleli bezempilo kwiqela lakho lokhathalelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho nangexesha lokubeleka. Basenokusebenza nogqirha weentsana okanye ugqirha wabantwana .

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwa yingcali ye-perinatologist?

Iingcali zePerinatologists zenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuze zibone iimeko zemfuza kunye nezifo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound: Olu lunokuba zi-scan eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba neenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Chonga iimeko ezithile kumama mhlawumbi nakumntwana.
• Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa: Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuba umntwana unesimo semfuza.
• I-Amniocentesis: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana kwaye uluvavanye.
• I-Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu kwi-placenta uze uyivavanye.

Ngaba iingcali ze-perinatologists zizalisa abantwana? Ngaba ziyabenza utyando?

Ngamanye amaxesha ewe. Kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuvela. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho wokubelekisa (i-OBGYN) uya kubeleka umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha we-perinatologist unokubakho kwigumbi lokubelekisa ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ugqirha wakho wezifo zabesifazane uya kulawula uninzi lonyango lwakho. Baza kuxoxa ngeemfuno zakho ezinxulumene nokukhulelwa kwakho, ukuzala, kunye neemeko zonyango ezinxulumene noko nogqirha wakho wezifo zangasese.

Iingcali zePerinatologists zenza utyando oluthile olukhethekileyo . Umzekelo:

• Iinxalenye zotyando oluntsonkothileyo (iinxalenye ze-C)
• I-Cervical Cerclage (inkqubo yokuqinisa umlomo wesibeleko ukuba ubuthathaka)
• Utyando oluNgxamisekileyo lwe-Hysterectomy

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo esifuna ukuyithatha kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Iingcali zePerinatologists ziingcali ezigxile ekukhulelweni okunobungozi obukhulu okanye okunzima. Xa uthunyelwa kwi-perinatologist, kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kancinci. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba kukho ingxaki enkulu ngokukhulelwa kwakho. Kuthetha nje ukuba iqela lakho lezonyango lizama ukukunika wena nomntwana wakho unyango olufanelekileyo nolona lufanelekileyo .

Khumbula: Zive ukhululekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wotyando (i-OBGYN) kunye nogqirha wezifo zangasese malunga nayo nayiphi na imibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Ungoyiki ukubabuza imibuzo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqonde kakuhle imeko yakho kunye nonyango lwakho. Baza kukuchazela yonke into. Awuwedwa, kwaye kukho iqela loogqirha abafanelekileyo ukukunceda.

"Ingcali yePerinatologist, Ukukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni ophezulu, Amayeza oMama nosana, Ukhathalelo lokukhulelwa, Ukubeleka, Impilo yosana, Ingcali