Ngaba kukho ingxaki eyenzeka ngequbuliso emzimbeni wakho? Masifunde ngengxaki ye-adrenal!

Owu, wakha waziva udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, unesisu esibuhlungu, kwaye uzive ungenakunceda? Mhlawumbi ezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho zibonakala zimnyama kancinci? Ezi azizozinto zilula ngokwenene, zinokuba ziimpawu zengxamiseko ebizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal crisis . Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kuba oku kunokuchaphazela nobomi.

Kutheni oku kubizwa ngokuba yingxaki ye-adrenal? Kwenzeka ntoni koku?

Ngamafutshane, ingxaki ye-adrenal yimeko enzima eyenzeka xa amadlala akho e-adrenal engavelisi ngokwaneleyo i-hormone cortisol . Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal , imeko efana nesifo sika-Addison . Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unale meko, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ngoku khangela, la madlala e-adrenal akwindawo engaphezulu kwezintso zethu. Afana noonxantathu ababini abancinci. La ngawa avelisa iihomoni ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, kuquka i-cortisol . Iihomoni zifana nezithunywa zeekhemikhali ezilawula yonke imisebenzi emzimbeni wethu. Zihamba ngegazi kwaye zithwala imiyalezo kuzo zonke iindawo zamalungu ethu, ulusu, kunye nemisipha, zisithi, "Yenza oku apha, yenza oku apha, yenza oku apha ngeli xesha."

Ihomoni i -cortisol ichaphazela phantse zonke izitho zomzimba wethu. Nazi ezinye zezinto eziphambili ezenzayo:

• Ilawula indlela umzimba wethu osabela ngayo kuxinzelelo.
• Inceda ekulawuleni imetabolism yethu.
• Inciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni.
• Ilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ilawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• Ikwanceda ekulawuleni umjikelo wethu wokulala nokuvuka.

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Addisonian crisis , okanye i-acute adrenal crisis .

Kutheni le ngxaki ye-adrenal ingxamisekile kangaka?

Oku kuyingozi kakhulu, kuba xa kuvela ingxaki ye-adrenal , imizimba yethu isenokungafumani gazi laneleyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-shock . Le meko yokwethuka inokuba nzima kakhulu ngokukhawuleza kwaye yonakalise amalungu ethu angaphakathi. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, malunga nama-20% abantu abafumana le meko banokufa. Kwakhona, ukuxhuzula kunye ne-coma zinokubakho. Yiyo loo nto oku kubizwa ngokuba yingxamiseko.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Ingxaki ye-adrenal inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50.

Oku akuqhelekanga. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-42% abantu abanengxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal baya kuba nengxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal . E-United States, ukwenzeka kokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal kumalunga nomntu omnye kwabayi-100,000. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-25% abantu abanesifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal bayafa. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.

Zithini iimpawu zengxaki ye-adrenal?

Iimpawu eziphambili ezibonakala kule meko zezi:

• Intlungu yesisu, okanye intlungu ezantsi kwesisu.
• Ukuziva udiniwe rhoqo, udiniwe kakhulu.
• Ukutya akunancasa.
• Ukuba mnyama kwezinye iindawo zesikhumba (hyperpigmentation) .
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka emzimbeni.
• Ukuba mncinci ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ukongeza koku, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu ezilumkisayo:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Urhudo.
• Ukuba nesiyezi, ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, ukuquleka, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo (coma).
• Ukuba nomkhuhlane.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Intlungu yamalungu.
• Amanqanaba eswekile egazini aphantsi (iswekile egazini ephantsi).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Ukugabha kunye nokucaphuka.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
• Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuyithatha lula.

Zithini izizathu zengxaki ye-adrenal?

Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela uxinzelelo. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:

• Ukunganyangi kakuhle imeko ebizwa ngokuba kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal, njengesifo sika-Addison .
• Umonakalo kwi-adrenal gland. Oko kukuthi, izinto ezifana nesifo se-adrenal gland kunye notyando.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -hypopituitarism (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-pituitary gland).
• Iintsholongwane. Khawucinge ukuba ubunomkhuhlane okanye olunye usulelo.
• Ukuyeka ngequbuliso amayeza e-glucocorticoid (afana ne -prednisone ) emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwengqondo okanye lweemvakalelo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubunengxaki enkulu, usizi, okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu.

