Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi "Stem Cell". Kukho intetho eninzi ngale nto njengesisombululo esinokwenzeka kwizifo ezininzi ezisanzima ukuzinyanga, ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sikaParkinson, kunye nokukhubazeka. Ngoko ke makhe sijonge ukuba zezi stem cells ziyintoni kanye kanye, zeziphi iingenelo ezinokusinika zona, kwaye kutheni kukho ingxoxo enkulu ngazo emhlabeni.
Zithini ezi stem cells?
Ngamafutshane, iseli yesiqu ifana neqhekeza lodongwe elingenamilo. Singalithatha eli qhekeza lodongwe silibumbe libe yiyo nantoni na esiyifunayo, njengevazi okanye umfanekiso oqingqiweyo. Yiyo le ndlela ezi seli zesiqu ezinokuba yiyo nayiphi na uhlobo lweseli ekhethekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Ezi "ziiseli eziphambili" emzimbeni wethu.
Oko kukuthi, olu hlobo lunye lwe-stem cell lunokuthi, ngokuxhomekeke kwimfuno, luguquke lube yiseli yolusu , iseli yemisipha yentliziyo , iseli yemithambo-luvo yobuchopho , okanye iseli evelisa i-insulin kwi-pancreas . Kungenxa yale khono imangalisayo ukuba izazinzulu zinethemba elikhulu koku.
Sizifumana phi ezi seli?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokufumana ii-stem cells.
1. Ukusuka emzimbeni womntu omdala: Kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wethu, umzekelo, kumongo wethambo , kukho inani elincinci lala maseli e-stem. La maseli avelisa izinto ezifana neeseli zegazi ezintsha. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli ze-stem zabantu abadala.
2. Kwi-Embryos: Le yindlela ekuthethwa kakhulu ngayo nephikiswana ngayo. Oko kukuthi, ezi seli zifunyanwa kwi-embryo, elilinqanaba lokuqala lobomi bomntu. Ezi zihlala zithathwa kwi-embryos eziza kususwa kwizibini ezinyangwa nge -in vitro fertilization (IVF) , ngemvume yazo.
Amaxesha amaninzi, xa isibini esifuna ukuba nabantwana sidlula kunyango lwe-IVF, kwenziwa iimbumba ezininzi ukuze kwandiswe izinga lempumelelo. Emva kokuba enye okanye ezimbini zifakwe kwisibeleko sikamama, ezinye iimbumba ngamanye amaxesha ziyatshatyalaliswa. Kumazwe amaninzi, ziimbumba ebezinokulahlwa ezivunyelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kolu phando.
Ziziphi iingenelo ezimangalisayo zale teknoloji?
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi iingenelo esinokuzifumana kwezi seli zimangalisayo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba iiseli ezikwinxalenye yomzimba wethu zifile ngenxa yesifo. Kuthekani ukuba singatshintsha ezo seli zifileyo ngeeseli ezintsha neziphilileyo size sizifake kuloo ndawo? Leyo yeyona njongo iphambili yophando lweeseli ze-stem.
| Imeko yezonyango | Isisombululo esinokubonelelwa zii-stem cells |
|---|---|
| Isifo Seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus) | Isifo seswekile senzeka xa iiseli ezikwipancreas ezivelisa i-insulin zitshatyalaliswa. Endaweni yoko, iiseli ezintsha ezivelisa i-insulin zinokudalwa elabhoratri kwaye zifakwe emzimbeni. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Esi sifo sibangelwa kukufa kweeseli engqondweni ezivelisa ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yidopamine. Endaweni yoko, iiseli ezintsha ezivelisa idopamine zinokudalwa zize zifakwe engqondweni. |
| Ukukhubazeka komzimba | Kunokwenzeka ukuzama ukubuyisela umsebenzi olahlekileyo ngokuvuselela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezonakeleyo kwingozi. |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Ezi seli zingasetyenziselwa ukuvuselela iindawo zemisipha yentliziyo eyonakaliswe kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
Kodwa... kukho ingxaki enkulu yokuziphatha ngale nto.
Nokuba le teknoloji ilunge kangakanani na, kukho impikiswano enkulu kunye nengxoxo ejikeleze ingcamango yokufumana ezi seli kwi-embryos. Kukho izimvo ezimbini eziphambili ngale nto.
Elinye icala lithi oku kungasindisa amawakawaka obomi. Kwelinye icala, oku kusebenzisa iimbumba ebezinokutshatyalaliswa. Izazinzulu ezininzi kunye nabaphandi bakholelwa ukuba akukho nto imbi ngokwenza okulungileyo ebantwini. Bakubona oku njengesixhobo sesayensi esinokusindisa ubomi.
Kodwa kwelinye icala , ingakumbi amaqela eenkolo kunye nabo baxhalabele kakhulu ukuziphatha, baxela ibali elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ingxoxo yabo kukuba umntwana ongekazalwa, nokuba umncinci kangakanani na, sisiqalo sobomi bomntu. Ke ngoko, ukutshabalalisa loo bomi ngenxa yophando akulunganga. Ngokutsho kwabo, oku kudala "ubomi bomntu obulahliweyo."
Ngamafutshane, umbuzo wabo ngulo, 'Ngaba kulungile na ukutshabalalisa ubomi bomnye umntu (kwanemveku engekazalwa) ukuze kusindiswe ubomi bomnye umntu?'
Imeko kunye nekamva lehlabathi
Ngenxa yale mpikiswano, amanye amazwe abeke imithetho engqongqo kolu phando. Amanye amazwe, afana neNgilane, avumele olu phando ukuba luqhubeke nemiqathango. Oku kudla ngokushiya abaphandi bethandabuza. Kuba uphando olwenziwe ngeendleko ezinkulu lunokuphela ngequbuliso ngenxa yesigqibo sezopolitiko.
Kodwa izigulane kunye neentsapho zazo ezinesifo seswekile kunye neParkinson's zinethemba elikhulu lokuba olu phando luza kuqhubeka ngokukhawuleza. Yiyo loo nto besoloko bephakamisa amazwi abo ukuxhasa olu phando.
Le yinkcazo nje yendlela ethile. Sikwakukhumbuza ukuba uhlale uthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho malunga nayo nayiphi na imeko yempilo onokuba nayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iiseli ze-stem luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli ezisisiseko ezinokuba yiyo nayiphi na iseli emzimbeni wethu.
- Kukho ithemba elikhulu lokuba ezi ziya kukwazi ukunyanga izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nokukhubazeka.
- Ngenxa yokuba ezi zifunyanwa kwiimbumba, kukho ingxoxo enkulu yokuziphatha phakathi kwabo bacinga ukuba 'kuyonakalisa ubomi bomntu' kunye nabo bacinga ukuba 'kwenza okulungileyo ngembumba elahliweyo'.
- Le yingongoma enzima kakhulu. Ukufumana ulungelelwano phakathi kophuhliso lwesayensi kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu yeyona ngxaki inkulu kwixesha elizayo.
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