Ifunyanwa njani ingxaki ye-adrenal?

Kunokuba nzima kancinci ukuxilonga, njengoko iimpawu zayo zifana nezezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ezinokunceda oogqirha ukuba baxilonge ngokuchanekileyo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• Uvavanyo lweswekile egazini (uvavanyo lweswekile egazini )
• Uvavanyo lweCortisol ( uvavanyo olujonga amanqanaba e-cortisol)
• uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-pH ( uvavanyo olulinganisa i-asidi egazini)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lePotassium ( uvavanyo olujonga inqanaba lepotassium egazini)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi le-sodium ( uvavanyo olujonga inqanaba le-sodium egazini)

Olu vavanyo luvumela ugqirha ukuba akuxelele ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unengxaki ye-adrenal okanye akunjalo.

Iphathwa njani le nto?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki ye-adrenal , ugqirha wakho uza kuqala ukukunyanga ngoko nangoko . Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukukunika inaliti ye-hydrocortisone (nokuba yi -hydrocortisone phosphate okanye i-hydrocortisone sodium succinate ) kunye nesisombululo se-saline emthanjeni osesandleni sakho okanye esandleni usebenzisa inaliti encinci kunye netyhubhu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-intravenous (IV) . Inaliti ye -hydrocortisone isebenza ngokutshintsha i-cortisol hormone elahlekileyo ngumzimba wakho.

Kubalulekile: Ukuqala olu nyango ngokukhawuleza yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusindisa ubomi.

Ukuba, nokuba yinto eyenzekileyo ngengozi, imeko yakho ibangelwa kukwasulelwa yintsholongwane, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane .

Kwakhona, ezinye iimpawu ezenzekayo kule ngxaki ye-adrenal ziyanyangwa. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte ( ukungalingani kweetyuwa emzimbeni), amanzi, iziselo zemidlalo, okanye amanzi ekhokhonathi anokunikwa. Ukuba iswekile yegazi iphantsi (i-hypoglycemia) , ukutya okuneekhabhohayidreyithi kunokunikwa.

Ukuba awukaze ube nengxaki ye-adrenal ngaphambili, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza iimvavanyo ezifana novavanyo lokukhuthaza i-ACTH ukuze afumane unobangela.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenaliti ye-hydrocortisone?

Ewe, njengayo yonke imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nobunzima bengxaki ye-adrenal, ezi zihlala zinyamezeleka. Abanye abantu banokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Ukusabela kokunganyamezelani.
• Indle emnyama okanye enegazi.
• Ifiva.
• Umqala obuhkungu.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ukuhamba kweemvakalelo.
• Intlungu kwindawo yesinqe, emqolo, ezimbanjeni, ezingalweni, emagxeni, okanye emilenzeni.

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha .

Ingaba le injection ye-hydrocortisone ifanelekile kubafazi abakhulelweyo?

Ewe, ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uneengxaki ze-adrenal , kukhuselekile ukufumana inaliti ye-hydrocortisone . Eli yeza, elibizwa ngokuba yi -hydrocortisone, aliweli kwi-placenta liye kumntwana.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba awufumani olu nyango, lubeka ubomi bakho kunye nobomntwana esichengeni. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango njengoko oogqirha beluchazile.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Kungathatha iiyure ezingama-24 nangaphezulu ukuba uzive ungcono emva kokufumana unyango lwengxaki ye-adrenal . Kuthatha umonde omncinci.

Ungayithintela njani ingxaki ye-adrenal?

Ukuba une -adrenal insufficiency , kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele izinto ezibangela ingxaki ye-adrenal . Uyakhumbula izinto esithethe ngazo ngaphambili, ezifana noxinzelelo, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, usulelo, okanye ukungawasebenzisi kakuhle amayeza akho e-glucocorticoid owanikwe ngugqirha?

Utyando kunye nokukhulelwa nako kunokwenza kube mandundu ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal . Ke ngoko, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba unale meko ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando. Ukuba uceba ukuba nomntwana, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto.

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuhlala uphethe ikhadi lesazisi sezonyango, umgexo, okanye isongo esichaza imeko yakho yempilo. Kufuneka sichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba loluphi unyango olufunekayo kunye nomlinganiselo ofunekayo. Olu lwazi luya kunceda abo bakunyangayo kwimeko kaxakeka ukuba bakunike unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Jonga ubunzima bakho rhoqo kwaye ujonge uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Ukuba uncipha okanye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kakhulu okanye luphantsi kakhulu, xelela ugqirha wakho .

Ugqirha wakho angakunika inaliti ye-cortisol ukuba uyithathe xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Uza kukuxelela ukuba uyithathe nini kwaye uyithathe njani. Gcina eli yeza kunye nemiyalelo yokulisebenzisa nawe ngamaxesha onke. Ukuba ubuthathaka kakhulu ukuba ungalithatha xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, fundisa ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo osenyongweni indlela yokulithatha.

Kungcono ukuba wenze isicwangciso nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyenze ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha iipilisi ze-hydrocortisone ngenxa yesicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uneengxaki ze-adrenal? Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki ye-adrenal , funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukusela i-glucocorticoids eninzi ixesha elifutshane akuyi kwenza monakalo mkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awufumani unyango ngokukhawuleza, lunokukubulala. Ngoko ke musa ukuthatha oku lula.

Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abakhe baba nengxaki ye-adrenal kuya kufuneka bathathe iipilisi ze-hydrocortisone ubomi babo bonke. Kububulumko ukuba uhlale unamayeza ongezelelweyo, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ugule kwaye udinga amanye.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zengxaki ye -adrenal , bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza .

Ukuba unestresi enkulu – nokuba kukwenzakala, ukugula, okanye ukudakumba okukhulu – bona ugqirha. Kusenokufuneka ulungise umthamo wamayeza akho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Uyabona njani kanye kanye ukuba ndinengxaki ye-adrenal ?
• Ukuba andinangxaki ye-adrenal , yeyiphi enye imeko endinokuba nayo?
• Yeyiphi imeko ebangela ingxaki ye-adrenal yam?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
• Ucebisa uhlobo luni lweyeza?
• Ndingaligcina njani eli yeza ngokufanelekileyo?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kweli yeza?

Buza le mibuzo ukuze uqonde ngcono imeko yakho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweThyroid Storm kunye neAdrenal Crisis?

Nangona zombini ezi zinto zingxamisekileyo, kukho umahluko phakathi kwazo zombini.

I-thyroid storm lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi -thyrotoxicosis . I-Thyrotoxicosis kuxa umzimba wakho uvelisa i-thyroid hormone eninzi kakhulu. I-thyroid gland entanyeni yethu ivelisa ii-hormone ze- triiodothyronine (T3) kunye ne-thyroxine (T4) . Ezi hormone zilawula izinto ezifana nobushushu bomzimba wethu, isantya sentliziyo, kunye ne-metabolism.

Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ye-adrenal , njengoko sesixoxile, yimeko esongela ubomi eyenzeka xa amadlala e-adrenal engavelisi i-cortisol eyaneleyo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, ukuba une -adrenal insufficiency , okanye ukuba ufumana iimpawu zengxaki ye-adrenal ,Thetha nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi bakho.

Ukuba unengxaki ye-adrenal , kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza ubomi bakho bonke. Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela imeko yakho kwaye uzame ukuziphepha kangangoko unako. Ubomi bakho buxabisekile kuwe, ngoko ke lukhathalele.

Ingxaki yee - adrenal, i-cortisol, isifo sika-Addison, iihomoni, amadlala e-adrenal, unyango olungxamisekileyo, iimpawu